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It's unfortunate that there's no official (or even unofficial) Persian dictionary for Amazon Kindle. I'm no programmer but I took it on myself to make a English-Persian dictionary myself, and it's finally here!

Live now: The new revised online German-Persian dictionary with full search functionality. Due to the high level of demand for a German-Persian dictionary, we have until recently provided a BETA version with restricted search options on this site. In the meantime, we have fully digitised the dictionary and are pleased to offer it here as a complete online dictionary in both language directions.

Download Persian English Dictionary

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The initial phase of the dictionary includes basic vocabulary for describing physical appearance, daily routines, items in some everyday spaces and items in some national and religious ceremonies in Iran. The dictionary is under further development in 2023 and 2024.

In 7 chapters, the author presents an account of the Old Persian language that encompasses its corpus, glossary and concordance. For the first time, the book provides a dictionary of every single cuneiform term that is attested in the Old Persian language and it contains a comprehensive analysis of each word, its orthographic representation, its linguistic roots and its corresponding declensions across the extant sources.

Dehkhoda Great Dictionary, first published in 1931, is a comprehensive dictionary that contains the description and meaning of Persian language vocabulary. The dictionary is the greatest and most important work of Ali Akbar Dehkhoda (1879-1956), who spent over 40 years on collecting and organizing the material.

His work includes a significant number of Arabic loanwords as well as their meaning, commentary, and historical description. The dictionary contains the literary vocabulary of Persian language, with its meaning and the application in poetry. However, it does not contain much of the Persian scientific and technical vocabulary. This kind of vocabulary was mostly created after the dictionary was written. The current edition consists of 67,265 pages - each page includes three columns and it has around 350,000 entries.

About half of the dictionary are words with explanation of their meaning, and the other half is historical and geographical proper names. This dictionary holds all words of the manuscript and printed Persian dictionaries with corrections. It includes many words of Turkish, Mongolian, Hindi, Arabic, French, English, German, Russian and other languages that were used in Persian. To read the entries correctly, diacritics are used. The author also included a full course of Persian grammar.

The dictionary allows accessing information about Persian vocabulary and terms with roots in Iranian, Arabic, Turkish, Mongolian, Indian as well as European languages. The dictionary also provides pronunciation, etymology, derivation, and compounds.

Hassan Amid firstly, in 1954, published a dictionary titled Farhang-e No ( , meaning New Dictionary) that had 936 pages. Later on, in 1963, he published the most complete dictionary, Amid Dictionary ( ), that included 1114 pages.

The dictionary describes pronunciation and the language of origin, some of the entries include pictures and photos. Also, the dictionary almost does not cover the names of places, cities, authors, and artists.

The glossary has two main editions: the eight-volume Great Edition (large dictionary) published in 2003, and the two-volume Small Edition (compact dictionary). The second piece does not cover the etymology of the words and does not include colloquial and archaic words.

(Farhang-e Ruz-e Soxan) published in 2010 is a one-volume monolingual dictionary which is comprised of common words and expression of the Persian language and includes less scientific entries.

Contemporary Dictionary of Persian is a monolingual Persian dictionary compiled by Gholamhossein Sadri-Afshar (1935-2018), in cooperation with Nasrin and Nastaran Hakamis (Hakami sisters). The dictionary won Iran's Book of the Year Award in 2000.

It was published in 2009-2010 by Iran Language Institute. The dictionary has 1,230 pages and includes over 5,000 records. It targets foreign language learners of Persian. The glossary is written in an easy to read, and simple language and includes many examples.

The dictionary includes 35,000 words and terms common in the Persian language. It is divided into 22 chapters and 1,250 categories. The terms are sorted by subject and their meaning relationships, and not in alphabetical order. One of the significant features of the dictionary is collocation. The authors have used around 5,000 examples in the dictionary. This one-volume dictionary has 2,080 pages.

Iranian linguist Ali Ashraf Sadeghi (1941- ) is the senior editor of this dictionary. Some of the features of the dictionary are: it is based on computer text corpus, it is comprehensive and includes all eras of Persian language, it is etymological, it includes modern scientific terms as well as new words approved by APLL.

The dictionary includes 5,000 most frequent Persian words and is based on alphabetical order. The glossary provides with term's part of speech, examples, and the English equivalents. The dictionary also includes a CD.

Parsi Wiki is an online monolingual dictionary with a purpose to develop an online Persian glossary based on the dictionary of the late Ali Akbar Dehkhoda as well as new words in Persian language. The software provides the possibility to expand Persian vocabulary by editors.

Meyr-e jaml (comp. 744-45/1343-44) by ams-e Far Efahn is a dictionary of 1,580 entries, including corrupt forms, arranged on the model of Lat-e fors; all supporting verses are composed by the author. It was used by Waf, Enj rz, Sorr, Abd-al-Rad Tatav, and Awbah.

Madr al-afel of Allhdd Fay Serhend (comp. 1001/1592) is a detailed dictionary comprising 12,000 entries arranged according to the first and then final letters. The author mentions as his sources Tjayn, (i.e.,Tj al-mader of Bayhaq and Tj al-la of Jawhar or the annonymous Tj al-asm), orh, Mohaab al-asm, Qonyat al fetyn for Arabic and on Zafn-egy, Adt al-foal, araf-nma-ye Monyar, Moayyed al-foal, etc. for Persian words. Some definitions are provided with supporting verses (Dabrsq, pp. 101-02).

Bahr-e Ajam is a dictionary of about 10,000 entries, including a considerable number of idioms and expressions, in alphabetical order, compiled in 1152/1739 by Tk and Bahr. In his introduction the author mentions as his source about 100 dvns and correspondence collections of the Persian and Indian poets of the Safavid period.

Farhang-e Waf or Resla-ye osayn Waf (comp. 933/1526) by osayn Waf is based mainly on eh al-fors. The author has also used Meyr-e jaml, the dictionary of ams-al-Dn Moammad Kamr and some other sources for a limited number of entries. Another dictionary written in the same period is Tofat al-abb, compiled in 936/1529 by the calligrapher Soln-Al Awbah for Sad-al-Dn Mahad, the vizier of Khorasan. It comprises 2,483 entries arranged according to their first and last letters respectively. The entries are almost the same as those recorded by Asad, plus a number of corrupt forms. The examples are also the same as those quoted by Asad, besides some verses by later poets (Anwar, Szan, San, Kaml-al-Dn Esml, Moezz, etc.). No source is cited by the author (Dabrsq, pp. 74-78).

Persian lexicography in the Ottoman empire. Persian lexicography in the Ottoman empire apparently began in the 9th/15th century. Unlike those compiled in India, almost all dictionaries produced in the Ottoman empire are bilingual (Persian-Turkish). The earliest extant dictionary is the anonymous Oqnm-e Ajam, containing about 5,000 entries arranged alphabetically according to the initial and final letters. It was used by the author of Farhang-e Nemat-Allh (d. 969/1561-62). A manuscript preserved in Bodleian was copied in 898/1492 (Dabrsq, pp. 261-62).

Tefls also compiled the [bayn/lt/tarjomn al-] Qawf, a dictionary of Arabic rhyming words (Monzaw, pp. 290-91; Storey, p. 88). In Khorasan Moammad abb Herav compiled in 924/1518 a dictionary of Arabic medical terms (perforce including many Greek, Syriac, and Latin loanwords), the Jawher al-la, which he revised and reissued in 938/1532 as Bar al-jawher (Tehran, 1288/1871; Monzaw, p. 325). A traditional technical glossary in semi-modern guise can be seen in the Ketb kaf eelt al-fonn of Moammad Tahnav (fl. ca. 1745), edited by Abd-al-aqq et al with an English title page and appendix at Calcutta in 1862 (2 vols.; offset repr. Tehran, 1967). This dictionary defines, in Persian, Arabic and other terms used in the Islamic sciences.

The most common type of dictionary is bilingual. Persian is the source language in all Syriac, Bengali, Greek, and Latin dictionaries as well as in most Turkish (80 percent), Urdu (75 percent), Armenian (75 percent), Russian (67 percent), French (50 percent), Hindi (50 percent), and Swedish (50 percent) dictionaries. On the other hand, it is the target language in 75 percent of Pashtu dictionaries, about 67 percent of German, Spanish, and English dictionaries, and in all dictionaries of Gujarati and Esperanto.

History. Excluding Arabic, Turkish was the first language for which a bilingual Persian dictionary was compiled. The oldest such dictionary is the e al-Ajam by Far-al-Dn Hendh b. Sanjar Najavn(ca. 731/1330; ed. .- Bgdel, Tehran, 1361 ./1982). By the 17th century about eleven Persian-Turkish dictionaries had been compiled, the most famous of which is Lesn al-Ajam (1076/1665) by asan or. Also in the 17th century three Persian-Latin dictionaries appeared by C. Ravius (Specimen Lexici Arabico-Persici-Latini, Leyden, 1645), Angelo de St. Joseph (Gazophylacium Linguae Persarum, Triplici Linguarum Clavi Ilalicae, Gallicae, nec non specialibus praeceptis ejusdem linguae reseratum, Amsterdam, 1685) and Edmond Casteli (London, 1686). In the 18th century, the first English, Italian, and German dictionaries were published. John Richardson published the first Persian-English dictionary in Oxford in 1777. By the end of that century three other English dictionaries were compiled, two of which were published in India (R. Jones, 1792; Gladwin, 1788). F. M. Meninski provided in his mutilingual dictionary (Vienna, 1780) equivalents of Persian words in German, Italian, Latin, Turkish, and Arabic. The number of dictionaries and languages covered (especially European languages) began to increase in the 19th century. Fifteen dictionaries were written for Turkish, most of which were compiled in Ottoman Turkey. The most famous of them is Lahja-ye Omn (1889) by Amed Rafq Pasha. Four other Latin dictionaries (considered to be the last of such dictionaries) were also written in this century, the most significant of which is Ioannis Vullers (Lexicon Persico-Latinum, 2 vols and a suppl., Bonn, 1855-67). Close to twenty English dictionaries were written in this century, including the well-known Persian-English dictionary of F. Steingass (1892) and a versified English-Persian dictionary, called Neb, by Farhd Mrz Motamed-al-Dawla (Tehran, 1296/1879). The first dictionaries of French (15 titles), Russian (4 titles), Hindi (3 titles), Armenian, Greek, Bengali, and German (each 1 title) were also compiled in this century. The French dictionaries of J. B. Nicolas (Dictionaire Franais-Persan, 2vols., Paris, 1857-85), Jean Desmaison (Dictionaire Persan-Franais, St. Petersburg, 1859-68), and A. B. Kazimirski (Vocabu-laire Franais, Paris, 1883) are more significant that the others. A dictionary by Moammad-asan Khan an-al-Dawla (Dictionaire des homonymes, Tehran, 1883) and another one attributed to Ner-al-Dn Shah (Dictionaire manuel Franais-Persan,Tehran, 1878) are also worth mentioning. The only Armenian dictionary of this century was compiled by H. A. Bezjian (Constantinople, 1826). The first Persian-Russian and Hindi-Persian dictionaries were written by Mrz Abd-Allh affrof (Moscow, 1814) and eb Frz (Lahore, 1840) respectively. ff782bc1db