Orthopedic injuries not only occur because of trauma but several conditions affect them silently and show up when they become severe. As they don’t show any symptoms, it’s hard to diagnose. However, regular bone density scans can help detect such orthopedic issues. For that, a bone density scan is performed. 

In this post, we will talk about the bone density scan (DEXA) performed to check bone health and diagnose orthopedic problems like osteopenia and osteoporosis. Such conditions are complicated and if unnoticed, can result in recurring fractures. Sometimes, it may also become difficult to apply locking plates and screws. Let us start with a brief introduction to the bone density test. 

What is a Bone Density Test?

Also known as DEXA, DXA, or bone densitometry, it is a type of radiological test that measures the mineral content of bones in certain areas of our body. This test is the best way to detect bone loss with aging. It is also prescribed to diagnose osteoporosis and osteopenia. 

After a certain age, everyone must periodically undergo a bone density test with an orthopedics consultation. Let us have a detailed look at DEXA. 

What is DEXA Scan?

Abbreviated for dual x-ray absorptiometry, a DEXA is a medical imaging test that measures bone density including thickness and strength. During the examination, the healthcare service provider passes high and low-energy x-ray beams into the body. This is usually done for the spine and hip joints. This test is non-invasive and painless. 

How does DEXA Scan Work?

The healthcare service provider will ask you to lie on the DEXA x-ray table during the scan. After that, he will help you position correctly using positioning devices like foam blocks. Lying in a desired position is important to get correct results.

Now, the arms of the DEXA machine will pass over your body. Two different x-ray beams are used during the examination. Very little radiation is used by the beams to ensure the safety of the test and easily differentiate bone from other tissues. 

After this, the scanner will translate the data in the form of pictures and graphs. The bone appears in white and other structures like fat and muscle tissues appear as shadows in the background on the monitor of the machine. 

An experienced technician will then review the results before the reports are given to the patient. 

Who is Eligible for DEXA Scan?

Healthcare providers evaluate various factors before suggesting a DEXA scan to assess bone density. Individuals over 50 are often recommended this test to determine their risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Additionally, DEXA scans are performed for those with health conditions that can impact bone health.

Here are several conditions for which the healthcare service provider may recommend DEXA:

• Increasing age

• Family history of osteoporosis or any bone-related condition

• Previous fractures

• If the person is on certain medications like cancer drugs or steroids

• Chronic medical conditions that put bones at risk 

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