ENSO is a dominant climate variability in the tropics, which explains ~45% of SST variance in the Tropical Pacific (Hoerling and Kumar, 2002).
The change in tropical diabatic heating associated with ENSO exert substantial impacts on various weather and climate in the globe. This ENSO teleconnection provides a potential predictability for seasonal forecast.
A spatio-temporal complexity of ENSO, in turn lead to complex ENSO teleconnection. The better scientific knowledge of the ENSO teleconnection provide the better seasonal climate outlook.