Historic timeline

Periods in the area:

• Precambrian to Pleistocene: -4600 - -2.48 my
• Paleolithic -2.48 my – -8500 years
• Neolithic -8500 - -4500
• Chalcolithic -4500 - -3500
• Early Bronze Age -3500 - -2200
• Intermediate Bronze Age -2200 - -2000
• Middle Bronze Age -2000 - -1550
• Late Bronze Age -1550 - -1200
• Iron Age I -1200 - -1000
• Iron Age II -1000 - -586
• Babylonian -586 - -538
• Persian -538 - -332
• Hellenistic -332 - -63 (-167)
  • Hasmonean -167 - -63 (-37)
• 2nd T Roman -63 - +70
  • Herodian -37 - -4 (+44 Agripa I)
• Late Roman 70 - 324
• Byzantine 324 - 638
  • Sassanid 614 - 629
• Pre-Umayyad (4 Righteous Caliphs) 638 - 661
• Umayyad 661 - 750
• Abbasid 750 - 969
• Fatimid 969 - 1099
  • Seljuq 1071 - 1098
• Crusader 1099 - 1291
  • Ayyubid 1187 - 1260
• Mamluk 1260 - 1516
• Turkish / Ottoman 1516-1917
  • Mohamed Ali 1831-1840
  • Late Ottoman 1840-1917
• British Mandate 1917-1948
• Israel +1948