Semester II

Syllabus: 

Fundamentals of Organic Reaction Mechanism: (5L)

Basic terms and concepts: Homolytic and Heterolytic fission with curly arrows with

suitable examples. Electrophiles and Nucleophiles.

Types (primary, secondary, tertiary, allyl, benzyl), shape and their relative

stability of the following reactive intermediates:

i. Carbocations ii. Carbanions and iii. Free radicals

Introduction to types of organic reactions: Addition, Elimination and Substitution

reaction. (With one example of each)

Bonding and Structure of Organic Compounds: (5L)

Hybridization: sp3, sp2, sp hybridization of carbon and nitrogen; sp3 and sp2

hybridizations of oxygen in Organic compounds (alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone,

carboxylic acid, ester, cyanide, amine and amide)

Overlap of atomic orbitals: Overlaps of atomic orbitals to form sigma and pi bonds,

shapes of organic molecules.

Shapes of molecules: Influence of hybridization on bond properties (as applicable to

ethane, ethene, ethyne).

Fundamentals of Organic Reaction Mechanism: Notes