Does the chirping of cricket cricketers form a pleasing accompaniment to the thock! of bat on ball? Do two high-pitched short, sharp chirps denote "Howzat!"? Which type of the four cricket songs (calling song, courting song, aggressive song, copulatory song) do the spectators sing when a wicket falls or when a century is scored or when the Shahid Afridi of the cricket cricketing world steps onto the field?
As I think this, it occurs to me that there is no game in the world that has its sounds more fetishised: the clatter of wickets, the Howzat! and especially the sound of leather on willow. Tennis produces sounds no less distinctive, yet I've never heard rhapsodies about the sound of rubber on gut. But if some cricket sounds are universal, there are others that are specific to nations - and when you leave the nation in which your cricketing self grew up and travel somewhere else, there is always loss in the soundscape.
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I was struck by this the first time I took my sister to Lord's. It was an ODI - West Indies v England. The sun shone, the result remained in doubt until the final over, and Brian Lara did those things of beauty that only Brian Lara could do with a bat in hand. But when we returned home I heard my sister on the phone to a friend saying the day was "a bit boring". What more did you want the players to do, I asked? She said, "not the players. The spectators." Then she said, "It doesn't feel as if you're at a cricket match without the empty water bottles."
She was right, of course. If you're from Karachi the sound of spectators drumming empty water bottles onto the chair backs in front of them, increasing in tempo with the fast bowler's run-up - that is cricket. Replace it with the popping of champagne corks and the sounds of stainless steel thermos caps being unscrewed and the game is a different game, one that's less populist, less inclusive, less passionate. Let me make it clear that high volume in itself is not an indication of passion. The incessant horn-blowing at cricket matches in some parts of the UK when Pakistan turn up to play I regard as an affront. Those horns aren't part of the soundscape of cricket - instead, they decimate the soundscape. Because here's the really crucial part about the rising-tempo bottle-thumping of Karachi's National Stadium: it stops the moment the bowler releases the ball, so that nothing muffles that sweet sound of clattering wickets or straight drives struck down the ground.
I wonder if that's really true. Those memories of watching the national team play in Karachi are all wrapped up in the golden glow of nostalgia. Perhaps the ball's release didn't have the effect of a conductor flicking his baton, marking the precise moment when the percussionists in the stands hand over to the pianist on the pitch. Perhaps we were rowdier, more self-involved, less attentive than I recall. My memory is warped by the need for elegy. When the Pakistan team plays its international matches now there's silence in the National Stadium - except, perhaps, for the occasional chirp of a cricket.
Snickometer technology uses sensitive microphones that are connected to a device called an oscilloscope, which is used to measure sound. During gameplay, the snickometer picks up on the various sounds that occur, and the oscilloscope measures the sound waves recorded.
The development of new technologies has affected practically every aspect of life, including sports and athletic performance. Snickometer technology has improved the accuracy of determining the results of a particular play. This means that because of this type of cricket technology, judges and spectators are better able to decide the outcome of plays that would otherwise be unreliable to judge on sight alone.
As such, they can better determine the accuracy of a claim and make choices that reflect the actions of the teams and players involved. It enhances the fairness and analytical capabilities of the game.
A snickometer is only one of many technological innovations used in sports to improve how spectators enjoy the game and how industry professionals analyze the gameplay itself. Thanks to the capture and analysis of sound, it has become easier than ever to determine true contact or a missed swing.
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A microphone in the stumps picks up the sound and this is cleaned up to remove ambient noise by filtering. [2] What is displayed on the screen is what you might see on an oscilloscope or in a piece of music technology software. If the ball hits nothing, then the snicko graph shows nothing.
The two graphs here are some scientific measurements. [3] If the ball hits the bat (left graph), then the wood of the bat vibrates creating a clean sharp spike and a short sound is heard. If the pad or glove is hit, the impact is spread over a longer time, and with no wood to cleanly resonate the sound is usually intense (right graph). Where there is more than one sound, say if the bat also hits the ground, then synchronising the acoustic plots to slow-mo video replays can help reveal what the ball hit.
What sound is made if the ball misses the bat by say a few thousandths of an inch, compressing the air between the two objects which then expands?
Could this explain a sound but no mark on hot spot?
Hi
Thanks for the response
The reason I contacted you is that I am trying to take the guesswork out of it.
The way I envisage is the old tried and tested way-by experiment
A project for one of your students maybe?
Does Snicko take into account the distance the ball or bat is from the mic? It seems that in order to be accurate, it would need to have varying sync depending on the distance the ball is from the mic.
Snickometer, commonly known as Snicko, is a system used in cricket to determine whether the ball edged[a] the bat, for a potential dismissal such as a catch or leg before wicket. It does this by showing a frame-by-frame replay of the footage of the ball passing the bat alongside a waveform displaying the soundwave of an oscilloscope connected to a sensitive microphone near the stumps.[1] The newer version currently in use is called Real Time Snickometer (RTS) and does not need to be manually synchronized for every piece of footage, making the process much faster.[2] It was initially used for the broadcast team to attempt to determine whether the ball hit the bat and therefore if the umpire gave the correct decision. It is now also used for DRS reviews when the third umpire needs to determine whether the ball hit the bat, such as for when a ball is caught behind and the batsman might have edged the ball, or in the case of leg before wicket, where the batsman is not out lbw if the ball has hit the bat (or glove) before it hit their body. It is used for this purpose in tandem with Hot Spot. It was invented by English computer scientist Allan Plaskett in the mid-1990s. The snickometer was introduced by Channel 4 in the UK, who also introduced the Hawk-Eye and the Red Zone,[3][4] in 1999.[5]
The Snickometer is used in a slow motion television replay by the third umpire or broadcasters to determine if the cricket ball touched the cricket bat. The soundwave appears next to the slow motion, frame by frame replay. If there is a sound of leather on willow, which is usually a short sharp sound producing a sharp waveform, in synchrony with the ball passing the bat, then the ball is deemed to have hit the bat. If the spike on the waveform comes too late or early, it is determined that the spike was not caused by the ball hitting the bat. Other sounds such as the ball hitting the batsman's pads, or the bat hitting the pitch, and so on, tend to have a less sharp shape on the sound waveform, so it can be determined with some accuracy what contact made the sound.[6]
When the Decision Review System (DRS) was introduced to test cricket, initially Snicko was not considered accurate enough, and so another edge detecting tool Hot Spot was used. In 2013, an improved Snicko called the Real Time Snickometer, which was more reliable and faster to use, was used for first time for DRS in the 2013-14 Ashes series.[7]
The system relies on users to tell the difference between a contact between bat and ball, and other contact which has a more flat waveform such as bat on pad or ball on pad. It is easier to tell where the ball contacted precisely with Hot Spot, but that system has the disadvantage of needing a clear angle, which is sometimes obstructed by a fielder or umpire.[8]
Technology has become a major part of cricket these days. A prime example of this was visible in the India vs Australia T20I at Mohali. During the 11th over of the first innings, India's right-arm pacer Umesh Yadav got two wickets, and both these wickets were determined with the help of ultra-edge technology.
When Steve Smith's decision was reviewed, ultra-edge showed that there was a slight touch of the bat with the ball. Later, in the same over, Glenn Maxwell too had to depart in the same way. He had edged the ball and the umpire had given him not out. The decision was once again reviewed, with the ultra edge technology, it was seen that there was a slight edge from the bat. Maxwell, too had to depart like Smith.
If you looke at both the dismissals with a naked eye, it would appear that the ball didn't touch the bat. It was only in the ultra-edge view that it was established that the ball had indeed touched the bat.
What is ultra-edge technology? Ultra edge is an advanced version of Snickometer which is used for edge detection. The technology, Snickometer, was first invented by a British computer scientist Allan Plaskett and it was used in 1999 by UK's Channel 4. 152ee80cbc
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