I have Cisco CP-7970-G's and CP-7941-GE's, but I think I am running into a firmware upgrade path issue since these phones have been factory reset. Guides suggested heading to Cisco's software page to grab the older versions, but Cisco's software page doesn't have any mention of these files as the phones are no longer supported. Any ideas?

Upgrading firmware is essential for optimum performance on every device. It is very important to install upgrades when they are released. When Cisco releases a firmware upgrade, they often contain improvements such as new features or fix a bug that can cause a security vulnerability or a performance issue.


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The firmware is the program that controls the operation and functionality of the switch. It is the combination of software and hardware that has program code and data stored in it for the device to function.

I understand from reading various threads on here that it needs firmware update, but I am not really sure how to do this. I am relatively savvy with a good instruction! I just can't seem to work out what process steps I need to take. Can anyone walk me through it?

I've downloaded the 7.5.2b firmware - but now what? Are there no instructions on how to use the TFTP server to configure to upgrade the IP Phone? - I couldn't find them! There's a bunch of youtube videos.... I gave that a try but they are all mostly to do with servers..... can't believe it's so complicated!

Ad 1 - you considered to use TFTP, so start it and place firmware on it. I'm not familiar with the TFTP server you decided to use - follow it's documentation how to start it and where the files needs to be saved to be server by it.

I think it's very patronising to say it's a simple process. It's quite the opposite and rather complicated - especially the usage of the TFTP software which I found very confusing, so I guess I will need to stick to the old firmware for now.

I would like to note you not me) turned simple three-step method I advised into nightmare "complicate discussion". You correctly identified you can place firmware to a public WWW server then write URL of it to phone. Quick, simple and reliable method. It's almost as quick as EXE method and it works almost everytime.

I downloaded the latest Firmware for my Cisco SPA504G. However, the usual .exe file used to perform the upgrade was not bundled with new firmware. Nor did the release notes provide any clues about how to upgrade without it. The Web interface has no field to specify the file from a local path either.

NOTE: This appears to be the right Stack group as I see questions about upgrading firmware for firewalls, printers & other devices, so please don't blow me up if this isn't the correct group ;-)

BlackTech has targeted and exploited various brands and versions of router devices. TTPs against routers enable the actors to conceal configuration changes, hide commands, and disable logging while BlackTech actors conduct operations. BlackTech actors have compromised several Cisco routers using variations of a customized firmware backdoor [T1542.004]. The backdoor functionality is enabled and disabled through specially crafted TCP or UDP packets [T1205]. This TTP is not solely limited to Cisco routers, and similar techniques could be used to enable backdoors in other network equipment.

In some cases, BlackTech actors replace the firmware for certain Cisco IOS-based routers with malicious firmware. Although BlackTech actors already had elevated privileges [TA0004] on the router to replace the firmware via command-line execution, the malicious firmware is used to establish persistent backdoor access [TA0003] and obfuscate future malicious activity. The modified firmware uses a built-in SSH backdoor [T1556.004], allowing BlackTech actors to maintain access to the compromised router without BlackTech connections being logged [T1562.003]. BlackTech actors bypass the router's built-in security features by first installing older legitimate firmware [T1601.002] that they then modify in memory to allow the installation of a modified, unsigned bootloader and modified, unsigned firmware [T1601.001]. The modified bootloader enables the modified firmware to continue evading detection [T1553.006], however, it is not always necessary.

To enable the backdoor functions, the firmware checks for incoming trigger packets and enables or disables the backdoor functionality. When the backdoor is enabled, associated logging functions on the router are bypassed. The source IP address is stored and used to bypass ACL handling for matching packets. The SSH backdoor includes a special username that does not require additional authentication.

In order to detect and mitigate this BlackTech malicious activity, the authoring agencies strongly recommend the following detection and mitigation techniques. It would be trivial for the BlackTech actors to modify values in their backdoors that would render specific signatures of this router backdoor obsolete. For more robust detection, network defenders should monitor network devices for unauthorized downloads of bootloaders and firmware images and reboots. Network defenders should also monitor for unusual traffic destined to the router, including SSH.

From what I read in the Cisco help, a false Captive environment can occur if the HTTP probe fails. The probe actually sends an HTTPS message, and expects an HTTPS response. Did something in the firware upgrade hose this up? I see in the Windows Event Log: SOCKETTRANSPORT_ERROR_CONNECT_TIMEOUT and HTTP_PROBE_ASYNC_ERROR_CANNOT_CONNECT. It smells like the firmware update changed something on the router so the probe is now failing (note: I was connected to the Cisco VPN when I updated the router firmware using another machine on the home network). Normally the VPN reconnects itself automatically, and this time it didn't - when I tried to connect manually I saw the Captive Portal message that suggested I open a browser to authenticate.

Because all Cisco Meraki devices communicate to the cloud, they always know if they are on the latest firmware. By logging into the dashboard or simply navigating to my.meraki.com while locally connected to a Cisco Meraki device, we can check the firmware status.

From here, administrators can choose to upgrade firmware right away, or defer the update by selecting a different upgrade timeframe. Dashboard displays all of the available firmware upgrade options. Select a preferred upgrade time window as well as whether to use standard or beta builds to get the latest and greatest features ahead of time.

Dashboard also provides the ability to customize the firmware upgrade process for each product type. In the screenshot below, it is clear that the switches are up to date and the firmware was last updated on May 9th.

I have tried to push the firmware using ca spectrum using tftp but it's showing error (invalid server address) and tried to capture the NCM host configuration that also showing error tftp server is may not responding or running. so tried to load using scp but it's asking the script. so anyone can share the script.

Yes we are running the TFTP server in the spectrum. and uploading the image is fine but the write the configuration and reloading is not working even the upload task is showing success status. during the firmware loading we are using the boot command .

I upgraded the firmware on my Cisco RV320 Dual Gigabit WAN VPN Router to version 1.4.2.17 found here -dual-gigabit-wan-vpn-router/model.html#~tab-downloads. The firmware hadn't been upgraded for many years,possibly up to 7, and me being a new hire decided to upgrade it. I created a backup of the router before I did the upgrade as well. The router does not support WiFi connections, only direct Ethernet connections.

I was on version 1.4.2 of the firmware, and the rep recommended downgrading to the 1.3.2 version as it's more stable. This was step 1. After doing so, it removed all configurations for my router, as it warns you it will if you downgrade the firmware.

This article is about firmware upgrade in Cisco IOS devices. Before upgrading IOS, you should make sure to obtain the latest IOS version. You can do this by logging in here and selecting your device type and version. Once that is done, the downloaded file should be transferred to a flash drive of the device, usually via TFTP or FTP.

Our example is using IMC 7.3 and trying to update a Cisco 2960 device. We have enabled SSH etc. on the cisco device and can detect the device with IMC and have the information being pulled from the device. We are also able to backup the config from the 2960 using IMC.

Cisco Nexus next-generation ultra-low latency network switch platform, smart network interface cards (SmartNIC) and firmware development kits (FDK) are specifically designed to address the needs of latency-sensitive applications in data center networking, high-frequency trading (HFT), financial services, and service provider networks.

The advisory warns that the attackers modify the firmware upon acquiring administrator access to network edge devices, allowing them to hide their activity and maintain persistence within the network. BlackTech specifically targets branch routers, which are smaller appliances used in remote branch offices to connect to a corporate headquarters. By compromising these routers, the attackers can blend in with corporate network traffic and pivot to other victims on the same network.

Cisco routers have been compromised using custom firmware backdoors created by the group. The modified firmware includes a built-in SSH backdoor for persistent access without any logged connections. Additionally, the attackers have developed a complex scheme to bypass firmware signature checks and evade detection.

The advisory recommends that organizations monitor network devices for inbound and outbound connections, review logs for unauthorized access attempts, upgrade to devices with secure boot capabilities, and regularly check for firmware updates. Cisco has clarified that the attackers did not exploit any vulnerabilities in their infrastructure and instead used stolen or weak administrative credentials for their attacks. 17dc91bb1f

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