"It is one of the traditional dances in Akita, Odate city, preserving around 300 years.”
-Chihiro KARIYA
Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance was started in 1735, Kyoho 20 years in the Edo Period. It is said that this lion dance was of such high standing that it could even be performed before the lord of the Satake domain. Satake family had ruled Akita for around 270 years from 1602, after the battle of Sekigahara in 1600.
Although there are many types of lion dance, they have a common legend of origin. The theory is that the lion dance spread following the Satake clan’s transfer to a new domain from Hitachi, the current Ibaragi prefecture, to Akita. When the Satake clan was transferred, their retainers performed the Shishi Dance to entertain them during the journey, and these retainers then passed down the tradition to various regions.
Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance is also called "Matsuki Shishi Odori" because the dance was performed in the Matsuki community in Odate City. "Matsuki Shishi Odori Preservation Committee" made an effort to maintain this tradition.
Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance is a "three-lion dance," in which a single performer dances as a single lion, wearing a lion head mask. It has around 15 types of dance, and three of them, Kandachi-odori, Kito-odori, and Kaigan-odori, were recorded as the most profound and important ones. However, only Kuyo-odori has been preserved.
Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance is centered around the Three-Lion Dance and consists of various roles, including the Yakko Odori, staff combat, and Hayashi performance. It is said that Yakko Odori has over 16 types, and staff combat has 25 types for performance from two schools, "Shintou-ryu" and "Toda-ryu". Unfortunately, almost none of them have been passed down. Hayashi, who is in charge of the music part, includes drums and flutes.
In addition to horns, lion head masks feature a decoration between the eyebrows; one wears a full moon, one wears a half moon, and the other wears a half moon and a sword.
It is held during the Bon festival in August, for the purpose of welcoming ancestral spirits, praying for a bountiful harvest, and warding off pestilence.
YouTube Video of
“Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance,”showing the performance. (Japanese only)
by Akita Minzoku Geino (2012)
I have never seen or heard about "Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance" before, so this website-making project was stimulating. What I was surprised by was the scarcity of information. I found only one video of "Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance" and a few texts about it. In addition to many dance moves and staff fighting forms being lost, the lack of information about this dance also indicates that this lion dance is facing a crisis of disappearing. Not only for "Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance", but also for other traditional dances, it is difficult to preserve traditional cultures over a long period.
I have watched "Shishimai," the lion dance, that visits my grandparents' house every New Year's Day. In "Shishimai," it is believed that if the lion bites your head, it brings you good luck and protects you from evil. I would like to deepen more weather "Shishimai" and "Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance" are related to each other or not.
Akita International University. (n.d.). Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance. Akita Folkloric Performance Art Archives. https://www.akita-minzoku-geino.jp/archives/ja/4298/
Akita Minzoku Geino. (2012, November 7). Dai Kanto-ryu Karajishi Odori [Dai-Kantō Chinese Lion Dance]. [Youtube]. https://youtu.be/r7u_u374lcM?si=kslRiWW1YZgIQGy8
The Senshu Bunko Museum. (n.d.). Satakeshi ni tsuite [About the Lord of Satake]. https://www.senshu-bunko.or.jp/satake_familyhistory.html
Tanabe, G. (2016). Akita no Shishi Odori ni densho sareru geino bujutsu- sonrakushakai ni okeru bujutsu densho heno kosatsu [The folk martial arts handed down with Shishi-odori dance in Akita: A study of martial arts transmission in village society]. Japan Journal of Sport Anthropology, 18, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.7192/santhropology.2016.18_1