March 27-28, 2024

Dutch Days of Combinatorics

Turing Zaal, Amsterdam Science Park Congress Centre

Abstracts

 Below one finds the title and abstract of the plenary speakers, short talks, and lightning talks.

 

Plenary speakers

Aida Abiad Monge
On eigenvalue bounds for the independence and chromatic number of graph powers and its applications

Spectral graph theory looks at the connection between the eigenvalues of a matrix associated with a graph and the corresponding structures of a graph.  In this talk we will show how spectral methods provide a handy tool for obtaining results concerning the structure of graphs.

In particular, we will derive eigenvalue bounds on several NP-hard distance-type graph parameters such as the independence number and the distance chromatic number of graph powers (where the k-th graph power is a graph which has the same vertex set as the original graph G, with two vertices adjacent if and only if they are at distance at most k in G).

We will then see how to use polynomials and mixed integer linear programming in order to optimize such bounds. Some infinite families of graphs for which the new bounds are tight will be shown. Finally,  some applications to other fields like coding theory will be discussed.

Dion Gijswijt
Turán numbers of affine geometries slides 

For a fixed graph H, the Turán number ex(n,H) is the maximum number of edges of an n-vertex graph G without H as a subgraph. If H is nonbipartite, the Erdős-Stone-Simonovits theorem states that ex(H,n) is roughly a constant times n2, where the constant is a function of the chromatic number of H. If H is bipartite, the situation is markedly different. The Turán number ex(H,n) is only O(n2c) for a constant c<1, and few exact asymptotics are known.

In this lecture, we consider the analogous question for subsets of a finite vector space Fqn that do not contain a fixed configuration H. There is a geometric Erdős-Stone-Simonovits theorem that gives the right asymptotics for projective configurations with critical number χ≥3. The case χ=2 (affine configurations) is again much less well-understood and will be the focus of the talk.

We will use the Croot-Lev-Pach lemma to show that for a large class of affine configurations the Turán number ex(H,n) is of the form O(qnc) for some c<1 (analogous to the case of bipartite graphs.) A prominent example is the famous Cap Set Problem, which corresponds to the configuration consisting of three points on a line. It is an open problem whether it is true for all affine configurations.

Jan van den Heuvel
Two times Erdős-Ko-Rado; or bipartite subgraphs in Kneser graphs

Intersecting set systems have been, and still are, one of the most-studied type of set systems. A family of sets is intersecting if any two of them have a non-empty intersection. If this family is formed by some k-element subsets from an n-element groundset, then the famous Erdős-Ko-Rado theorem gives an upper bound on the size of such a family.

Another way to interpret this result (and similar ones) is by using Kneser graphs. The Kneser graph Kn(n,k) has as vertex set all k-subsets of an n-set, and two vertices are joined by an edge if they are disjoint. Looking at it this way, the Erdős-Ko-Rado theorem gives an upper bound on the size of the largest independent set in a Kneser graph.

Suppose that instead of just one intersecting family of k-subsets from an n-set, we want to know how large the union of two intersecting families can be. This corresponds to looking for the largest induced bipartite subgraph in the Kneser graph Kn(n,k).

Surprisingly, we don't know in all cases what such a subgraph looks like. In the talk I give an idea of what is known, and discuss some new results (and conjectures).

This is joined work with Xinyi Xu.

Raffaella Mulas
Laplacians and colors for graphs and hypergraphs

In the first part of the talk we will discuss some properties of the normalized Laplacian for graphs and hypergraphs, as well as an application to networks of genetic expression. We will then talk about the non-backtracking Laplacian for graphs, and we will discuss some connections between Laplacians and coloring numbers.

 

Short talks

Noela Müller
The hitting time of clique factors slides 

In 2022, Jeff Kahn gave the strongest possible, affirmative, answer to Shamir's problem, which had been open since the late 1970s: Let r be an integer greater than 2 and let n be divisible by r. Then, in the random r-uniform hypergraph process on n vertices, as soon as the last isolated vertex disappears, a perfect matching emerges. In the talk, I will explain the context and ``extension’’ of this result to the appearance of a clique factor in the random graph process: At the time that the last vertex joins a copy of the complete graph K_r, the random graph process contains a K_r-factor.


The proof of the latter result draws on a novel sequence of couplings which embeds the random hypergraph process into the cliques of the random graph process. We also prove an analogous result for clique factors in the  s-uniform hypergraph process (where s is at least 3).


Thie talk is based on joint work with Annika Heckel, Marc Kaufmann and Matija Pasch.

Sander Gribling
Quantum graph parameters slides 


Consider two separated parties that each perform some experiment. Depending on the resources given to the two parties, e.g. shared randomness or various models of quantum systems, the parties can achieve different sets of correlations between their measurement outcomes. Studying these sets is a fundamental problem object in quantum information theory, related to (recently resolved) conjectures of Tsirelson and Connes. 


In this talk, we will see how quantum versions of graph parameters can be used to study such sets of correlations. After discussing their relation to some well-known graph parameters, I will mention some odd and beautiful results (by others). Finally, I will state some open problems. No knowledge of quantum information theory is assumed. 

Jorn van der Pol
Triangles in graphs and geometries

Matroids are geometric objects that generalise aspects of independence in graphs and therefore allow us to study graphs using geometric tools.

We explore how this connection may shed light on a conjecture of Tuza's (1981) on minimum edge-sets whose removal makes the graph triangle-free.

The results in this talk are based on joint work with Kazuhiro Nomoto. No knowledge of matroid theory is assumed.

Mark Jones
A Wild Sheep Chase through an Orchard

In phylogenetics, orchard networks are directed acyclic graphs that can be reduced according to some simple 'cherry-picking' rules. We consider the problem of deciding whether an undirected graph has an orchard orientation. Using an alternate characterization of orchard networks as out-trees with additional 'horizontal' edges, we show that this problem is NP-hard. This talk is based on joint work with Jordan Dempsey, Leo van Iersel, Yuki Murakami and Norbert Zeh.

 

Lightning talks

Wednesday

Adrian Rettich -- Measurable Domination on Uncountable Graphs slides 

Hannah van Santvliet -- Hall's Theorem and why combinatorics is relevant to the SAT problem slides 


Jan Bok -- Resolving Sets in Temporal Graphs slides 


Karla Leipold -- Computing the EHZ capacity is NP-Hard slides 


Khallil Berrekkal -- Weak Spatial Mixing For The Potts Model on The d-ary Tree


Lander Verlinde -- Exploration of the Ball-Serra Bound for Grid Coverings slides 


Lies Beers -- At the end of the spectrum slides 


Linpeng Zhang -- Connected Turan number of path in hypergraph slides 


Mikhail Hlushchanka -- Regularisation of bipartite graphs slides 


Otto Sumray -- Quiver Laplacians and their Spectra slides 

 

Paul Bastide --Distance reconstruction slides 


Sjanne Zeijlemaker -- A unified framework for the Expander Mixing Lemma for irregular graphs and its applications slides 



Thursday

Alexandros Leivaditis -- Branchwidth is (1,g)-self-dual slides 


Bas van der Beek -- Interplanetary cartography: The Earth-Moon problem slides 


David Mikšaník -- Borodin-Kostochka conjecture and related problems slides 


Helena Petri -- Roman domination and subtrees slides 


Krisztina Szilágyi -- XNLP-hardness of Parameterized Problems on Planar Graphs slides 


Michelle Sweering -- Colouring squares of random graphs slides 


Mike de Vries -- Lily pad numbers slides 


Nikola Jedličková -- On the Structure of Hamiltonian Graphs with Small Independence Number slides 


Robin Simoens -- The zero forcing number of Hamming graphs slides 


Sam Adriaensen -- Points below a parabola in affine planes of prime order slides 


Thijs van Veluw -- Hoffman colorings slides 


Yanna Kraakman -- Sampling random directed hypergraphs slides