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A 22 halo is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that consists of a halo with an apparent radius of approximately 22 around the Sun or Moon. When visible around the Moon, it is also known as a moon ring, storm ring, or winter halo. It forms as sunlight or moonlight is refracted by millions of hexagonal ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere.[1] Its radius is roughly the length of an outstretched hand at arm's length.[2]

Even though it is one of the most common types of halo, the exact shape and orientation of the ice crystals responsible for the 22 halo are the topic of debate. Hexagonal, randomly oriented columns are usually put forward as the most likely candidate, but this explanation presents problems, such as the fact that the aerodynamic properties of such crystals leads them to be oriented horizontally rather than randomly. Alternative explanations include the involvement of clusters of bullet-shaped ice columns.[3][4]

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The ice crystals in the clouds all deviate the light similarly, but only the ones from the specific ring at 22 degrees contribute to the effect for an observer at a set distance. As no light is refracted at angles smaller than 22, the sky is darker inside the halo.[5]

In folklore, moon rings are said to warn of approaching storms.[6] Like other ice halos, 22 halos appear when the sky is covered by thin cirrus or cirrostratus clouds that often come a few days before a large storm front.[7] However, the same clouds can also occur without any associated weather change, making a 22 halo unreliable as a sign of bad weather.[citation needed]

The moon's halo or lunar halo is an optical illusion that causes a large bright ring to surround the moon. This striking and often beautiful halo around the moon is caused by the refraction of moonlight from ice crystals in the upper atmosphere.

In effect, these suspended or falling flecks of ice mean the atmosphere is transformed into a giant lens causing arcs and halos to appear around the moon or the sun depending on whether the effect is happening during the night or day respectively.

A lunar halo is created when light is refracted, reflected, and dispersed through ice crystals suspended in cirrus or cirrostratus clouds located at an altitude of 20,000 feet (6,000 meters) and higher, up to 40,000 feet (12,000 meters).

These ice crystals also demonstrate a prism effect that separates white light from the sun or is reflected by the moon into various individual colors just like the atmospheric effect that creates a rainbow.

This means that lunar halos can be very lightly tinted with rainbow colors, longwave red light on the inside, and shortwave blue light on the outside. Colors in the lunar halo are often too weak to be seen with the naked eye and may be much more visible around the sun because of how much brighter it is than the moon.

The optical properties of the ice crystals also mean that they don't direct light back toward the center of a halo. This means that the sky inside a 22-degree halo can often appear darker than the surrounding sky making it appear like a "hole in the sky."

Lunar halos are often accompanied by smaller more colorful rings that are caused by refraction and reflection of light by water molecules in the atmosphere called coronas. Lunar halos aren't connected to coronas, which are around half as wide as halos with a radius of around 10 degrees, as these optical effects are caused by water droplets rather than ice crystals.

Halos with a radius of 22 degrees can also be accompanied by 46-degree radius halos, which can also occur independently too. Larger and much fainter than 22-degree halos, 46-degree halos form when sunlight enters randomly oriented hexagonal ice crystal at its face and exits through its base.

Farmers' Almanac describes lunar halos as being fairly common, meaning there is a good chance of spotting one, as long as you are willing to brave cold and possibly wet weather. That's because though lunar halos can happen at any time of year, they are more common in winter.

A moon halo can be seen with the unaided eye, but if you're looking for a telescope or binoculars to observe the moon in more detail, our guides for the best binoculars deals and the best telescope deals now can help. Our best cameras for astrophotography and best lenses for astrophotography can also help you prepare to capture an impressive lunar photo.

Because cirrus clouds are the usual suspects behind lunar halos, this optical illusion is more likely to be visible when a bright full or nearly full moon is veiled by thin cirrus clouds. This means unlike hunting other astronomical events and objects, cloudy conditions can actually be a bonus when it comes to spotting lunar halos.

This is something that has often been proven true thanks to the phenomena behind these halos. This is because cirrus clouds sometimes indicate an approaching warm front which is, in turn, associated with a low-pressure system, a storm that can carry with it a sudden drop in temperature, heavy rain, hail, and even thunder and lightning.

Ice crystals aren't the only objects that can bend light and create stunning optical illusions. Astronomical bodies much further afield than the moon like distant galaxies can be blurred, stretched, magnified, and even caused to appear at multiple points in the sky when objects of tremendous mass warp the very fabric of spacetime between them and Earth. The European Space Agency (ESA) explains the phenomenon of gravitational lensing.

Have you ever looked up and spotted a large ring of light around the sun or moon? Scientists refer to these as 22-degree halos. They got that name because the radius of the circle is always approximately 22 degrees.

These clouds contain millions of tiny ice crystals. The halos you see are caused by both refraction, or splitting of light, and also by reflection, or glints of light from these ice crystals. The crystals must be oriented and positioned just so with respect to your eye, for the halo to appear.

(b) Halos can occur anywhere on the planet during winter or summer. Their frequency depends on the frequency of cirrus coverage and whether it has had a history such that it contains halo forming crystals. The latter is hard to predict. For example, there are major differences in halo frequencies and types of halos across even 200 miles [300 km] in the U.K.

On Tuesday night, while out, I saw the clearest and most impressive moon halo I've yet seen. Do any of you have experience of photographing a moon halo with a standard DSLR (in my case, an EOS 1100D)? If so, what exposure have you had success with? I'm expecting the moon itself would be overexposed to get a clear image of the halo, but that's not so bad. Any thoughts?

I can't remember the exact exposure settings and can't find the original unedited file but I know I shot RAW with the moon correctly exposed, then pulled the halo detail out in Lightroom, even managed to pull a little detail out of the moon at such a short FL too.

I saw that as well, it was most impressive. The first thing to do is make sure you focus it correctly, I mention this because on Tuesday I didn't! I was in such a rush because halos can come and go very quickly. So disgusted I deleted the folder in annoyance, now I regret it.

After reading @Nikolai De Silva's topic A Strange Ring Around the Moon, I went outside to take a look and it really was quite incredible, so I decided to photograph it. Not having much success from home due to lighting and unattractive foreground elements, I decided to wander up to the local church and see if I could get it's spire into frame with the Moon and halo in the background. Next to the Moon is Jupiter and above the spire we have a star.

The ring is actually an optical illusion. It is caused when the moon light refracts off ice crystals in a thin veil of cirrus clouds. Those crystals create a giant lens 20,000 feet above us. They're positioned perfectly, with respect to our eyes, for the halo to appear. They are easier to see when the moon is full or almost full.

According to space.com, this ring is created by an optical illusion caused by the refraction of moonlight from ice crystals in the upper atmosphere. These little specks of ice basically turn the atmosphere into a giant lens which causes these rings to appear around either the moon or the sun.

Seen Friday, November 5th at approximately 11:00 PM in Tecumseh, MI. What is seen is a Lunar Halo; a thin cirrus cloud, called cirrostratus, that produces a halo about 24 hours before precipitation. A lunar halo is the refraction of light off tiny ice crystals in a thin cirrus cloud that produces a halo of light around the moon. Precipitation did occur in the area the following day due to an approaching warm front that also produces these cirrostratus clouds in advance of the front and serves as a reasonably good forecast guide for precipitation.

Came home tonight and observed the 22-degree halo. I thought I saw an inner halo, less ten half around 11-degrees (evidently 9-degrees). A quick search on this forum and I found an extremely recent thread proving what I saw. Thanks for the post, Dave!

Inspired by the halo of light you sometimes see around the moon. Some believe it means rain or snow is coming but scientists tell us it's caused by the refraction of light from ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere.

Instead of water droplets, a Moon halo requires ice crystals. But not just anywhere. They need to be in high-altitude clouds known as cirrus clouds, as well as cirrostratus clouds. Present at a height of 6,000 meters (20,000 feet), cirrus clouds are short hair-like clouds. During the day, when they appear, they are extremely white. ff782bc1db