Physics Paper-II

B. Sc. First Year (Semester I) 

Course - PHYSICS - Paper-II (102) 

(Electrostatics, Time varying fields & Electric Currents) 

Marks- 50                                                                                                                                                  Time- 30 hours 

Unit I: Electrostatics- Coulombs law in vacuum in vector form, Force between two charges, Electric field intensity, Electric potential, Electric field intensity due to a point charge, Electric dipole, Electric dipole moment, Electric field intensity due to an electric dipole, Electric field as a negative gradient of potential, Conservative nature of the electric field. 

Unit II: Dielectric- Introduction, definition of polar and non polar molecules, Polarization of charges in a dielectric, Clausius - Mossitti equation, Three electric vectors D, E and P and relation between them, Concept of capacitance, Parallel plate capacitor without and with dielectric, application of Gauss’s law to parallel plate capacitor. 

Unit III: Time varying fields-Electromagnetic induction, Faradays laws in differential and integral form, Lenz’s law, self and mutual induction, Transformer, Construction, working and its parameters, Energy losses.Electric Currents- Current density, Equation of continuity, Kirchhoff’s law, Rise and decay of current in LR and CR circuits, Decay of charge in LCR circuits. 

Unit IV: Electric Currents- Application of complex number in solving an a. c. circuit, j- operator method, A.C. applied to pure resistive, pure inductive and pure capacitive circuit, application of j- operator in LR, CR and LCR circuit, Resonance, Sharpness of resonance, Series resonance circuit (Calculate I, Z, Φ and fr),Q factor, Power in an a. c. circuit, Power factor. 

References and Text books - 

1. Electricity and Magnetism, by- Brijlal , Subramanyam. 2. Fundamental of Magnetism and Electricity, by- D. N. Vasudiva. 3. Electricity and Magnetism with Electronics, by- K. K. Tiwari. 4. Electricity and Magnetism, by K.K. Tiwari. 5. Elements of Electronics, by- M. K. Bagde, S. P. Singh, K Singh S - Chand. 6. Solid State Physics and Electronics, by- R. K. Puri, and V. K. Babbar. 7. Solid state Electronic Devices II Edition, by-B. G. Strretman. 8. Introduction to Electrodynamics, by- D. J. Griffiths. 4 9. Electromagnetic fields, by- T. V. S. Arun Murthy. 10. Electronics Fundamental and Applications II nd Edition, by-J. D. Ryder. 

B. Sc. First Year (Semester II)

Course – PHYSICS - Paper-I (201)

(Oscillations, Kinetic theory of gases and Thermodynamics)

Marks- 50                                                                                                                                                                                   Time- 30 hours

Unit I:

Free oscillations- Introduction to linear and angular S.H.M., Differential equation of S.H.M. and its solution, Composition of two perpendicular linear S.H.M.s for 1:1 and 1:2 (analytical method), Lissajous’s figure.

Damped oscillations- Differential equation of damped harmonic oscillator and its solution, Energy equation of damped oscillations, Power dissipation and quality factor.

Unit II:

Forced oscillations- Forced oscillation with one degree of freedom, Differential equation of forced oscillation and its solution, Resonance (Amplitude), Sharpness of resonance, Power dissipation, Quality factor and bandwidth.

Kinetic theory of gases -Assumptions, Boyle’s law, Equipartition of energy, Molecular collision, Mean free path and collision cross section, Estimate of molecular diameter and mean free path.

Unit III:

Transport phenomenon in gases- Transport of mass, momentum, energy and their relationship, dependence on temperature and pressure, Van der wall’s gas (Real gas, Equation of state), Critical constants. Thermodynamic -Thermodynamic variables, Thermal equilibrium and temperature, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Thermodynamic processes (Reversible and Irreversible), Indicator diagram, First law of thermodynamics, Carnot’s cycle and it’s efficiency, Carnot’s theorem.

Unit IV:

Thermodynamic-Entropy, Second law of thermodynamic, Thermodynamic scales of temperature, Third law of thermodynamics, Maxwell general relationship[δ(T,S)/ δ(x, y) = δ(P,V)/ δ(x, y) ] and it’s applications, Joules coefficient, Porous plug experiment, Liquefaction of gases- Boyle’s temperature and inversion temperature, Liquefaction of Helium, Air conditioning (Concept only).

References and Text books -

1. Waves and Oscillations, by-Stephenson.

2. A Text Book of Oscillations, waves and Acoustic, by- Dr. M. Ghosh, Dr. D. Bhattacharya.

3. Oscillation, waves and sound, by- Sharma and Saxena.

4. Waves and oscillation, by- N. Subrahmanuam and Brijlal.

5. The Physics of waves and oscillation, by- N. K. Bajaj, Tata McGraw-Hill, publishing co. ltd.

6. Heat, Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, by- Pragati Prakashan , Singhal, Agrawal.

7. Heat and Thermodynamics, by- Brijlal, Subramanyam.

8. A Text Book of Heat, by- J. B. Rajam.

9. Heat, thermodynamics and statistical physics, by- Brijlal, Subramayam and Hemne.

10. Heat and thermodynamics, by- C. L. Arora.

11. Treatise on heat, by- Shah, Srivastava.

B. Sc. First Year (Semester II)

Course-PHYSICS - Paper-II (202)

(Gravitation, Astrophysics, Magnetism and Magneto statics)

Marks- 50                                                                                                                                                                                       Time- 30 hours

Unit I:

Gravitation- Kepler’s laws of Planetary motion (statement only), Newton’s law of gravitation, Relation between G and g, Gravitational field, Gravitational potential, Gauss’s theorem, Gravitational potential and intensity due to uniform solid sphere at a point inside and outside the sphere, Gravitational self energy of a galaxy.

Unit II:

Astrophysics- The constituents of universe (Solar system, Stars, Galaxies), Introductory study of solar systems, To measure size of a planet (d=D.α), To measure distance of a planet by parallax method (D=b/θ), Mass of the sun and the planets( M=4π2r3/GT2), Structure of sun, Solar interior, surface temperature of sun (T=[R/r]1/2 .[S/σ]1/4 ), Solar luminosity, Stellar spectra, The Milky way (shape, size, clusters), Cosmological theories of the universe (Concept only).

Unit III:

Magnetism- Introduction, Magnetic materials, Langevin’s theory of diamagnetism, its application as superconductor, Critical magnetic field and Meissner effect, Langevin’s theory of para magnetism, Ferromagnetism, Ferromagnetic domain, Curie temperature, Ferrimagnetisms, Ferrites and its applications, Antiferromagnetism, Neel temperature.

Unit IV:

Magneto statics- Concept of magnetic field, Lorentz force equation, Magnetic dipole moment, angular momentum and gyro magnetic ratio, Biot- Saverts law, It’s applications ( B due to steady current in a long straight wire, B along the axis of circular coil), Ampere’s law, It’s applications(B for a solenoid, A Toroid), Magnetization current, Magnetic vectors, Gauss law of magnetization.

References and Text books -

1. Modern’s abc of physics, Vol. II, by- Satish K. Gupta. (For Astro Physics, Unit 13).

2. The Great Universe, by- G. K. Sasidharan, S Chand publications.

3. University physics, by- H. D. Young, R. A. Freedman.

4. Astronomy structure of the universe, by- A. E. Roy, D. Clarke, Adam Hilger Pub.

5. Electricity and Magnetism, by- D. C. Tayal

6. Electricity and Magnetism, by- Rakshit, Chottopadhay

7. Electricity and Magnetism, by- S. S. Atwood.

8. Electricity and Magnetism, by- K. K. Tiwari.

9. University physics, by-I. J. C. Upadhayay, Himalaya publications.

10. Foundation of Electrodynamics, by- Theory, Rietz and Millford.