For δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S stable isotope analyses, we require dry solid samples, such as tissues, feathers, plant materials, soils, and organic matter on filter paper.
We provide the non-exchangeable δ2H in solid organic samples by pyrolysis using the comparative equilibration method as described by Wassenaar and Hobson (2003, DOI: 10.1080/1025601031000096781). As such, we use keratin reference standards to characterize the δ2H of keratin samples; for all other sample matrices, the % non-exchangeable hydrogen will be assumed to be similar to keratin samples.
Please contact us for target weights if you choose to weigh your samples.
All required sample pretreatment is at the discretion of the client; however, please inform EASIL of any pretreatment your samples have undergone.