• print() - Outputs a message to the output console

• wait() - Pauses the execution of the script for a specified amount of time

• string.sub() - Returns a specific substring of a string

• math.abs() - Returns the absolute value of a number

• table.sort() - Sorts the elements of a table

• Instance.new() - Creates a new instance of a class

• game.GetService() - Returns a service object

• script.Parent - Returns the parent object of a script

• _G - Global variable table

• math.pi - The constant value of pi

• Enum - Table containing enumeration values

• Color3 - Table containing color values

• Vector3 - Table for 3D vectors

• CFrame - Table for Coordinate Frame values

• UDim2 - Table for 2D size and position values

• game.Players - Table of all players in the game

• game.Workspace - Table of all objects in the game's workspace

• script.Parent - The parent object of a script

• Instance properties - Properties of an object, such as Position or Parent

• Instance methods - Methods that can be called on an object, such as :Clone() or :BreakJoint()

• Events - Events that can be connected to, such as Player.PlayerAdded or Part.Touched

• Enumerations - Constants for sets of named values, such as Enum.Material.Plastic

--Example of a basic function

function printHello()

print("Hello, World!")

end

--Example of a function with parameters

function addNumbers(num1, num2)

local sum = num1 + num2

print(sum)

end

--Example of a for loop

for i = 1, 10 do

print(i)

end

--Example of a while loop

local count = 0

while count < 5 do

print(count)

count = count + 1

end

--Example of a basic array

local myArray = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

--Example of an array with mixed data types

local mixedArray = {1, "hello", false, 5.5}

--Example of an array with keys and values

local keyValueArray = {["name"] = "John", ["age"] = 25}