Download Music Calculator

A successful singer-songwriter selling millions of CDs could easily make a profitable living for themselves. However, thanks to the digital revolution, fans are no longer buying CDs like they used to. Instead, they stream their music from popular streaming services. They can hear what they want when they want.

While sound recording revenues are collected by distributors, performance and mechanical royalties are collected by music royalty collection societies (e.g, Performance Rights Organizations, Mechanical Rights Organizations). Most of these companies take a collection fee of between 10-18% which is automatically deducted at gross.

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Pandora is a form of non-interactive streaming. It works similarly to an internet radio station by playing songs that match specific traits. The basic idea is to introduce the listener to new music by playing songs that sound alike / from the same genres that the listener has preselected.

It can seem a little depressing, putting your heart, soul and money into your music for very little return when it comes to streaming. However, keep your chin up! The royalties paid to artists by these platforms are always increasing due to increased platform popularity and higher subscription rates.

This storage calculator can give you a rough guide as to how many songs you can fit on a variety of different storage sizes. This is dependant on the file format being used for the music files and based on an average song time of 5 minutes.

Hello this is Wozn from the band Rooftop Ridicule and tonight I'm going to show you how to turn a Texas Instruments TI-85 Graphics Calculator into a playable musical instrument.

This is a device never even intended to make sound at all.

This is a hack in the category of Circuit Bending, but unlike most circuit-bent projects I intend this to be actually used musically, not just crazy noises, although I love those.

These same principles can be applied not only to other Texas Instruments Calculators, but anything that makes sound and has a little brain that you can change the speed of. Changing the "clockspeed," as it is called, will often also change the pitch. Sometimes when set extremely high or low cool crashes and weird noises will occur, especially in toy keyboards.

As I mentioned in the introduction, one can control the pitch of the sound by changing the clockspeed of this thing's little processor. It is a tiny computer after all, and in fact it has a z80 processor just like the classic Tandy TRS-80 computer.

How do we do it? First you have to open it up and find capacitor C9. Take a look at the picture of it's location taken from one of the sites I linked below. What you want to do basically is remove it and in it's place put a capacitor of another value.

less than 22pF makes it faster and sound higher pitch. no capacitor is the fastest.

more than 22pF makes it slower, lower pitch, and potentially really cool sounding.

RadioShack has a "low pF capacitor" assortment pack that is perfect for this.

You can use several and have a switch to switch between them. The best way however is to use a lower value capacitor and a variable resistor in a configuration where you can tune it. After all how good is a musical instrument you cannot tune?

Unfortunately I do not remember the specific value of the variable resistor or capacitor I used. It it a very small trim-pot and a low value, probably 5k. You can use full size capacitors, you do not have to use a surface mount one like you removed. Radioshack has a trimpot assortment pack too.

The best way to find what works for you is to solder two short wires to the pins for C9, then use alligator clip wires or breadboard to test your speed control first. Be sure you have your computer nearby to put the software on there after you hook it up, it won't keep it's programing with the case off because the back panel holds the backup battery.

For extremely detailed speed mod instructions go here or here.

Ok, but this thing isn't supposed to make sound, how do you make it do it?

First of all, to run assembly language stuff on this calculator at all you first need what's called a "shell." This is a program for running other programs. You see, TI only designed this calculator to do calculator stuff, not run other people's homemade software. Long ago some industrious hackers figured out how to write a shell for the little guy and hack a backup file so that the first item on the Custom menu points to their shell. Once in the shell you can run any assembly language program you can find or make. Tetris was probably the most popular and when I was in high school that was the thing to do this for. Now the calculator TI built to replace the TI-85, the TI-86, has the ability to run homemade or third-party assembly language programs built in. This is because they actually care about their customer base. wow!

The original shell was called ZShell, and it started it all. The smallest, simplest and most reliable one, and therefore the best for what we're after, is CShell-NT v3.05 available from ticalc.org, really the best single resource for hacking these little guys.

There are a small handful of sound demonstration programs that were made for the TI-85, all a long time ago. Here are my favorites, they each link to the file archives of ticalc.org.

Zshell Keyboard (Sound)

American Techno Percussion

Here are a couple audio examples of a song with the calculator in it. When you hear the short beeps that's the TI-85 though a delay pedal, right after the pause with just guitar.

Spleen of the Machine live at Gallos Las Vegas

Spleen of the Machine Accoustic

There you go! This isn't the only calculator that Rooftop Ridicule uses as a musical instrument however. In the photo below is the Casio VL-1. It is both a calculator and a little keyboard, a perfect combo of the two things Casio is most legendary for. This particular one has controls I added which change the pitch in exactly the same way as the TI-85 except it already has a pitch control pot on the back. It also has touch contacts and a button I call "crazy loud mode."

As always follow us around at rooftopridicule.com or myspace.com/rooftopridicule

To get a natural sounding reverb the pre-delay is crucial. Humans are accustomed to hearing a specific delay before they hear a reverb. This gap is defined by the pre-delay of your reverb. In the calculator above you can find commonly used values for the pre-delay and the decay time. Adding or subtracting a few milliseconds from these timing values can create a pushing or pulling feel to your groove.

While most modern delay effects can be synchronized to the projects BPM some are not capable of doing this. The delay calculator helps you to find the right settings for your delay. For depth, just try out different delay times out of the normal notes list.

A low-frequency oscillator (LFO) is an electronic device (or software) which creates a rhythmic pulse or sweep that usually is below 20 Hz. This pulse is often used to modulate synthesizers, delay lines and other musical gear to create effects like vibrato, tremolo and phasing for example.

In addition to the milliseconds, the delay calculator also shows you the respective Hertz values for the various note values. Try some of them with your LFOs to create great effects that vibe with your tracks.

I think the Pre-Delay & Reverb Calculator is great if you want to add subtle enhancements to individual instruments with delay or reverb. You can glue instruments together with the beat of your track and create depth and interest while keeping the groove of your song. As music is an art, and each song needs different treatment you should always use your ears to evaluate your adjustments. The Pre-Delay & Reverb Calculator can be a helpful tool but the delay times it returns might not always be the best choice. In the end, it only matters that your song sounds good. There are definitely other ways to use the delay times than I did in my examples. Get creative and let me know how you use them!

Hi mate,

you asked for it at the right time! I always wanted to make it available as an app and now I released the app on the Google Play Store. Have a look at it ?

=com.anotherproducer.drc.delay_reverb_time_calculator

It explains how the tool works and how it can be used to achieve a better-sounding mix. Overall, these blogs provide valuable insights and resources for musicians and producers at different stages of their careers.

So there is a really useful handy calculator ( -asakoto.github.io/es-calc/music.html?lang=en) that helps you to know how many dia you need to reach 3,500,000 points at an event (and thus have the 5* card of this event). But I don't know how to complete the data... When I try to calculate without changing anything of the former data, I always end up with "NaN" on the dia needed part... and also for the normal and expert song plays and BP needed. Does someone know how to complete those data?

In truth, there's no simple answer, but we'll try to explain how much your music could be earning in streaming royalties from platforms like Spotify, Apple Music and more as well as the different factors that affect royalty payments.

As you can see, some music services pay out more than others. But keep in mind that some platforms with lower royalty rates may have more users and a wider reach. So a stream from certain platforms might actually be worth more in terms of reach, exposure and building your profile.

As you can see from our calculator, it takes a lot of streams to start earning the big bucks - not that it's not possible! There are loads of independent artists out there doing huge streaming numbers and making a good living solely through streaming royalties. 17dc91bb1f