Tasks for 2.1: Study the slides here and the resources on the IRAC Mode of Action webpage For an appreciation of the timeline of insecticide discovery and development, see Section 3.1 Animated gifs are used only to illustrate content: please download the pdf version to study at your own pace.

IRAC: One of the major and most usefully maintained resources for understanding chemical insecticides, modes of action and resistance is from the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee IRAC https://irac-online.org/ "The role of  IRAC is prolonging the effectiveness of insecticides, acaricides and traits by implementing insecticide resistance management strategies, countering the development of resistance in the three core sectors of traditional Crop Protection, Plant Biotechnology and Public Health." Some of the key parts of the IRAC website are referenced here but for full context please refer to IRAC website directly.