Akyildiz, S. T. (2019). Do 21st Century Teachers Know about Heutagogy or Do They Still Adhere to Traditional Pedagogy and Andragogy? International Journal of Progressive Education, 15(6), 151-169.
Aljohani, M. (2017). Principles of “constructivism” in foreign language teaching. Journal of Literature and Art Studies, 7(1), 97-107.
Alkhudair, N., Alrayes, F., Alsehli, D., & AlRayes, S. (2024). Virtual reality in experiential pharmacy education: A quasi-experimental study. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 32, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102028
Altoura. (2024, October 9). Altoura 360 - Aseptic Training in VR for the Pharma Industry [Video]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/HsQcckbFMnk?feature=shared
Amineh, R. J., & Asl, H. D. (2015). Review of constructivism and social constructivism. Journal of social sciences, literature and languages, 1(1), 9-16.
Argyris, C. (1977). Organizational learning and management information systems. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 2(2), 113-123.
FarmasiaVR (2024). Aseptic Work - FarmasiaVR. University of Helsinki https://www.meta.com/experiences/aseptic-work-farmasiavr/6038104376288741/
Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem‐based learning in medicine and beyond: A brief overview. New directions for teaching and learning, 1996(68), 3-12.
Barrows, H. S., & Tamblyn, R. M. (1980). Problem-based learning: Rationale and definition. Problem-based learning: an approach to medical education. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 1-18.
Berenji, S., Saeidi, M., & Ghafoori, N. (2020). The effect of problem-based learning with hard scaffolds on Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension. Journal of Language and Translation, 10(2), 121-133.
Blaschke, L. M. (2012). Heutagogy and lifelong learning: A review of heutagogical practice and self-determined learning. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 13(1), 56-71.
CAST. (2024). Universal Design for Learning Guidelines version 3.0. https://udlguidelines.cast.org
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) LabTrainingVR: Biosafety Cabinet Edition. https://store.steampowered.com/app/1337060/LabTrainingVR_Biosafety_Cabinet_Edition/
ChanLin, L. J. (2008). Technology integration applied to project‐based learning in science. Innovations in education and teaching international, 45(1), 55-65.
Coyne, L., Merritt, T.A., Parmentier, B.L., Sharpton, R.A., & Takemoto, J.K. (2019). The Past, Present, and Future of Virtual Reality in Pharmacy Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 83(3), 281 – 290.
Dalgarno, B., & Lee, M. J. (2010). What are the learning affordances of 3‐D virtual environments? British journal of educational technology, 41(1), 10-32.
Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Conceptualizations of intrinsic motivation and self-determination. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior, 11-40.
Dikilitaş, K., Marshall, T., & Shahverdi, M. (2025). A Practical Guide to Understanding and Implementing Challenge-Based Learning. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67011-4
Eat Sleep VR. (2023, October 17). Quest 3 – A complete beginners guide [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ll5ywZZFM0A
inciteVR. (2021, December 6). Prelicensure Skills Administering an Intramuscular Injection [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9zOzw6ehJ0
Eisenberger, R., Pierce, W. D., & Cameron, J. (1999). Effects of reward on intrinsic motivation—Negative, neutral, and positive: Comment on Deci, Koestner, and Ryan (1999).
Fosnot, C. T. (1989). Enquiring teachers, enquiring learners: A constructivist approach for teaching. (No Title).
Ge, S., Leng, C. H., & Nizam Shaharom, M. S. (2022). The effect of students’ readiness and achievement in online learning integrates problem-based learning pedagogy during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Chinese Education, 11(3), 2212585X221144901.
Hase, S., & Kenyon, C. (2000). From andragogy to heutagogy. Ulti-BASE In-Site.
Hase, S., & Kenyon, C. (2007). Heutagogy: A child of complexity theory. Complicity: An international journal of complexity and education, 4(1).
Herrera, S. P. M. (2020). Situated learning theory. In J. Egbert & M. Roe (Eds.), Theoretical models for teaching and research. Washington State University. https://opentext.wsu.edu/theoreticalmodelsforteachingandresearch/chapter/situated-learning-theory
Institute for Experiential Learning. (2025). What is experiential learning? https://experientiallearninginstitute.org/what-is-experiential-learning/
Ismail, F.W., Ajani, K., Baqir, S.M., Nadeem, A., Qureshi, R., Petrucka, P. (2024) Challenges and opportunities in the uptake of simulation in healthcare education in the developing world: a scoping review. MedEdPublish. https://doi.org/10.12688/mep.20271.1
Issenberg, S. B., McGaghie, W. C., Petrusa, E. R., Gordon, D. R., & Scalese, R. J. (2005). Features and uses of high-fidelity medical simulations that lead to effective learning: A BEME systematic review. Medical Teacher, 27(1), 10-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590500046924
Kelly, G. (1991). The psychology of personal constructs: Volume one-A theory of personality. London: Rout ledge. Gray, A. The road to knowledge is always under construction: A life history journey to constructivist teaching. SSTA Research Centre Report, 1997.
Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development (Second edition.). Pearson Education Inc.
Li, H. (2013). The Interpretation of Problem Based Learning: A Case Study. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 1(1), 176-193.
McComas, W.F. (2014). Constructivism. In: McComas, W.F. (eds) The Language of Science Education. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doiorg.uproxy.library.dc-uoit.ca/10.1007/978-94-6209-497-0_19
Meta (n.d.). Meta for Education. Retrieved July 11, 2025 from https://forwork.meta.com/ca/meta-for-education/
National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities. (2016). Model standards for pharmacy compounding of hazardous sterile preparations. https://napra.ca/content_files/Files/NAPRA-Mdl-Stnds-Pharmacy- Compounding-Hazardous-Sterile-Preparations-Nov-
2016-Revised-b.pdf
Nilson, L. B. (2016). Teaching at its best: A research-based resource for college instructors. John Wiley & Sons.
Piaget, J. (1977). The development of thought: Equilibration of cognitive structures.(Trans A. Rosin). Viking.
Rahman, A. A., Sahid, S., & Nasri, N. M. (2022). Literature review on the benefits and challenges of active learning on students' achievement. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 17(12), 4856–4868. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v17i12.8133
Ross, S. (2021). Simulation-Based Learning: From Learning Theory to Pedagogical Practice. The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice, 19(1), 1-8.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary educational psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2002). Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic dialectical perspective. Handbook of self-determination research, 2(3-33), 36.
Schmitt, N. (2008). Instructed second language vocabulary learning. Language teaching research, 12(3), 329-363.
Sidhu, G. K., Ruofei, D., & Nawi, S. M. (2023). Enhancing postgraduate students’ reading skills via the pedagogy-andragogy-heutagogy (PAH) Continuum training programme. Asian journal of university education, 19(4), 728-742.
Stoten, D. W. (2020). Practical heutagogy: Promoting personalized learning in management education. Adult Learning, 31(4), 161-174.
Sutarjo, S., Kamil, A. B. K. A. B., Ma'shum, S. r. M. s., Zahra, W. H., Kejora, M. T. B., & Husna, A. I. N. (2025). Project-Based Learning Through a Heutagogic Approach in Higher Education: Challenges, Technology and Implementation. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1), 368-378.
Tang, S., Long, M., Tong, F., Wang, Z., Zhang, H., & Sutton-Jones, K. L. (2020). A comparative study of problem-based learning and traditional approaches in college English classrooms: Analyzing pedagogical behaviors via classroom observation. Behavioral Sciences, 10(6), 105.
Thomas, M. C. (2019). Simulation in pharmacy education. Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 2(6), 608–609.
360Learning. (n.d.). Connectivism learning theory. https://360learning.com/guide/learningtheories/connectivism-learning-theory/
Tobin, T. J. (2016). Reach Everyone, Teach Everyone through Universal Design for Learning. West Virginia University Press.
Vygostsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The Development of higher Psychological Processe. In: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wang, Z. (2022). Strategies to accomplish the benefits and drawbacks of problem-based learning. Global Journal of Teacher Education, 10(3), 1-2.
Williams, J., Rice, R., Lauren, B., Morrison, S., Van Winkle, K., & Elliott, T. (2013). Problem-based universal design for learning in technical communication and rhetoric instruction. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 1(1), 247-261.