A Comprehensive Case Study
Figure 1. Activists block a planned hazardous waste incinerator in Kettleman City, CA, 1993 (photo by EJRC) [21].
Eugena Choi - STAR Program 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified environmental injustices across the globe and particularly in minority comprised communities. Research on environmental justice and inequalities has significantly increased during the last two decades in various disciplinary fields. However, attention to developing countries has been limited in environmental justice research. Similarly, the multi-scale and long-term effects of COVID-19 as a catalyzer of environmental inequalities remain unknown. From existing in this current pandemic and far from normal world, it has become apparent how responses to COVID-19 in cities across the US have created an economic and socioeconomic divide. As a result, an increase in acts of environmental injustices becomes more likely.
Figure 2. People walking along The Venice Beach boardwalk in Los Angeles on December 20, 2020. [12].
Los Angeles County's population according to the last census in 2019 is 10,039,107
Figure 3. People fill the boardwalk in Venice Beach during the first day of the Memorial Day holiday weekend [13].
Of those 10,039,107:
White: 70.7%
Hispanic/Latino: 48.6%
Asian: 15.4%
Black/African American: 9.0%
Figure 4. An aerial view of middle-class homes in LA County [14].
From 2015-2019 median income was $68, 044
Figure 5. A row of tents from a homeless encampment line a street in downtown Los Angeles [15].
Out of the whole population, 13.4% are in poverty
Los Angeles County - COVID-19
Figure 6. People wait in line at a Covid-19 testing center in Los Angeles on 8 December 2020 [16].
According to LA County Public Health 1,380,415 total people have tested positive as of June 2021...
Figure 7. Elizabeth "Liz" Napoles, right, works alongside with National Guardsmen who are helping to process the COVID-19 deaths to be placed into temporary storage at LA County Medical Examiner-Coroner Office on Tuesday, Jan. 12, 2020 in Los Angeles [17].
... and 25,061 total deaths have been reported.