DNA origami that employs a long ssDNA scaffold strand to fabricate 2D and 3D wireframe objects offers the unique ability to control relative distances, angles, and copy numbers of secondary molecules in a nearly arbitrary manner, including asymmetric spatial organization. 

FRET-based nanophotonics that leverages the principles of Förster resonance energy transfer to design and develop innovative nanoscale optical sensors, imaging probes, and molecular switches enable a wide range of applications, including biological imaging, drug discovery, and nanophotonic circuitry.

Nanofabrication techniques and nanophotonics have paved the way for the development of novel nanomedicine approaches, such as targeted drug delivery, biosensing, and imaging, which harness the unique properties of nanomaterials for enhanced therapeutic outcomes and disease diagnosis.