The price of copper fluctuates. Between 2002 and 2011, there were times when its price was lower than \$1.00 per pound and other times when its priace was higher than \$4.00 per pound. Copper pennies minted between 1962 and 1982 are 95% copper and 5% zinc by weight, and each penny weighs 3.11 grams. At what price per pound of copper does such a penny contain exactly one cent worth of copper? (There are 454 grams in one pound.)

Pennies have a monetary face value of one cent, but they are made of material that has a market value that is usually different. It is the value of the materials that requires attention in this problem. While it is interesting to compare the face value with the value of the materials, this does not have any bearing on the calculations. Interference between these two notions of value is a possible area of difficulty for some students.

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The listed weight is 3.11 grams, with a tolerance of .13 grams. I would think a cent would need to be off by a bit more than that tolerance to be slabbed as an error, but you could send them an email or repost in the "Ask NGC" forum to get a definite answer from them.

Thanks. I am new to this forum stuff and will try " "Ask NGC". Any and all information is helpful. I see lesser weighs on NGC slabs but they are also off metal planchets which brings up another question. Would a 93% Copper, 5% Zinc, 2% Tin Lincoln cent be considered an error?

The RedBook gives a standard composition of 95% copper and 5% zinc and tin. I am not sure if a 2% variance is enough to constitute an error or not, but my gut says no. Again, one of the experts, such as DW Lange or Conder101 would probably know the answer to that question, as well.

"NGC does not recognize as mint error coins those with minor die chips, breaks and rotations, etc., that fall within our interpretation of mint tolerance. The determination of what constitutes a mint error is at the discretion of NGC. Hopefully, this information will clarify whether your coin is a variety or mint error. "

Who is this Conder101 that changed the tolerance from 0.13 to 0.4? You know this reminds me of similar situations I have seen before. Discredit something long enough while hoarding it and then one day present evidence to the contrary and cash in on it. Sometimes even a generation later. Something is not right here!

You misunderstood me, the tolerance IS .13 grams, but until the weight is about .4 gram out of the tolerance range it will not normally command any significant premium. A cent the weighs say 3.26 grams is out of tolerance and is technically an error but it isn't worth anything. A cent that weighs 3.55 grams, about .3 grams outside the tolerance range would be worth a small premium. But get the weight to 3.65 gramsor more and the premiums will start to become significant.

Thank you for clarifying. The main issue here is at what weight does NGC consider it an error. What is their rule book? If the Mint tolerance is 0.13, what is NGCs number? If 0.4, why over three times higher that the Mint? The market is rarely rational, especially when the economy is good, so money predictions aside, after all people are paying many times face value for common items in this hobby all the time. NGC is not supposed to be in the business of market manipulation but a number over three times higher than the Mint sure sounds like manipulation to me.

I have a shinny brass Lincoln cent with a 3.24g weight and Brass metal composition by definition, but it resides in a normal slab despite the major differences from a normal cent. That is not right! Any normal collector would want to know this important information. It is so unusual that I am unable to find another to compare it to save for a Panama Planchet error. It's probably one in a million, or close to it. PMG grades paper money as error when the BEP considers it to be and even in minor situations that the BEP does not, so why are Lincoln error tolerances so different? Are Nickels and Quarters the same, percentage wise? Does a nickel have to be over 0.6 grams before it is an error. Would anyone happen to you know the mint tolerance for metal composition as written by the Mint?

I know the NGC number is high because I sent a 1953 in that weighed 2.72 grams and they refused to label it an error stating that it is normal in weight. So either they did not weigh it, or their tolerances are indeed over three times higher than the U.S. Mint.

Aside from having a cent that you think should have been classified as an error, and was not, I'm not sure what the particular problem that you are having is, but that response was completely unnecessary, in my opinion.

I wonder how many pennies one has to search thru before finding one 3 times under the Mint Tolerance? If it's one in a 500,000, which is probably true in today's change. Then it's special. A WWII vet had this penny in a 2x2 labeled "Thin Planchet" which is why I weighed it and had it graded. He spent much time searching Lincoln cents in his lifetime and acquired many of them but only one at 2.7 Grams. He even had two 1909-S V.D.B.. From what I have seen these do sell for decent amount when labeled properly. For there to be a market for something there has to be a supply. When TPGs refuse to label these, they hurt the market and steal from the customer. Not only did I pay the Tier price, I paid the error fee, and since the Metallurgic Analysis has a Weight section, I paid for that too. After all those costs, NGS failed to supply me with the weight other than saying " The reason the weight of the coin was not placed on the label is because they weighed it and it weighed within the range of a normal planchet. ". THIS IS A COMPLETE LIE! I added a picture of this coin on one of the three scales I tested it on. I even contacted several people about this and one well respected expert said " A weight of 2.7 grams is well below tolerances. The coin should have been labeled as "struck on rolled-thin planchet" My uncle works for FOX news and wants me to do an interview so he can possibly put this on the evening news. This coin was sent to NGC twice! It just dawned on me, these graders know coins that don't make the grade are dumped on places like ebay or etsy. So, I would not be surprised if they deny and under grade coins on purpose only to scoop them up later for cheap. Now that's a shot.

Just because you paid for an educated opinion and did not receive confirmation of your own thoughts does not automatically condemn the service provider. They provided a service and rendered an opinion based on the conventions of the hobby. You just happen to not agree with it. Furthermore, the conspiracy theory you insinuated at the end is completely unsubstantiated and way out of line. NGC and their employees are prohibited from trading commercially. Even if they were as corrupt as you insinuate, the idea that they wait for the unsuspecting submitter to list the coin on eBay is absolutely absurd. By all means, talk to your uncle, but given the general collecting community has little to no interest, I sincerely doubt that the general public would either.

Maybe there is a lack of demand because there is a lack of supply to sell or Market. People don't know what they want until they see it. I spend well over $100,000 a year at auctions so I know this to be true. I sent these coins in based on NGC advertising and past graded examples I have seen. I found several a NGC slabbed coins with weight on them including a1940-S Lincoln that says 2.9g, cert 012386-006. My 2.7 gram coin is an error and should be treated as such regardless of market demand. NGC certainly should not lie to their customer and say it was normal weight. They can pull number grades out of thin air as that is an opinion but the weight is a scientific fact that can't be made up. If a customer pays over a $100 for a coin I would think asking for or including the weight would not be too much to ask for, especially when there is a line for it in the process or report. If that line was not in the report, I would not have bothered with some of the coins. I feel like I took my car in for new breaks and they only did half of it while telling me it was a complete job.

NGC advertises" If the analysis indicates that the coin has a non-standard metal composition, the three most abundant non-trace metals present on the coin's surface and the weight of the tested coin will appear on the NGC certification label. " Since 95% Copper and 5% Zinc is standard, common sense tells me 93% 5% 2% is not and NGC should have done as advertised. There is a huge disconnect between what they advertise, what they have done, and what they are doing. If NGC does not fix these then PCGS or ANACS will be asked to. I am also getting a second Metallurgic Test done because I have absolutely No trust in NGC after this experience and after being told by an expert (who shall remain nameless) that " If you're expecting accuracy from the grading services, you will end up bitterly disappointed. "

They Did Not rendered an opinion based on the conventions of the hobby. They left out important information that was or is normally included in the hobby. Why, I don't know. For some reason the Test results were left out of the second mailing and later found in the file when I asked for them. Maybe the graders never saw the test results and that is the problem. 152ee80cbc

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