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Hi r/SouthAfrica! I'm am American currently visiting your beautiful country (in Margate, KZN as I'm tapping this out) and I'm wondering what South African novels I should read. New novels, the classics, anything really.

Beukes is a journalist-turned-fiction writer, comic writer, and screen writer. She has authored award-winning and bestselling books. Some of her well-known novels include The Shining Girls, Broken Monsters, and Zoo City, which won her the Author C. Clark award. In addition to books, she has written comics and many short stories.

Download South African Novels Pdf

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KARIBA is a fantasy-adventure graphic novel inspired by the mythology and history surrounding the construction of one of the largest dams ever built in southern Africa. The graphic novel will be drawn by Daniel Clarke and co-written with his brother James.

Umzingeli by Eugene Ramirez Mapondera features a Zimbabwean bounty huntress who mostly fights political criminals. Like Kwezi, this superhero has attracted international attention and helped put African comics and graphic novels on the map. You can find out more about Kwezi here

The phenomenon of the "poor white" social class dominated much of the academic, media and entertainment spheres for the first half of the twentieth century. This article examines poor white women as depicted in both fiction and non-fiction in South African literature and demonstrates that there is a certain overlap in their depiction. By combining the two types of literature it shows that selected novels, specifically those written during the first half of the twentieth century by authors from the Realist genre, may be considered cultural historical sources in their own right - in terms of portraying the daily lives and struggles of poor white women trying to fit into a male-constructed ideology. As a rather marginalised sector, poor-white women, are examined in terms of the volksmoeder concept and attention is given to how the novels redefined this term.

Until the latter part of the twentieth century, women, let alone poor-white women, were for the most part rarely the focus of academic study.2 It was only after the 1970s that an interest in poor-white women as a separate entity emerged and revealed how women were used in the volksmoeder paradigm to create a national Afrikaner identity.3 This article aims to consider how poor-white women feature in Afrikaans novels written at the beginning of the twentieth century and how these augment and endorse their portrayal in both primary and secondary sources.4 To this end the report of the Carnegie Commission (1929-1932) as well as key literature on women, will be considered in tandem with an analysis of the novels.

A juxtapositioning of fictional and non-fictional sources portrays the different types of poor-white women; what their daily lives comprised; and how they conformed or rebelled against the volksmoeder concept upheld by the government.5 It is interesting to note that very few of the novels selected for this article portray poor-white women who were resident in the urban areas; the focus appears to be on women in the rural areas. A better understanding of what it was like to be a poor-white woman during the first half of the twentieth century emerges, or at least how these poor-white women were perceived and represented.

The authors of the novels are all male and include Jacob Lub, Jochem van Bruggen, Christiaan Maurits van den Heever and Abraham Hendrik Jonker. Their novels are set in the first half of the twentieth century.23 The authors belong mainly to the middle class, but the majority also experienced the hardships of poverty.24 Their representation of women may be viewed as patriarchal perceptions of the time. A number of academics, the large majority of whom were women, have also written about the history of women and their role in society. The different periods in which they write also reflects the different thoughts, ideas and prejudices of the time regarding women. However, the representation from contemporary novels and more recent research appears to correlate and support one another.

Women featured prominently in Afrikaans literature during the Second Afrikaans Language Movement. In publications woven around the Great Trek, the Battle of Blood River and the Anglo-Boer War, women were depicted as tough and self-sufficient and it was these legendary women who were used as the embodiment of the volksmoeder traits.41 These women feature as characters in a number of the selected Realist novels about poor whites during the first half of the twentieth century. It was this image that was portrayed in the novels and was emphasised in Afrikaans magazines and popular works that working-class women were exposed to. Thus an Afrikaner identity permeated the works read by the Afrikaner working-class women, pointing them to the ideal volksmoeder, the image of womanhood to which they should aspire.42

When considering the nature of sources deemed viable for historical research, there has been a marked change over recent years. T. Cook remarks that sources now range from the tangible to the intangible and from the visual to the oral,43 while T. Rowat argues that the archives themselves are becoming less concerned with distinctions of legitimacy and authenticity and are more focused on a broader range of formats that reach the realm of popular culture. This entails "blurring the distinctions between non-fiction and fiction in the documentary record and analysing it as a cultural construct".44 However, it is the fictional novels that are often forgotten in academic analyses and these have begun to gain increasing credibility.

Fictional sources can be seen as forming part of what is referred to as a community or counter-archive.45 Many of the events and characters featured in such stories are based on what the authors experienced, witnessed, or were told. They are contemporary and thus have a realistic nature and give voice to recollections of what occurred or what has gained acceptance in popular memory. According to John Tosh novels must to some extent be considered as a source.46 Although not historical statements, they do offer insights into the social and intellectual milieu in which the writer lived and provide vivid descriptions of the setting as well.47 P.C. Schoonees makes a similar point by stating that the character Ampie in Jochem van Bruggen's novels Ampie: Die Trilogie48was considered the first "real Afrikaans person" in Afrikaner literature and that this novel can be used as a document for further study about welfare conditions of that time.49

As mentioned above, the novels that have been selected for examination were written by Afrikaans authors during the first half of the twentieth century.50 It is very difficult to determine the political affiliation of the novelists and one cannot simply place a label on them. They remain a nuance of the time.51 The authors include J. Lub [1868-1926] a teacher, writer and in later life a politician. Lub was one of the first authors to use the Realism genre with regard to the portrayal of the lives and conditions of the poor whites.52 His work is of importance because it is one of the few novels or sketches of poor whites in the urban areas and it includes realistic accounts of what he experienced.53 These accounts and short stories are seen as human documents and form part of the archives of history.54 One of the best examples of Lub's work is DarkJohannesburg [1912].55

Another author in this genre is J. van Bruggen (1881-1957) who was a teacher, businessman, farmer, as well as a poet and writer. Van Bruggen's work was heavily influenced by the Afrikaans language and culture struggle, the Anglo-Boer War and the poor-white problem - each with its own underlying implications.56 His novels and stories have a historical element and can thus be described as historical fiction, although he is considered a Realist.57 He was regarded as one of the best writers on the poor whites and their lives, not only making people aware of the problem, but also giving his readers insight into their hardships.58 Some of his works include Bywoners (1919), Die Burgemeester van Slaplaagte (1936), Die Springkaanbeampte van Sluis (1938) and Ampie: Die Trilogie, published in 1965 by Afrikaanse Pers after the author's death.59

Another notable example of Afrikaans literature in this category is the work of CM. van den Heever (1902-1957). He was a teacher, journalist, Afrikaans professor, poet and writer. Van den Heever's works are usually categorised as falling under either the Romanticism or Realist genre, but can perhaps most accurately be referred to as rural farm novels.60 His own experiences and artistic flair, from which his work developed, were governed by the historical circumstances and the religious and political views ofhis time.61 One ofhis bestknownworks is Droogte (1930).62

A.H. Jonker (1905-1966) was a journalist, editor, politician, poet and writer. He is well known for his tragic farm novels dealing with the hardships suffered by the poor white families whom he describes with the same type of Realism that is associated with Van Bruggen. Jonker's work is blunt, shocking, truthful (also known as "raw" Realism). Rather than subtly playing on the emotions of the reader, he makes the reader face the harsh reality and creates sympathy for the characters.63 His novels Die Plaasverdeling (1932) and Die Trekboer (1934)64 fall into the period of the Second Afrikaans Language Movement (after 1902) and the 1930s, a time when the volk and the Afrikaans language were pushed to the forefront of popular literature.65 This period was chosen for scrutiny because it best represents the height of the poor-white question. One of the motivations for such works was in fact the plight of the poor whites - to express what was happening around them or what they were experiencing.66 These writings reflect on social and economic issues, often in graphic detail.67 Each of these novels also portrays women. Although not all of them are featured as main characters of the story, the situation and portrayal of the women provides the reader with a clearer understanding of the situation. e24fc04721