RQ4 (User Study)

Average age: 22.56

Participants are undergraduate, master’s, and PhD students majoring in Computer Science, with an average age of 22.56, equivalent to late undergraduate or early postgraduate level.

Estimated time saved by AI assistants: 5.94 / 10

On average, participants reported that AI assistants helped them save 5.94 out of 10 in perceived programming time, indicating a moderate level of efficiency gain.

Seriousness of recommendation verification: 3.25 / 5

Participants demonstrated a mean verification seriousness score of 3.25 out of 5, suggesting that they generally review AI-generated edits with reasonable caution and attention.

Assistance contribution ratio: 2.94 / 5

The average contribution ratio of AI assistants was 2.94 out of 5, implying that AI tools played a supporting but not dominant role in participants’ coding processes.

Coding frequency: 4.86 days / week

Participants coded on average 4.86 days per week, reflecting frequent and consistent engagement with programming activities.