The population in U.S. jails, like the Los Angeles County Men's Central Jail pictured above, has risen since the pandemic. Most jail inmates are either awaiting court action on a current charge or held in jail for other reasons. Reed Saxon/AP  hide caption

A report from the Justice Department's Bureau of Justice Statistics reveals new information about the more than 663,000 people held in custody in local jails across the country as of the first six months of 2022.


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During the COVID-19 pandemic, local jails and prisons released thousands of inmates early due to the health risks posed by the disease. Now, jails are reporting that the population has increased since.

"Though the jail population declined during the pandemic, by midyear 2022 it was back to 90% of its midyear 2019 size," said Bureau of Justice Statistics Acting Director Kevin M. Scott in a statement.

A prisoner at the Bolivar County Correctional Facility receives a Covid-19 vaccination in April 2021 in Cleveland, Miss. During the pandemic, jails and prisons released thousands of inmates. Spencer Platt/Getty Images  hide caption

Part of this increase could be due, in part, to longer jail stays for people because they cannot afford to pay high bail amounts to get conditionally released, said Monica Smith, an associate director of policy and advocacy at Vera, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization focused on criminal and legal system reform.

Vera issued a report in June showing that Texas in particular reached a new all-time high in the number of people incarcerated in local jails, due in large part to the increased use of unaffordable bonds, said Jacob Kang-Brown, a senior research fellow at Vera.

Data from the BJS reveals that, as of midyear 2022, at least 30% (or 197,000 people) of the jail population was convicted. They were in jail either serving a sentence or awaiting sentencing on a conviction, the report said.

Zeng noted that overall in the past decade, the incarceration rate of Blacks to whites has declined somewhat as the data in 2012 showed Black Americans were incarcerated in jails 4.1 times the amount of white Americans in 2012.

The number of people in jail who were Black increased 6% (up 13,700 inmates) from 2021 to 2022, accounting for more than 50% of the jail population increase during this period," the report said. That's compared to white inmates, who accounted for 26% of the increase in inmate population.

If you have been released on bail, the judge will have set certain conditions you must follow. Failing to adhere to the bail terms or engaging in criminal activity while out on pre-trial release can result in a revocation of bail. Revocation means that you can be sent back to jail and the judge may set a higher bail amount for subsequent release. More likely, you will be required to stay behind bars while you await trial. Not only that, but your bail money may be forfeit, which means the funds will not be returned to you.

FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried was sent back to a Bahamas jail Monday in a chaotic courtroom scene, after a reported plan for him to waive his extradition to the U.S. stalled. However, multiple media reports later in the day said that he had told his Bahamian lawyer to proceed with extradition hearings, and he's now expected back in court later this week.

Reports over the weekend indicated that Bankman-Fried would consent to extradition, but the former crypto billionaire told a different story Monday, demanding to see a copy of his federal indictment before agreeing to return to the U.S. He will return to Fox Hill jail rather than surrendering himself to U.S. custody.

City and county officials in charge of jail populations also failed to make the obvious choices to safely reduce populations. Legally innocent people awaiting trial in jail made up an even larger share of jail populations in both 2020 and 2021, when they should have been the first people released and diverted to depopulate crowded facilities.2 Jails also continued to hold large numbers of people for low-level offenses despite the high risk of viral transmission in jails. In both 2020 and 2021, about 1 in 4 people in jail was held for a misdemeanor or civil infraction, and about 1 in 5 had violated a condition of their probation or parole supervision.3

Sadly, most state officials ignored this evidence even as the pandemic made obvious the need to reduce the number of people trapped in prisons and jails, where COVID-19 ran rampant. Instead of considering the release of people based on their age or individual circumstances, most officials categorically refused to consider people convicted of violent or sexual offenses, dramatically reducing the number of people eligible for earlier release.17

Jussie Smollett was ordered released from jail Wednesday by an appeals court that agreed with his lawyers that he should released pending the appeal of his conviction for lying to police about a racist and homophobic attack.

In 1846, the United States saw the birth of the first correctional fee law when Michigan enacted legislation authorizing counties to charge sentenced jail inmates for the costs of medical care.3 A century and a half later in 1985, reacting to the rising costs of operating the Macomb County jail, the Sheriff and the County Board of Commissioners began collecting up to $60 a day from inmates behind bars.4 Today, the Macomb County Jail bills prisoners for: room and board, work release,5 physicals, dental visits, medication, prescriptions, nurse sick calls, and hospital medical treatment.6

The second type of inmate fee involves charging inmates for individual items such as: toilet paper, medical co-pays, dental services, meals, clothing, and other necessities. In 2009, the county jail in Maricopa County, Arizona began charging inmates $1.25 a day for meals.43 Gaston County, North Carolina, charges inmates $20 for medical and dental visits.44 Dallas County charges jail inmates $15 for most medical procedures.45 And, Collin County, Texas, charges $10 when inmates require a sick visit and $3 for each prescription.46 Many state laws allow the fees to be waived if inmates are indigent or have no funds in their inmate bank accounts.47

[F]or offenders whose crimes are usually relatively minor (carjackers should not bother) and whose bank accounts remain lofty, a dozen or so city jails across the state offer pay-to-stay upgrades. Theirs are a clean, quiet, if not exactly recherch alternative to the standard county jails, where the walls are bars, the fellow inmates are hardened and privileges are few.49

Those arguing charges incurred in jail are unconstitutional have raised Due Process and Equal Protection arguments. Many have argued that the practice violates the Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause of the Eighth Amendment. In almost all cases, the courts have sided with the agencies that implement these practices.

The incarceration rate in the U.S. has exponentially increased since 1970.124 From 1980 to 2008, the number of people incarcerated in America quadrupled from roughly 500,000 to 2.3 million people.125 This growth has created a staggering price tag. It is understandable that jails and prisons would look to offset costs for housing these individuals. However, it is unreasonable to require population whose debt to society is already being paid by the sentences imposed, 80 percent of whom are indigent, to chip in to foot the bill.

13 Laura Bauer, Some Inmates Pay for Their Crimes and Jail Stays, KansasCity.com (Apr. 24, 2009), http:// www.jocosheriff.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=47 (Maricopa County, Arizona charges inmates $1.25 a day for meals in the county jail).

53 Pay-to-Stay, City of Fullerton Police, http:// www.ci.fullerton.ca.us/depts/police/programs/jail/pay&uscore;to_stay.asp (last visited Feb. 21, 2014) (The website states that this is a fee-based program available to qualified men who have been convicted and sentenced to serve time in a city jail. They are only able to accept inmates who have been convicted of a non-violent misdemeanor crime).

72 Sickles v. Campbell Cnty., 439 F. Supp. 2d 751, 752 (E.D. Ky. 2006) (upholding the right of two jails in Kentucky to deduct money directly from commissary accounts of jail prisoners); Dean v. Lehman, 18 P.3d 523 (Wash. 2001) (upholding the legality of automatic deduction of funds from inmates accounts).

Paris Hilton's tumultuous week of being in jail, then out of jail and under house arrest, has come to an end. The heiress got a taste of the comforts of her own home for a little more than 24 hours before the judge sent her right back where she came -- jail.

Hilton was spotted crying when she was driven from her house to the court, and the crying continued in the courtroom. Despite both of her parents being there for support, she fought back tears throughout the entire proceedings. In addition, she was rocking back and forth and was visibly shaking.

Once Superior Court Judge Michael T. Sauer ordered her returned to jail to serve her entire 45-day sentence for a parole violation in a reckless driving case, Hilton completely broke down. Screaming and crying, she shouted \"Mom!\" and \"It's not right!\" She was helped physically from the room.

The sheriff ultimately yielded to the judge's wishes. Hilton was sentenced to 40 days at the Lynwood facility where she started her jail time. But if she behaves herself, she can shave off days of her sentence. Inmates are given a day off for every four days of good behavior.

The judge ordered the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department to get Hilton and bring her to court after a back-and-forth decision on whether or not she would physically show up in court. L.A. Superior Court Public Information Officer Allan Parachini said earlier in the day that Hilton would join the hearing via a conference call.

Young, who remained jailed Thursday on $10,000 bond, was allegedly in possession of a 2007 Honda CBR that had been reported stolen. The motorcycle had been painted white and black and had been wired with an ignition bypass switch. 17dc91bb1f

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