Civil engineering deals with the design and construction of the public environment, working with architecture such as bridges, buildings, and roads. While architects create designs for such infrastructure, civil engineers work hands-on, making sure the structures are physically sturdy and feasible for public usage.
Building science is a field that focuses on improving the environmental condition and efficiency indoors. This study uses elements from both architecture and civil engineering in order to find ways to effectively maintain various structures.
To start off this unit we first completed the Bridge Design Kit, where we learned basic bridge design by making a Truss bridge out of paper and adding parts to it and testing how many metal nuts it can hold before breaking. To the left is an image of the final bridge: it could hold 19 metal nuts.
Next, we learned how to use ModelSmart3D, a bridge design software, to test the strengths of various bridge designs. To the right are pictures of a 3-foot balsawood truss bridge that can hold up to 200 pounds of weight!
For the bridge designer we had to create and simulate a bridge that could withstand a truck passing over. In order to minimize costs we had to place hollow tubes in precise locations and customize the sizes of various parts of the truss. This video shows the truck being able to pass over the bridge safely and our tension/compression strength low enough to not break.
Using Tinkercad, we were able to create rough 3D designs of our bridges to help provide us a better understanding into what our bridge would look like before we create it physically, and how we can make it both structurally stable as well as attractive. As seen in the picture, we went through multiple designs, starting with a simple table-like design to a stronger arch bridge, combining techniques of both arch and cable bridges. However, given our materials and the intense difficulties needed to take in order to create such a bridge, this was not feasible for us. Later, we created a design for a truss bridge, something similar to the last bridge in the image. This worked out the best for us, working out to be extremely strong and secure. We replicated this bridge using wood to create our final physical bridge.
First we drew out a rough design of what our bridge would look like on the board and calculated all the measurements and how many pieces of wood/what their lengths would be for each part of the bridge. This allowed us to cut the wood before we built and for us to make a more planned out design.
We also simlulated our bridge on ModelSmart3D to detect what spots of the bridge were under the most stress and needed more support. As seen above, the simulation noticed that the trusses on the edge needed the most support, so we added extra beams upon seeing that.
The building process took a long time since we wanted stronger pieces of wood, so we cut multiple pieces of wood and glued them together before sticking them to the base, creating a stronger material instead of spending time on miniscule design fixes.
Here is our completed bridge!