Background/aim:  The use of simulators as an assessment and intervention tool for driving is an emerging field in occupational therapy. We investigated the potential usefulness of a driving simulator to improve on-road skills and cognitive functions in drivers with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Method:  Fifteen participants with PD, and Hoehn and Yahr stages between 2 and 3 participated in this pre-post comparison study. Twelve of the 15 individuals (median age (Q1-Q3), 68 (63.5-72.5); 10 men) completed 10 hours of training in a high-fidelity driving simulator. A practical road test as well as off-road cognitive and simulator tests were administered at pre-training and post-training.


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Results:  Nine participants, who passed the road test before training, passed at post-training. Furthermore, all three participants who initially failed the on-road test passed after training. Participants' performance improved significantly from pre- to post-training on two cognitive tests: (i) the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and (ii) Dot Cancellation test.

Conclusion:  This pilot study demonstrates the potential usefulness of a simulator to improve on-road driving and driving-related cognitive skills in PD. Adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed to further expand this field of study.

So I know I might not be asking this question in the right place, but am I the only one who would love to get a realistic regular driving experience like you would have on the road (with trafic and such)? Games like Pcars do a great job at being realistic graphics wise, but no game does a good job at making you feel like you own that car. Then again, maybe not a lot of people are interested in a regular driving experience.

DriveSim scenarios include real traffic and pedestrians. With this program, you will have the positiblity of doing different tours with any climatic settings, timing and adhesion: driving at dusk, on slippery surfaces, snowy environments, with rain or even practice emergency braking with and without ABS.

With DriveSim you may conduct initial training on track, practicing overtaking, driving on urban roads, service roads, roundabouts and efficient driving, among many other options.

Before the first digital simulators saw the light of day, Renault Group's prototypes were only put through physical tests (on road or testing lines) to assess performance and equipment. A costly exercise, especially when it was to put the latest technology, such as ADAS, through its paces.

In the late 1990s, lighting of vehicles was developed and validated on a simulator. Before then, multiple physical prototypes were required for any new lighting system. Launched in 1998 under the name of HELIOS (Headlight Operating System), this simulator helped reduce the number of physical prototypes needed to design new headlights, while also helping to improve their performance: range, colour consistency, and level of glare. Not to mention night tests for headlights, now possible during the day.

The simulator boasts impressive features: up to 1G of lateral and longitudinal acceleration on 25m-by-25m rails (about 10 times the area of ULTIMATE), moving speeds up to 9m/s, response time less than 30 milliseconds (compared to 250ms for ULTIMATE), a projection system inside the dome using 15 2.5K video projectors that generate both 2D and 3D 360 high-definition images.

For an added futuristic touch, entry into the dome is achieved via a closed walkway situated 4 meters above the ground. Test drivers make their way inside the simulator without ever seeing the mechanism behind the scenes, thereby guaranteeing a more immersive experience, and giving the feeling of being in a real driving situation. The vehicle cockpit placed in the dome can be changed to ensure the physical space is as similar as possible to the digital vehicle being tested.

Unlike early generation simulators, ROADS can be used to also test ADAS technology in risky driving conditions (emergency braking, trajectory control systems...) and road handling of future vehicles. Ultimately, ROADS means testing of future models in the line-up takes on a whole new dimension: more precise, faster, and above all, more immersive.

Understanding and addressing road safety problems resulting from cannabis is a complex challenge that requires insights from a variety of research fields, including pharmacology, epidemiology, and behavioral sciences, among others. While impaired driving is an international issue that affects every country (7), our understanding of driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) has largely been derived from studies conducted in higher income countries. However, important recent studies are confirming that DUIC is a road safety issue in lower income countries as well (8, 9). Studies have also focused on the impact of cannabis on drivers of automobiles. Nevertheless, it is clear that other road users, such as pedestrians and cyclists, may be under the influence of cannabis (9, 10), and the first study to assess the impact of cannabis on the injury risk of cyclists provided some evidence that cannabis may increase their risks of injuries resulting from crashes (11).

With the inauguration of a brand new 2,300 m building dedicated exclusively to digital simulation and housing most of its immersive simulators, Renault Group is equipping its engineering department with a powerful tool to enable even more robust design, while speeding up the development process for vehicles from its various brands.

For example, to assess and validate the lighting performance of our future vehicles, engineers no longer drive them at night, as simulators can faithfully reproduce both the environment and the dynamic rendering of the optics in this environment.

Renault Group has thus acquired unique expertise and co-developed numerous digital and immersive simulators. As technology has advanced, these simulators have evolved and are now capable of incorporating more and more parameters (other vehicles on the road, road conditions, weather, reflections, etc.) as well as life on board, such as the driver's physiological data (fatigue, stress, etc.).

By co-developing an exceptional simulator with AV Simulation1, ROADS (Renault Operational Advanced Driving Simulator), Renault Group is once again taking the lead in immersive simulation.

Mounted on powerful jacks and sliding on 25 x 25 metre rails, with 90 tonnes in motion and accelerations of one G on each axis, ROADS reproduces precisely and faithfully the dynamic behaviour of any vehicle in any conditions: type of road, traffic density, interactions with other vehicles, altitude, weather, luminosity, and so on.

With ROADS, engineers can assess vehicle behaviour, performance, safety and driving aids at any stage in the vehicle's development... on a completely virtual road or one that faithfully reproduces an existing road. The field of possibilities is infinite.

The so-called "massive" simulations carried out in the Cloud then subject the digital twin to millions of road situations to test it in all possible conditions. And because the human experience is essential, the ROADS immersive simulator will allow real drivers to take a seat on board the digital twin, to prove that the behaviour of the vehicle under development will meet the expectations of future customers.

UAB researchers aim to look at the value of using a driving simulator to predict on-road driving performance after TBI.Driving is one of the hallmarks of personal independence, but people who experience moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have physical and cognitive deficits that may limit their ability to return to driving. Such deficits might include response speed, maintenance of lane position, vehicle speed and stopping, response to distraction, attention to the roadway, identification of road hazards and other crash risks. A new study launched by researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation aims to examine the value of using a driving simulator to predict on-road driving performance after TBI.

The driving simulator chosen for the study is a compact and economical option for most rehabilitation centers to implement into clinical practice. It offers a series of driving scenarios designed as distinct modules to simulate a specific driving task, environment or situation that increases in visual and strategic complexity of the environment and strategic control. Participants have a first-person point of view of the interior rearview mirror and dashboard, along with full left to right exterior field of view with side mirrors.

The Human Factors Team uses field research vehicles (FRVs) to conduct research on real roadways. The FRVs include an instrumented Sport Utility Vehicle and a sedan. Both are outfitted with a data logger with controller area network (CAN bus) interface and are equipped to track GPS position and record vehicle following distance. Researchers are able to record and analyze multiple vehicle measurements, such as steering wheel angle, vehicle speed, accelerator position, brake usage, distance traveled, use of turn signals, use of steering wheel buttons, and other variables. Collecting these measurements from roadway experiments allows researchers to study and better understand driver behavior and performance.

Twenty-four experienced driver participants were treated with dronabinol (Marinol; 10 and 20 mg) and placebo. Dose-related effects of the drug on the ability to keep a vehicle in lane (weaving) and to follow the speed changes of a lead car (car following) were compared within subjects for on-the-road versus in-simulator driving. Additionally, the outcomes of equivalence testing to alcohol-induced effects were investigated. 006ab0faaa

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