Depression Inconsistent evidence suggests efficacy of acupuncture for management of stress, anxiety, and depression Further research may be helpful Addiction Nicotine dependence Alcohol dependence Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of nicotine and alcohol dependence Further research needed Endocrine Obesity Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of obesity Further research needed Less common ENT Allergic rhinitis Sinusitis Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis Further research needed Respiratory Asthma COPD Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of asthma and COPD Further research needed Cardiovascular Hypertension Angina Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of hypertension and angina Further research needed Sleep Insomnia Enuresis Inconsistent evidence to make recommendations about the value of acupuncture in treatment of insomnia and enuresis Further research needed COPD ¼ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ENT ¼ ear, nose, throat; IBS ¼ irritable bowel syndrome; Quality Enhancement Research Initiative’s (QUERI) Evidence-based Synthesis Program (ESP) was established to provide timely and accurate syntheses of targeted healthcare topics of particular importance to Veterans Affairs (VA) managers and policymakers, as they work to improve the health and healthcare of Veterans. The ESP disseminates these reports throughout VA. QUERI provides funding for four ESP Centers and each Center has an active VA affiliation. The ESP Centers generate evidence syntheses on important clinical practice topics, and these reports help: • develop clinical policies informed by evidence, • guide the implementation of effective services to improve patient outcomes and to support VA clinical practice guidelines and performance measures, and • set the direction for future research to address gaps in clinical knowledge. In 2009, the ESP Coordinating Center was created to expand the capacity of QUERI Central Office and the four ESP sites by developing and maintaining program processes. In addition, the Center established a Steering Committee comprised of QUERI field-based investigators, VA Patient Care Services, Office of Quality and Performance, and Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISN) Clinical Management Officers. The Steering Committee provides program oversight, guides strategic planning, coordinates dissemination activities, and develops collaborations with VA leadership to identify new ESP topics of importance to Veterans and the VA healthcare system. Comments on this evidence report are welcome and can be sent to Nicole Floyd, ESP Coordinating Center Program Manager, at nicole.floyd@va.gov. Recommended citation: Hempel, S., Taylor, S. L., Solloway, M., Miake-Lye, I. M., Beroes, J. M., Shanman, R., Booth, M. J., Siroka, A. M., Shekelle, P. G. Evidence Map of Acupuncture. VAESP Project #05-226; 2013 This report is based on research conducted by the Evidence-based Synthesis Program (ESP) Center located at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative. The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s) who are responsible for its contents; the findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States government. Therefore, no statement in this article should be construed as an official position of the Department of Veterans Affairs. No investigators have any affiliations or financial involvement (e.g., employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties) that conflict with material presented in the report. Evidence Map of Acupuncture Evidence-based. In the first step, we identified systematic reviews meeting the inclusion criteria and removed data duplicates from the database so that the data from each review entered the dataset only once. This entailed identifying and consolidating online-only and final publication of articles, Cochrane reviews published in the Cochrane database and in a journal article, multiple updates of Cochrane reviews, and references to systematic reviews differently indexed in general and specialist systematic review databases. Where originals and updates of systematic reviews by the same author group were available only the most recent version was considered. These systematic reviews were then coded by clinical topic. Reviews and recent RCTs identified as potentially relevant and all unclear citations were ordered as full text to evaluate the publication against the specified inclusion criteria. The literature flow was documented in an electronic database. Reasons for exclusion of full text publications were recorded. Results of individual reviews and recent RCTs were extracted in an online database for systematic reviews. DATA SYNTHESIS We grouped the identified reviews and trials into the 3 VA priority areas: Pain,