To define shoe-size systems, the following length units are commonly used today: barleycorn, Paris point, millimetre, centimetre (cm).
40 cm =15.748 inches
Otherwise, you can use an ordinary ruler to measure your foot in inches or centimeters to ensure an accurate fit. Stand firmly on a hard surface with an ordinary ruler. Align the ruler to the back of your heal, then identify the furthest point of your toes. Simply compare your measurements to the charts below and choose your US shoe size...that it's easy.
ISO/TS 19407:2015
Footwear — Sizing — Conversion of sizing systems
Source: https://www.iso.org/
According to ISO formulas, the foot length in cm is converted into the shoe size of the respective size system (i.e., the EU-, UK-, US-, or Mondopoint system). The shoe size tables for foot length in cm that follow are also based on this ISO specification. The ISO (International Organization for Standardization) defined shoe size system conversion and issued this international pre-standard as a result. There are, however, frequent deviations from the theoretically calculated shoe sizes in centimeters. As a result, shoes frequently come out smaller or larger than expected (e.g., depending on the manufacturer or simply due to deviating standardization).
All ISO conversion formulas use the foot length in centimeters. In the case of non-ISO size specifications, the interior length of the shoe in cm or the length of the last in cm is sometimes used to calculate shoe sizes. For international standardisation, however, the foot length in centimetres or millimetres is the preferred measurement.
The ISO formulae typically use the foot length in cm to calculate the appropriate shoe size. As a result, if you want to calculate foot length based on shoe size, the corresponding ISO formula must be converted so that the formula returns the foot length in cm rather than the shoe size. This conversion formula switchover is explained in detail in the examples below.
To accurately measure the foot length, place a sheet of paper against a wall and place the foot on it so that the heel is directly against the wall and thus against the paper's edge. Then, using a pencil, draw along the toes. Holding the pencil straight at a 90° angle, measure the length from the back edge of the paper to the longest toe. Make sure to measure both feet because they are frequently different lengths. It is also preferable to measure in the afternoon because the feet reach their full size only during the day.
See more: 90 x 40 cm to inches