In this unit, we'll study opposition to human caused climate change through law, awareness, and reparations.
When people fight climate change through law they either present a lawsuit to a company that pollutes the environment, attempt to create laws to prevent climate change, or require governments to be prepared for climate disasters.
When individuals and organizations create awareness within human populations about the damage of climate change, they can cultivate fertile ground for other actions.
When individuals, organizations, and governments realize that many countries, industries, and companies released the CO2 that is causing climate change now and communities that have not released CO2 are being harmed, they seek to create justice by giving resources to the communities that are being damaged.
When people act directly on the problem of climate change through legal and illegal means. This could be a protest that blocks polluters from working or illegal sabotage. There are many ways to do direct action and they all have strengths and weaknesses.
Lawsuit Case Studies:
Our Children's Trust: This non-profit organization is behind the Juliana v. United States lawsuit, where young people sued the federal government for failing to take action on climate change. Their website provides easy-to-understand explanations of the case and its implications (https://www.ourchildrenstrust.org/).
Climate Case Chart: This website is a global database of climate change lawsuits. You can search by country or keyword to find specific cases that interest you (https://climate.law.columbia.edu/node/1890).
Legal Frameworks:
Sabin Center for Climate Change Law: This Columbia Law School center offers free resources and information on climate change and the law, including explanations of international treaties and domestic environmental laws (https://climate.law.columbia.edu/).
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): The EPA website has a section dedicated to climate change regulation. This can be a good starting point to understand existing legal frameworks in the US (https://www.epa.gov/climate-change).
Educational Resources:
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES): C2ES offers educational materials on climate policy and law, including webinars and explainer videos (https://www.c2es.org/).
Khan Academy - Environmental Science: This free online course includes a unit on climate change that touches on policy and legal aspects (https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-environmental-science).
Implementing Carbon Pricing: Carbon pricing involves putting a fee on activities that produce greenhouse gas emissions, like burning fossil fuels. This encourages individuals and businesses to reduce their emissions by making it more expensive to pollute. It's like adding a tax on activities that harm the environment, making cleaner alternatives more attractive.
Enforcing Renewable Energy Standards: Setting requirements for a certain percentage of energy to come from renewable sources, like wind or solar power, can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels. This means laws would mandate that a certain amount of our energy must come from cleaner, sustainable sources, rather than from sources that contribute to climate change.
Strengthening Building Codes: Building codes are rules that dictate how structures are constructed. By updating these codes to include more energy-efficient standards, like better insulation or solar panels, buildings can use less energy overall. This reduces the carbon footprint of buildings and helps combat climate change.
Protecting and Restoring Natural Habitats: Laws can be put in place to preserve forests, wetlands, and other natural areas that act as carbon sinks, meaning they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. By safeguarding these areas and even restoring damaged ecosystems, we can help mitigate climate change by enhancing nature's ability to absorb greenhouse gases.
Encouraging Sustainable Transportation: Implementing policies that promote public transportation, biking, and walking can reduce emissions from cars and trucks. This might include investing in public transit systems, building bike lanes, and creating pedestrian-friendly infrastructure. By making it easier and more attractive to use alternative modes of transportation, we can decrease the amount of pollution released into the atmosphere.
Activism: Taking Action
Fridays for Future: This global youth movement led by Greta Thunberg offers resources and inspiration for students who want to take action on climate change. The website includes information on past strikes, toolkits for organizing events, and ways to get involved locally.
The Sunrise Movement ([The Sunrise Movement website]): This American youth movement advocates for a Green New Deal to address climate change. Their website offers resources on getting involved in political action, including lobbying representatives and running for office.
DoSomething.org ([DoSomething website]): This website connects young people with a variety of volunteer and activism opportunities, including those related to climate change. High school students can find local events, petitions to sign, and creative ways to make a difference.
Empowering Action
Climate Action Tracker ([Climate Action Tracker website]): This independent scientific analysis tracks government climate action and measures it against the globally agreed goals. It allows students to see how effectively different countries are tackling the issue.
Project Drawdown ([Project Drawdown website]): This organization researches and promotes various solutions to climate change. Their website provides information on a range of strategies, from renewable energy to sustainable food production.
Methods to Raise Awareness about Climate Change
Media Campaigns: Public service announcements, documentaries, and news reports have all been used to educate the public about climate change.
Educational Programs: Schools, universities, and community organizations have developed educational programs to teach people about climate change and its impacts.
Social Media Campaigns: Social media has been a powerful tool for raising awareness about climate change.
Community Events: Marches, rallies, and other community events have been used to raise awareness about climate change and to call for action.
Celebrity Advocacy: Celebrities have used their platforms to raise awareness about climate change.
Art and Culture: Artists, musicians, and filmmakers have used their work to raise awareness about climate change.
The Guardian: The case for climate reparations This article provides a great introduction to the topic, explaining the basic idea of climate reparations and the arguments for and against it. It uses clear language and avoids overly technical terms, making it easy for high school students to understand. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/nov/18/cop27-is-it-right-to-talk-of-reparations
Heinrich Böll Foundation: Why We Need Climate Reparations This website offers a more in-depth look at the issue, with articles and resources that explore the historical roots of climate injustice, the different forms that reparations could take, and the challenges of implementing a reparations program. https://www.boell.de/en/climate
The New School: Climate Reparations This webpage from The New School provides a collection of resources on climate reparations, including academic articles, news reports, and policy briefs. Students can find a variety of perspectives on the issue here. https://courses.newschool.edu/courses/NEPS5001
There are a number of podcasts that deal with climate change and environmental justice, and some of these episodes touch on the issue of climate reparations. A good place to start is the podcast "Drilled," which has an episode titled "Climate reparations": https://drilled.media/podcasts/hot-take/2/hottakes02-ep16
Books
"Deep Ecology for the 21st Century" by Derrick Jensen, et al. (2018): A collection of essays exploring deep ecology philosophy.
350.org's Climate Resistance Handbook: Feeling powerless about climate change? The Climate Resistance Handbook empowers you to take action. Learn how to organize, campaign, and fight for a sustainable future.
Websites:
Earth First! Archives: This archive of the radical environmental journal "Earth First!" provides a glimpse into the actions of an direct action environmental group.
Direct Action Against Climate Change: a collection of Reuters articles about current direct action against climate change.
Organizations:
Fridays for Future: Find information about youth-led climate strikes happening around the world.
Extinction Rebellion: A global movement using nonviolent civil disobedience to tackle climate breakdown. Their website offers resources and guides for action.
National Audubon Society's guide to climate action: Want to help birds and fight climate change? The National Audubon Society's Climate Action Guide gives you the tools you need to make a difference. Learn how to write impactful letters to your representatives, create a bird-friendly haven in your yard, and discover the connection between healthy bird populations and a stable climate. Visit the Audubon Society's website today and take action for a greener tomorrow!
Options for Direct Action on Climate Change
Petitions and Letter Writing Campaigns: These are efforts where people sign petitions or write letters to government officials or companies to express their concerns or demands about certain issues.
Peaceful Demonstrations and Marches: These are events where people gather together in public spaces to show their support or opposition to specific causes. They often involve chanting slogans, carrying signs, and walking through streets or gathering in parks.
Strikes and Boycotts: These are actions where workers refuse to work or consumers refuse to buy products or services as a form of protest. They are aimed at putting pressure on employers or businesses to address certain issues or meet specific demands.
Civil Disobedience: This involves intentionally breaking certain laws or rules as a form of protest, often to draw attention to an injustice or challenge authority. It can include actions like sit-ins, blockades, or occupying public spaces.
Online Activism and Social Media Campaigns: These are efforts where people use social media platforms and online platforms to raise awareness, mobilize support, and organize actions related to various social and political issues.
Community Organizing and Grassroots Movements: These involve local efforts to mobilize communities around specific causes or issues, often focusing on building networks, organizing events, and advocating for change at the local level.
Artistic and Cultural Resistance: This includes using artistic expressions such as music, theater, visual arts, and literature to convey messages, inspire activism, and challenge societal norms or injustices.
Legal Challenges and Litigation: This involves using the legal system to challenge laws, policies, or practices that are seen as unjust or discriminatory. It can include filing lawsuits, seeking injunctions, or advocating for legislative changes.
Solidarity Actions and Support Networks: These involve showing support and solidarity with marginalized or oppressed communities through actions such as fundraisers, community service projects, or providing resources and assistance.
International Advocacy and Collaboration: This includes working with international organizations, forming alliances with groups in other countries, and participating in global campaigns to address issues that transcend national boundaries.
Energy Efficiency Programs: These are plans to help buildings use less energy. This might mean giving rewards for using appliances that don't use a lot of energy, fixing up buildings so they don't waste energy, and making rules about how buildings should be made to use less energy.
Renewable Energy Projects: These are projects that use energy sources that won't run out, like the sun or wind. For example, putting solar panels on public buildings, starting projects where a community shares solar power, and giving rewards or tax breaks to people who use renewable energy.
Public Transportation Improvements: These are changes to make buses, trains, and other public transportation better. It could mean making more routes or stops, making it cheaper, and encouraging people to use bikes or walk by making special lanes or paths for them.
Green Building Policies: These are rules about how buildings should be made to be better for the environment. It could mean using materials that are good for the Earth, encouraging builders to use renewable energy, and making sure buildings have things like green roofs or special pavement that helps the environment.
Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs: These are plans to make less garbage and reuse things more. It might include programs to recycle things like paper or plastic, encouraging people to use things that can be used again instead of throwing them away, and making less stuff that gets thrown out in homes and businesses.
Urban Planning and Land Use Policies: These are ideas about how cities should be built and used. It could mean mixing things like homes and stores together, making cities more compact so they don't spread out too much, and protecting natural places like parks or forests.
Climate Resilience Planning: This is making plans to help cities deal with big changes in the weather because of climate change. This might include getting ready for things like floods or heatwaves by making changes in how cities are built or how people live there.
Community Engagement and Education: This means getting people involved and teaching them about climate change. It could mean talking to people in neighborhoods about what's happening, giving them information about how they can live in ways that are better for the Earth, and helping them take action together to help the environment.
This is part of the assignment as it existed in Spring '24.