Effects Of Green Production On Effective Exchange Rate In Iran: PARTICULAR Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Saeed Iranmanesh, PHD student, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

ABSTRACT

In this paper macroeconomic data related to the Islamic Republic of Iran have been analyzed and analyzed. These data have been obtained from the World Bank. Raw data related to the Islamic Republic of Iran for the period (1993-2017). The purpose of this paper is to obtain effective exchange rate data in the Islamic Republic of Iran that is affected by green production. For this purpose, a series of indicators is needed to estimate the effective exchange rate data analysis model. The models are indicators of the degree of openness of the economy, the size of the government, and green production as variables that process data. The raw data used in this article are: effective exchange rate, export, import, government expenditure, production. GDP, foreign direct investment, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and inflation have been used. Effective exchange rates have the potential to be used in future foreign exchange market research. In addition, effective exchange rates that are influenced by green production can have environmental implications for a countrys foreign exchange market.

KEYWORDS

Effective Exchange Rate, Green Production, Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm, Optimization.

The Future of Online Learning using Artificial Intelligence

Yew Kee Wong, School of Information Engineering, HuangHuai University, Henan, China

ABSTRACT

Online learning is the emerging technique in education and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Traditional learning is a complex process as learning patterns, approach, skills and performance varies from person to person. Adaptive online learning focuses on understanding the learner’s performance, skills and adapts to it. The use of advanced technology also provides a means to analyse the behavioural learning pattern. As it provides the detailed skill mapping and performance which enables the learner to understand the areas needs to be improved. The information can also be used by assessors to improve the teaching approach. Advanced online learning system using artificial intelligence is an emerging concept in the coming years. In this new concept, the classes are not taken face-to-face in a classroom but through an electronic medium as a substitute. These virtual learning approach are gaining importance every day and very soon they are going to be an integral part of our world. Taking up these virtual learning through an electronic medium is termed as online learning. We proposed two new models which are powered by artificial intelligence (AI) tools. A number of examples of using these new models are presented.

KEYWORDS

Analysis Algorithm, Artificial Intelligence, Hybrid Integrated Model, Online Learning, Progressive Response Learning.

Comparison between Rule-Based and Tree based Approaches for Inductive Learning: Id3 and Ila as a Case

Mahmoud Alfayoumi, Dania Refai And Saleh Abu-soud, Department of Computer Science, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman, Jordan

ABSTRACT

One of the most important approaches in machine learning is known as inductive learning, which has the ability to produce general rules from decision tables or from historical examples in the form of a decision tree or a list of rules. In this study, two inductive learning approaches, decision tree, and iterative search, were discussed and compared by comparing two algorithms, one for each approach, ID3, and ILA respectively. The experimental results presented the difference between the two algorithms by explaining the behaviour of each algorithm, the number of extracted rules, the generality in rules induction, and the effect of the number of decision labels in the training set on the accuracy of the extracted rules.

KEYWORDS

Inductive Learning, Machine Learning; ID3, ILA, Rule Induction, Iterative search, Decision Tree.

Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning Approaches Applied to Facial Expressions Recognition

Enrico Randellini, Leonardo Rigutini, Claudio Saccà, QuestIT Research Lab, Siena (Italy)

ABSTRACT

The face expression is the first thing we pay attention to when we want to understand a person’s state of mind. Thus, the ability to recognize facial expressions in an automatic way is a very interesting research field. Because the small size of available train datasets, we apply geometrical transformations and build from scratch GAN models able to generate new synthetic images for each emotion type. On the augmented datasets we fine tune pretrained convolutional neural networks as VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3 and InceptionResNetV2. To measure the generalization ability of these models, we apply extra-database protocol approach, namely we train the models on the augmented versions of the train dataset and test them on two different databases as CK+ and JAFFE. The combination of these techniques allows to reach mean accuracy values of the order of 85% for the InceptionResNetV2 model.

KEYWORDS

Computer Vision, Facial Recognition, Data Augmentation, Transfer Learning.

Interactive Dashboard Design for Manager, Data Analyst and Data Scientist Perspective

TEMITOPE O AWODIJI, Computer Information Science, California Miramar University, California, USA

ABSTRACT

With large amounts of unstructured data being produced every day, organizations are trying to extract as much relevant information as possible. This massive quantity of data is collected from a variety of sources, and data analysts and data scientists use it to create a dashboard that provides a complete picture of the organizations performance. Dashboards are business intelligence (BI) reporting tools that collect and show key metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) on a single screen, enabling users to monitor and analyse business performance at a glance. An objective assessment of the companys overall performance, as well as of each department, is provided. If each department has access to the dashboard, it may serve as a springboard for future discussion and good decision-making. The goal of this article is to explain in detail the implementation of Dashboard and how it works, which will serve as a blueprint for building an effective dashboard with respect to best practices for dashboard design.

KEYWORDS

ETL, Data, Dashboard, Data Analyst, data Scienc.

Predicting Alzheimers Disease Progression by Combining Multiple Measures

Nour ElZawawi, Ain Shams University, Faculty of computer science and information systems, Egypt

ABSTRACT

Alzheimers disease (AD) is a degenerative brain ailment that affects millions worldwide. It is the most common form of dementia. It is tough to detect Alzheimers disease in its early stages. At the same time, it begins to progress several years before any symptoms appear. The variety of data is the biggest problem encountered during diagnosis. Neurological examination, brain imaging, and often asked questions from his connected closed relatives are the three forms of data that a neurologist or geriatrics employs to diagnose patients. Patients with an early diagnosis of Alzheimers disease have a strong chance of preventing additional brain damage by halting nerve cell death. This paper discusses the early diagnosis and progression of AD using a new approach. This approach use classification techniques for identifying medical disease; by the selection of suitable feature. In this work, a new approach for features extracted from medical data. The results show that the proposed approach can perform an early AD diagnosis with an accuracy of nearly 96%.

KEYWORDS

Alzheimers disease, Diagnosis, Prediction, Classification, Feature Selection.

Deep-Fake Detection using CNN Ensemble of Learners with Transfer Learning Techniques

Yathish N V, Dr. Jayashree, Jagadish Rathod, Manu L and Prsahant, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, PES University, Bengaluru, India

ABSTRACT

Today, Computer science and its applications are growing rapidly with recent advancement of the technology. Particularly this deep learning algorithms, image processing, fake media creations have gained lot of recognition and creating threat to the people nowadays. Deep Fake Creation is one amongst the large threats to the authenticity and confidential of online information. These Deep-fake will be used for malicious intents like phishing scams and fake news. So, building this Detection system may well be solution for fraud detection for prevention of widespread attention of fake news, videos, footage and pictures. The proposal of this project is to examine these media files for AI-generated media alterations in Faces and develop new, more robust, and sophisticated approaches to deal with the more difficult deep fakes which gets challenging everyday. The proposed architecture uses Ensemble of CNNs containing different base learners that analyses individual face feature like mouth,eye,facial landmarks that uses pre-trained models like ResNet, Inception-ResNet-v2 ,XceptionNet ,Efficient-Net and final classifier predicts the best result from the learners .Experiments were conducted on data-sets that contain both fake and real videos and also with custom built data-set of World Politicians and Celebrities.Performance of Ensemble method has promising results when compared to other methods.

KEYWORDS

Deep learning, deep fake, Artificial intelligence, Deep-fake detection, transfer learning, CNN, InceptionResNet-v2., ResNet, LSTM.

Enhancing Face Detection Algorithms using Heterogenous Parallel Architecture

Aishah Albssami and Sanaa Sharaf, Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Face Detection is one of the most important aspects of image processing, it considers a time-consuming problem in real-time applications such as surveillance systems, face recognition systems, attendance system and many. At present, commodity hardware is getting more and more heterogeneity in terms of architectures such as GPU and MIC co-processors. Utilizing those co-processors along with the existing traditional CPUs gives the algorithm a better chance to make use of both architectures to achieve faster implementations. This paper presents a hybrid implementation of the face detection based on the local binary pattern (LBP) algorithm that is deployed on both traditional CPU and MIC co-processor to enhance the speed of the LBP algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed implementation achieved improvement in speed by 3X when compared to a single architecture individually.

KEYWORDS

Face Detection, LBP, MIC, Scheduling.

Strategies for Making Organizational Change Stick and Building a Bright Future

Temitope O Awodiji, Computer Information Science, California Miramar University, California, USA

ABSTRACT

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the strategies for making organizational change stick and building a bright future.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on real life research and team effort as well as individual experiences. We realized leaders and managers need to drive lasting change. The bottom line is that Understanding the art of leading change and culture transformation is authenticity for all twenty-first century organizations that will thrive, beat the competition and adapt to our new market realities.

Findings – The data suggest that to keep pace with organization growth, the hiring process can become strained; fast-growing companies can’t adopt a “hire slow” approach, but finding the right talent must be carefully done, and adjustments to the team as well as the process need to be made as you go. Firstly,reason is that the challenges organizations face today are more complex than in the past. Secondly,the fundamental reason is that leaders in most organizations do not use a high-involvement change strategy to lower resistance and generate buy-in to change.

Research limitations/implications – The Team’ choices regarding our conclusion methods limit the generalizability of the research. However, these choices were instrumental in reaching a rich set of data, which enabled us to get an understanding of the conversational dynamics in the research project.

Originality/value – This research led us to create what we call the Concerns Model, a process for surfacing and resolving concerns, reducing resistance, and creating buying and support for the change initiative at all levels of the organization.

KEYWORDS

Strategies, Organizational, Change Stick, Future, Organization, SWOT Analysis, Leadership, Communication.

On the K-Nearest Neighbor Rule for Classification of Curves under Spatial Dependence

Ahmad Younso, Department of mathematical statistics, Faculty of sciences, Damascus University/Syria

ABSTRACT

The classical k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) rule of classification for spatially dependent functional data (curves) will be considered. The (strong consistency ) consistency of the classifier will be established based on training data drawn from (β-) α-mixing random field. The results of this paper extend some previous results to the spatial case.

KEYWORDS

Bayes rule; training data; k-NN rule; random field, smoothing parameter; consistency.

Plate Number Recognition using Segmented Method with Artificial Neural Network

Auwal Salisu Yunusa and Cafer Bal, Fırat University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechatronics, Machine Learning, TR-23119 Elazığ, Turkey

ABSTRACT

Plate number recognition is a system designed to read information of vehicle plate number automatically from digital images for many purposes; such as over speed control, parking areas, traffic control, and top governmental agencies etc. This system can be categories into 3 stages: license plate detection, character segmentation, and character recognition. In order to have successful recognition of characters, a license plate number has to be segmented. Segmentation is a process of partition an image into smaller parts. Character recognition is the last stage, were the license plate characters were read from the segmented characters. Three different type of networks were used in this article, (pattern net, perceptron and multi-layer neural network). Simulation result indicated that pattern net has a very good performance in recognizing the license plate image compared to other two types of networks. Also, has an advantage of less training time compared to other types of neural networks.

KEYWORDS

license plate number, neural network, image processing, machine learning.

Classification analysis of facial images for smile, age and gender using convolutionalneural network (CovNet)

Ojo Abosede Ibironke¹ and Rahman Mukaila Alade², ¹Department of Computer Science, Ogun State Institute of Technology, Igbesa, Ogun State, ²Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University (LASU), Ojo, Lagos State

ABSTRACT

The increase amount of applications that require the need for a model that will be able to classify age, gender and smile have made this model a highly required one. This research work is aimed at developing a model where age, gender and smile can be classified using a Deep learning algorithm called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with the objectives of implementing the model and carried out several performance evaluations. We present an All-in-One Convolutional Neural Network that can multitask and classify all tasks as a single task which other algorithms cannot perform. The facial images used in this work was a local dataset with the total number of 490 images. All these images were cropped and augmented in other to generate additional 5 images such as blur, lightening, top hat etc. The entire local dataset was divided into two with 70% of the images used for training and the remaining 30% for testing. This was done with the use of random selection algorithm embedded in the CNN. Required 227by227by3 image sizes was pre-trained using AlexNet, a Multi-Task Learning CNN-based method for classifications and MATLAB 2018a was used as the Simulation tool. Several tables and plots were generated, the Confusion Matrix table was generated and the result generated from our CNN shows that it has better performance.

KEYWORDS

Face Recognition System, Facial Images, Alexnet, Convolutional Neural Network, Age, Gender and Smile.

E-teaching and -learning in crisis situations: Their effect on new directions of thinking in higher education

Nitza Davidovitch & Rivka Wadmany, Ariel University, Israel

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 year was a difficult and challenging year in all areas of life. The academic world as well was compelled, in a matter of days, to shift from face-to-face learning on campus to e-Learning from a distance, with no adequate preparation. Despite the difficulties generated by e-Learning and students’ many complaints, the Israeli Council for Higher Education and institutions of higher education are preparing for a new era, where online courses will constitute an integral part of studies. The purpose of the study was to examine the attitude of lecturers and students to the benefits and shortcomings of e-teaching with its various aspects from a systemic, multi-institutional perspective. The study included 2,015 students and 223 lecturers from different academic institutions: universities, academic colleges of education, academic colleges of engineering, and private colleges. The research findings show that only one third of the lecturers expressed a preference for e-Learning. With regard to the types of preferred e-lessons: 69% would prefer to teach theoretical classes online, while 42% would prefer to teach exercise classes online. Only 14% would prefer to teach practical classes online, and only 19% would prefer to conduct workshops online. Lecturers were found to have more negative opinions of e-teaching than students: Two thirds of the lecturers (60%) are not happy that e-Learning reduces their interpersonal interaction with the students and among the lecturers. The proportion of lecturers who lament the lack of social interaction is higher than that of students who feel this lack (40%). About two thirds of lecturers noted the lack of social and emotional personal interaction with students and lecturers as one of the main shortcomings of e-Learning. Moreover, most of the lecturers do not perceive e-Learning as an advantage with regard to the quality of teaching and learning and only one third of the lecturers were of the opinion that e-teaching is on a higher standard than face-to-face teaching. Only one sixth of the lecturers were of the opinion that e-Learning is worthwhile for students with regard to their ability to handle the studies and the study material or to gain from the lessons. The study indicates the need for perceptual changes among the lecturers, such that they will reexamine the teaching and learning processes and adjust their role and fields of responsibility to the new opportunities provided by the technological tools and learning environment. The success of e-Learning requires suitable pedagogical educational approaches rather than copying teaching patterns from traditional frontal approaches to online teaching patterns. The research findings indicate the roles of the lecturer in the digital era, and particularly the role of the professionals responsible for teaching and learning in academic institutions, primarily with regard to the pedagogical aspects. The system of academic education has proven that beside the difficulties generated during the crisis, distance learning has many advantages such as the ability to study anytime and anywhere, efficient planning, and adapting the courses and study methods to the students. Nevertheless, the research findings prove that there is no alternative to personal contact, encounters between the teacher and students and among the students. E-learning constitutes a unique and powerful solution, but not an exclusive solution, and it is not necessarily appropriate for all disciplines and teaching and learning goals. It appears that combining e-Learning with “face to face” learning can enhance the learning experience, the successes, and students’ achievements. Advance preparation, as well as planning a new daily schedule on campus, might advance lecturers and students, in a gradual and structured way, to the challenging tasks of future teaching.

KEYWORDS

E-Learning, academic teaching, COVID-19, crisis situations, higher education.

Performance Evaluation Tools in Wireless Sensor Networks

Souhila Silmi^1,2, Zouina Doukha¹, Samira Moussaoui¹, ¹Department of Computer Science, USTHB University, RIMAA Lab., B P N°32 El Alia, 16000 Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria, ²Department of Computer Science,Higher Normal School Elbachir El-ibrahimi-Kouba,B P N°92 16308 Vieux-Kouba, Algiers, Algeria

ABSTRACT

The growing need to integrate new technologies into Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has led to the increasing requirement for development and implementation. From the current systems, it can be seen that several research have been made since several years ago, but the WSN deployment still a challenging task. Yet, this is done by real deployment withtestbeds or bysimulation tools when real deployment could be costly and time-consuming. Each kind of deployment has advantages and limits. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to review the implementation and evaluationprocess in WSNs. So, we describe relevant testbeds and simulation tools, and their features. Lastly, we conduct an experimentationstudy using these testbeds and simulations to highlight their pro and cons. To display how we obtained our results, we implement a localization protocol as a use case. The aim of this work is to give more clarity to future-work for better implementation in order to improve reliability, accuracy and time consumed. Hence, researchers will be able to choice the appropriate tools in the process of development and deployment for each new proposal in this fields.

KEYWORDS

Wireless Sensor Network, Testbeds, Experimentation platform, Simulation Tools.

The use of Big Data in Machine Learning Algorithm

Yew Kee Wong, School of Information Engineering, HuangHuai University, Henan, China

ABSTRACT

In the information era, enormous amounts of data have become available on hand to decision makers. Big data refers to datasets that are not only big, but also high in variety and velocity, which makes them difficult to handle using traditional tools and techniques. Due to the rapid growth of such data, solutions need to be studied and provided in order to handle and extract value and knowledge from these datasets. Machine learning is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. It is a branch of artificial intelligence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention. Such minimal human intervention can be provided using big data analytics, which is the application of advanced analytics techniques on big data. This paper aims to analyse some of the different machine learning algorithms and methods which can be applied to big data analysis, as well as the opportunities provided by the application of big data analytics in various decision making domains.

KEYWORDS

Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Analysis, Machine Learning.

Bert_Se: A Pre-Trained Language Representation Model for Software Engineering

Eliane Maria De Bortoli Fávero and Dalcimar Casanova, Department of Informatics, Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil

ABSTRACT

The application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has achieved a high level of relevance in several areas. In the field of software engineering (SE), NLP applications are based on the classification of similar texts (e.g. software requirements), applied in tasks of estimating software effort, selection of human resources, etc. Classifying software requirements has been a complex task, considering the informality and complexity inherent in the texts produced during the software development process. The pre-trained embedding models are shown as a viable alternative when considering the low volume of textual data labeled in the area of software engineering, as well as the lack of quality of these data. Although there is much research around the application of word embedding in several areas, to date, there is no knowledge of studies that have explored its application in the creation of a specific model for the domain of the SE area. Thus, this article presents the proposal for a contextualized embedding model, called BERT_SE, which allows the recognition of specific and relevant terms in the context of SE. The assessment of BERT_SE was performed using the software requirements classification task, demonstrating that this model has an average improvement rate of 13% in relation to the BERT_base model, made available by the authors of BERT. The code and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/...

KEYWORDS

Word embedding, Software engineering, Domain-specific Model, Contextualized pre-trained model, BERT.

Universal Sinhala Library: Encryption Platform for Sinhala Language

Dinindu Koliya Harshanath Webadu Wedanage and S Thelijjagoda, Faculty of Computing, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT

Security has become a significant challenge in the modern world. Number science and mathematics opened up a vast path to work with programming models to create innovative mechanisms which improve text encryption. Universal Sinhala Library is a Sinhala language-specific text encryption platform. Platform architecture has been designed to demonstrate every possible combination of the Sinhala alphabet, including comma, space and period. The hypothetical architecture includes each and every book that ever has been written in Sinhala, and every book that ever could be, including every poem, every scientific paper and every piece of document in Sinhala. The main goal of the research is to create an encryption mechanism for the Sinhala language. Linear congruential generator and extended euclidean algorithm have been used along with the Hull–Dobell Theorem to outline the backbone of the encryption platform. At present, it contains all possible combinations of Sinhala characters virtually. Sinhala text to be encrypted should be searched in the platform, and it will return the location of that particular text in the virtual library architecture, which is the encrypted text string for the searched Sinhala text. It is helpful to the people who are using or working with the Sinhala language, moreover for sharing and transferring Sinhala context securely.

KEYWORDS

Text encryption, Sinhala language, Security, Language specific encryption, Virtual architecture.

An Intelligent System to Improve Athlete Depression and Eating Disorder using Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analysis

Xuannuo Chen¹ and Yu Sun², ¹Linfield Christian, 31950 Pauba Road, Temecula, CA,92592, ²California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768

ABSTRACT

The inspiration for the creation of this app stemmed from the deeply rooted history of eating disorders in sports, particularly in sports that emphasize appearance and muscularity which often includes gymnastics, figure skating, dance, and diving [1]. All three sports require rapid rotation in the air which automatically results in the necessity of a more stringent weight requirement. Eating disorders can also be aggravated by sports who focus on individual performances rather than team-oriented like basketball or soccer [5]. According to research, up to thirteen percent of all athletes have, or are currently suffering from a form of eating disorder such as anorexia [2] and bulimia [3]. In the National Collegiate Athletic Association, it is estimated that up to sixteen percent of male athletes and forty- five percent of female athletes have been diagnosed with an eating disorder.

KEYWORDS

Data Mining, Mobile APP, Machine Learning.

An Improved Framework for C-v2X Systems with Data Integration and Identity-Based Authentication

Rui Huang, Lianyungang Jierui Electronics Co., Ltd., city: Lianyungang, zip code: 222061

ABSTRACT

Current trends of autonomous driving apply the hybrid of on-vehicle and roadside smart devices to perform collaborative data sensing and computing, so as to achieve a comprehensive and stable decision making. The integrated system is usually named as C-V2X. However, several challenges have significantly hindered the development and adoption of such systems. For example, the difficulty of accessing multiple data protocols of multiple devices at the bottom layer, and the centralized deployment of computing arithmetic power. Therefore, this work proposes a novel framework for the design of C-V2X systems. First, a highly aggregated architecture is designed with fully integration on multiple traffic data resources. Then a multi-level information fusion model is designed based on multi-sensors in vehicle-road coordination. The model can fit different detection environments, detection mechanisms, and time frames. Finally, a lightweight and efficient identity-based authentication method is given. The method can realize bidirectional authentication between end devices and edge gateways.

KEYWORDS

Network Protocols, Wireless Network, Mobile Network, Virus, Worms &Trojon.

Increasing Degrees of Freedom for Leading the Journey Towards User-Centric, ‘Ultimate Mobility’: Seamless Connectivity Anywhere

Muzaffar U. Khurram, Senior Principal, Accenture New Jersey, USA

ABSTRACT

In the world of multiple heterogeneous network access technologies having varying network service quality with ever-increasing demands on bandwidth, capacity and expectation of achieving reduced latencies, an end user expects true user-centric seamless connectivity at an optimally decreasing cost derived from emerging & maturing technologies integration. This is a journey that started long ago but now it seems increasingly possible in coming years.

KEYWORDS

Seamless connectivity, degrees of freedom, ‘Spectrum as Service’, eSIM, device cloud, UAV/drone, private networks.

Design and Implementation of a Web-Based SMS-Notification Clearance System: A Case Study of Federal Polytechnic, Ile – Oluji, Ondo State

Fakoya Johnson Tunde, Ajinaja Mcheal Olalekan, Olaseinde Olayemi Oladimeji and Johnson Olarewaju Victor

ABSTRACT

Each year, tertiary institutions churn out graduating students who are mandated to get cleared by different unit of the institutions which is usually done using the manual process. The manual tends to be extremely time consuming and difficult as students have to move from one building to another to know where they have problem. It has also been found to be vulnerable to fraud and other vices. The existing automated system available do not provide SMS-notification functionalities and other services such as non-user-friendly interface, lack of adequate information to user, non-prioritization of processes and so on. This study proposes a system that addresses the issues with the existing manual processing while improving on the identified automated ones. The study adopts a case study approach of a complete manual system for a leading tertiary institution of learning in Southwest Nigeria, with a view to evolving a working prototype. First a thorough understanding of the existing procedure is carried out. A new system that is web-based is built using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) along with PHP for business logic layer, CSS for proper rendering of display pages of the front end and MySQL for the data layer. The new system will reduce the amount of time and efforts wasted on students’ clearance as well as reduce cost incurred on paper by the institution. Another advantage is that students can also initiate and monitor their clearance status from any location they are thereby eliminating the need to travel or be physically present.

KEYWORDS

SMS, notification, clearance, system.

Multistage Blockchain-based Distributed Computing in IoT via Software-Defined Networking

Mohammad Maroufi¹, Reza Abdolee², and Behzad Mozaffari Tazekand³, ¹Department of ECE, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, ²Department of Computer Science, CSUCI, California, USA, ³Department of ECE, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

ABSTRACT

Internet of Things (IoT) emerges to become an essential part of our daily lives and lets intelligent devices collect real-time information from the environment. Increasing the number of IoT devices requires high-speed and secure network connectivity to send large volumes of data through the internet. IoT devices need well-designed infrastructures instead of the current centralized architecture to manage significant data sources. Blockchain distributed technology provides several attractive features to solve IoT security and privacy issues. However, utilizing Blockchain in IoT creates new problems and obstacles due to the tremendous computational process, delays, and bandwidth overhead detrimental to IoT operation. In this regard, Fog and edge computing can bridge the gap between distributed IoT devices and centralized clouds. In this paper, we propose Multistage Blockchain-based Distributed Computing in IoT via Software-Defined Networking which combines fog computing, SDN, and Blockchain to preserve high availability, real-time data delivery, high scalability, security, resiliency, and low latency. This method is designed in three layers: The device layer organizes IoT devices in the private sub-Blockchain, the Fog layer concentrate on SDN to provide essential services, and the Blockchain-based distributed cloud layer.

Design of Interplanetary Observation Terminal based on All Programmable System on Chip

Haonan Jin¹, Lesheng He¹, Liang Dong², Yongliang Tan¹ and Qingyang Kong¹, ¹Information Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming, China, ²Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China

ABSTRACT

The drastic changes in the solar wind will cause serious harm to human life. Monitoring interplanetary scintillation(IPS) can predict solar wind activity, thereby effectively reducing the harm caused by space weather. Aiming at the problem of the lack of the ability to observe the interplanetary scintillation phenomenon of the 40-meter radio telescope at the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory of China in the frequency band around 300MHz, an IPS real-time acquisition and processing scheme based on all programmable system-on-chip(APSoC) was proposed. The system calculates the average power of 10ms IPS signal in PL-side and transmits it to the system memory through AXI4 bus. PS-side reads the data, takes logarithms and packages the data, and finally transmits it to the LabVIEW host computer through gigabit Ethernet UDP mode for display and storage. Experimental tests show that the system functions correctly, and the PL-side power consumption is only 1.955 W, with a high time resolution of 10ms, and no data is lost in 24 hours of continuous observation, with good stability. The system has certain application value in IPS observation.

KEYWORDS

Interplanetary Scintillation, Solar Wind, All Programmable System-on-Chip, AXI4, LabVIEW.

A Comparative Study of Semantic Textual Similarity Models

Reshma Ram, Sanjay Raghavendra, Shruthi Srinarasi, Annapurna P Patil*, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, MSRIT Post, M S Ramaiah Nagar, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India 560054

ABSTRACT

Semantic textual similarity (STS) involves the process of determining the extent of similarity between two pieces of text. A score (usually from 1 to 5) is assigned to each pair of texts as a measure of their semantic similarity. The proposed work is aimed at comparing the state-of-the-art models dealing with sentence similarity, a subpart of semantic textual similarity. These models are categorized based on whether they consider contextual similarity. On fixing the hyper-parameters involved, we provide a comprehensive review of the pre-existing STS models and conclude with how this work can be utilized to optimize the sentence similarity scores.

KEYWORDS

Semantic textual similarity, Sentence similarity, Natural Language Processing, Pearson coefficient, Cosine similarity.

Arabic Machine Translation using Deep Learning: A Survey

Atheer Alamri, Daad Albarrak, Emtenan Alawad, Ethar Suwaimil, Hend bin Hussain, Razan bin zoba, Sadeem Aleid and Sarah AlHumoud, Computer Science Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Arabic is one of the most widely used languages in the world; however, the current state of Arabic machine translation (AMT) systems is still scarce compared with systems in other languages, such as English. This survey aims at compiling and analysing research done in this area. Specifically, we explore the AMT studies by using deep learning conducted from 2009 to 2021, covering 25 studies. In addition, the corpora available for the MT tasks were summarised. The AMT is still an under-researched topic with several gaps and challenges. This study could provide some insights for future research in AMT.

KEYWORDS

Machine Translation, Deep Learning, Natural Language Processing.

Automated Chinese Essay Scoring using Pre-Trained Language Models

Lulu Dong^{1, 2} and Lin Li^{1, 2} and HongChao Ma³ and YeLing Liang^{1, 2}, ¹The State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application, Qinghai, Xi Ning, China, ²Department of Computer Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xi Ning, China, ³Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China

ABSTRACT

Automated Essay Scoring (AES) aims to assign a proper score to an essay written by a given prompt, which is a significant application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the education area. In this work, we focus on solving the Chinese AES problem by Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) including state-of-the-art PLMs BERT and ERNIE. A Chinese essay dataset has been built up in this work, by which we conduct extensive AES experiments. Our PLMs-based AES models acquire 70.70% in Quadratic Weighted Kappa (QWK), which out-perform classic feature-based linear regression AES model. The results show that our methods effectively alleviate the dependence on manual features and improve the portability of AES models. Furthermore, we acquire well-performed AES models with a limited scale of the dataset, which solves the lack of datasets in Chinese AES.

KEYWORDS

Chinese Automated Essay Scoring, Neural Network, Pre-trained Language Model, Quadratic Weighted Kappa.

Mitigation Techniques to Overcome Data Harm in Model Building for ML

AyseKok Arslan, Silicon Valley researcher, Oxford Alumni- Northern California

ABSTRACT

Given the impact of Machine Learning (ML) on individuals and the society, understanding how harm might be occur throughout the ML life cycle becomes critical more than ever. By offering a framework to determine distinct potential sources of downstream harm in ML pipeline, the paper demonstrates the importance of choices throughout distinct phases of data collection, development, and deployment that extend far beyond just model training. By covering examples ranging from historical context to the process of benchmarking models application-appropriate solutions are suggested for being used instead of merely relying on generic notions of what counts as fairness.

KEYWORDS

fairness in machine learning, societal implications of machine learning, algorithmic bias, AI ethics, allocative harm, representational harm.

Unsupervised Named Entity Recognition for Hi-Tech domain

Abinaya Govindan, Gyan Ranjan, and Amit Verma, Neuron7.ai, USA

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we present named entity recognition as a multi-answer QA task combined with contextual natural-language-inference based noise reduction. This method allows us to use pre-trained models that have been trained for certain downstream tasks to generate unsupervised data, reducing the need for manual annotation to create named entity tags with tokens. For each entity, we provide a unique context, such as entity types, definitions, questions and a few empirical rules along with the target text to train a named entity model for the domain of our interest. This formulation (a) allows the system to jointly learn NER-specific features from the datasets provided, and (b) can extract multiple NER-specific features, thereby boosting the performance of existing NER models (c) provides business-contextualized definitions to reduce ambiguity among similar entities. We conducted numerous tests to determine the quality of the created data, and we find that this method of data production allows us to obtain clean, noise-free data with minimal effort and time. We have implemented this approach in our use case, and it’s proven to be effective at extracting named entities that are then employed in subsequent components.

KEYWORDS

natural language processing,named entity recognition unstructured data generation, question answering, information retrieval.

An Intelligent Data-Driven Analytics System for Operation Management, Budgeting, and Resource Allocation using Machine Learning and Data Analytics

Dele Fei¹ and Yu Sun², ¹St. Margaret’s Episcopal School, 31641 La Novia Avenue, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675, ²California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768

ABSTRACT

This is a data science project for a manufacturing company in China [1]. The task was to forecast the likelihood that each product would need repair or service by a technician in order to forecast how often the products would need to be serviced after they were installed. That forecast could then be used to estimate the correct price for selling a product warranty [2]. I built the underlying forecast model in the R Programming language for all of the companies products. I developed an interactive web app using R Shiny so the business could see the forecast and recommended warranty price for each of their products and customer types [3]. The user can select a product and customer type and input the number of products and the web app displays charts and tables that show the probability of the product needing service over time, the forecasted costs of service, along with potential income and the recommended warranty price.

KEYWORDS

Operation Management, Machine Learning, Data Mining.

Design of SRAM-Based 8T-Cell for Memory Alias Table

Saleh Abdel-Hafeez, Sanabel Otoom and Muhannad Quwaider, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Dept. Computer Engineering, Irbid 22110, Jordan

ABSTRACT

Memory Alias Table exploits a major role in Register Renaming Unit (RRU) for maintaining the translation between logical registers to physical registers for the given instruction(s). This work presents the design of the memory Alias Table based on the 8T-Cell with multiport write, read, and content-addressable operation for 2-WAY three operands machine cycle. Results show that four read ports operate simultaneously within a half-cycle, while two-write ports operate simultaneously within the other half-cycle. The operation of content-addressable with two parallel ports is managed during the half-cycle of the read phase; thus, the three operations occur within a single cycle without latency. HSPICE simulations conduct 32-rows x 6-bit with 21T-Cell memory Alias Table that has 4-read ports, 2-write ports, and 2-content-addressable ports using a standard 65 nm/1V CMOS process. Simulations reveal that our design operates within a one-cycle of 1 GHz consuming an average power of 0.87 mW.

KEYWORDS

Content-Addressable, 8T-Cell SRAM, 2-WAY Instructions Cycle, Memory Alias Table, Register Renaming Unit.