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CFW

Welcome

Welcome to the Custom Firmware Toolkit

This page explains all settings you can adjust with the toolkit.
The toolkit currently supports following scooter models: m365 Pro/Pro2/1S/Lite
As of now these firmware versions of the scooters are supported:

m365 ESC V1.3.4-1.5.6 BLE 0.72-0.91
m365 Pro ESC V1.5.2-1.7.1 BLE 0.90-1.2.2
m365 1S EU Version ESC V2.2.1-3.0.4 BLE 1.2.9-1.3.4
m365 Pro2 ESC V2.1.8-2.3.6 BLE 1.2.9-1.3.4
m365 Essential/Lite ESC V2.1.8-2.3.1 BLE 1.2.9-1.3.4

Please inform yourself before updating your scooter to unknown firmware versions.

By using this custom firmware you are protected from further unnoticed (ESC/DRV/main controller) updates via the official app.
Updates for the ESC with the original app are blocked unless you return to the stock firmware (initial firmware).
Watch out for BLE updates though, these can also break the compatibility!
Hence, the safest way not to install updates through the official sources.

You are responsible for the values you enter and the damage you may cause to yourself or your scooter.
Please check local laws before riding your modded scooter on a public place.
In countries such as Germany, modifying your scooter might void its permit. In other countries such as France, you face a high fine for overspeeding.
So watch out, and look after yourself and others!

Throttle Settings

The throttle's position indicates the speed you want to reach and the scooter accelerates accordingly.

However, controlling the power of the acceleration is much more intuitive and leads to a much smoother riding experience with almost instant driving feedback as you have when driving cars. You press the lever and you accelerate instantly and not time delayed.
This you can set this in the Direct Power Control section. Select from following configuarations:

Direct Power Control Settings

Stock: Default scooter speed control (not power, but speed controlled)
in SPORT mode, fixed : direct power control active only in SPORT Mode, default speed control in ECO and DRIVE Mode.
All modes, switchable: Turning on the scooter by pressing the power button, the default speed control is used . Activate direct power control for all modes by turning on the scooter with the secret button combination.

As the direct power control mode is current driven, it ignores all set maximum speed settings. In the direct power control mode you will always reach the maximum speed that is possible with your motor/battery voltage combination!
The set maximum currents get applied in the direct power control mode.

Curve: Flat or Quadratic Indicates the curve parameters of the acceleration
Flat curve = linear acceleration ideal for sporty driving
Quadratic curve = progressive/increasing acceleration. It's softer and allows a
better speed control espacially if an additional battery is installed in series.

Current and Speed Settings
For each of the three driving modes (ECO/DRIVE/SPORT) you can set a different maximum speed and maximum current used in this particular mode. Increasing the maximum currents will increase your acceleration.
Don't go crazy with the maximum currents! This could burn your traces and break your scooter's control board if set too high.
The maximum speed reachable with a fully charged battery with a load of 75kg is about 30km/h
If you want to go faster you need a 12S battery or another hardware mod.

With this custom firmware, changing the region does not effect the speedlimits anymore! All regions have the same speedlimits.
You enter the values at your own risk!
It's recommended to use community tested values only!
The default values for the different models are:

m365 ECO: 7A SPORT :17A
m365 PRO ECO:7A DRIVE:17A SPORT:25A
m365 1S ECO:7A DRIVE:15A SPORT:20A
m365 Essential/Lite ECO:7A DRIVE:12A SPORT:12A
m365 PRO2 ECO:7A DRIVE:17A SPORT:25A

These values are for battery at 100% Example: P=U*I 41.5V * 25A = 1037W
With lowering voltage this current value gets scaled accordingly so the maximum power output remains almost the same even on lower voltage/battery charge.

With the "Reset the maximum speed set in the app when powering on" you have the option to override the maximum set speed for all driving modes within the app.
The speed setting is only active until you turn off the scooter. Rebooting the scooter therefore restores the before defined speed limits.
Example: Set a maximum speed of 20km/h in all three driving modes in the CFW toolkit. Scooter drives only 20km/h. When you now set a higher speed in the XiaoFlasher app - for example 30km/h, the scooter will drive 30km/h until you turn off the scooter. Then it is set back to 20km/h. So it can be used very similar to the German Maneuver (With this custom firmware, changing the region does not effect the speedlimits anymore! All regions have the same speedlimits)

Motor Start Speed
The minimum speed before the engine can be activated. 5km/h is the default value which can be quite annoying. Entering a value of 0km/h will let you accelareate almost from a standing start with full torque.

Cruise Control Delay
Set the seconds it will take for the cruise control to kick in.

Brake and Recuperation Settings

Brake Parameters
In this section you can set the parameters for the electonic brake.
We differentiate between KERS that regenerates power while braking - also called autobraking - and the electronic brake that will only be activated when you press the brake lever also called manual braking.

Lever Virtual Limit
This option allows you to compress or expand the range of the brake lever. If you reduce the percentage of the virtual lever limit, the maximum brake current will be used at a lower handle range position.
Hence, the brake is more sensitive. With a lever virtual limit of 33% the full braking power will already be active if you press the brake lever only 1/3 of its handle range.
Minimum current is the current that the scooter utilzes at a minimum when start braking.
Maximum current is the maximum current that the scooter will use for electonic braking.
Setting the value too high can damage the electronics of your scooter! So be safe!!!

The manual brake consumes battery. No energy is regenerated when using the manual brake!
Regeneration of battery is only happening in autobraking use!

This is the default brake curve with lever virtual limit set to 88%
Minimum current set to 8A and maximum current set to 30A

Handle position 0% = Brake released no braking

Handle position 50% = Brake only half pressed

Handle position 100% = Brake fully pressed

This is a modified brake curve with lever virtual limit set to 38%
Minimum current set to 8A and maximum current set to 30A

This is a modified brake curve with lever virtual limit set to 38%
Minimum current set to 16A and maximum current set to 39A

Autobraking

Stock
Default autobraking to 6km/h
When you release the throttle, the scooter will start autobraking until it reaches 6km/h.
The intention is to regenerate power while braking like eCars do but in reality this setting is causing more power consumption in the end and it brings an unsmooth ride as a side effect.

Coast Mode
Shuts down the engine completely when the throttle is released. No power regeneration. No autobraking when going downhill etc.
When accelerating again this leads to jerky driving.
While going downhill you can reach a higher speed than the max. speed achievable with your battery voltage as the motor is turned off completely

Coast Mode (AntiClonk)
The smothest of all modes.
No power regeneration. True smooth coasting. No jerks or stuttering when the motor is turned on again. Completely new riding experience.
If you go downhill it will start braking when you reach speed higher than max speed achievable with your battery voltage.

Brake Down to
Default autobraking with a customizeable speed setting. When you release the throttle the scooter will start autobraking until it reaches the set km/h.

Battery Settings

Battery Voltage Limit
The controller of the scooter will report an error when a too high power source gets attached. By raising this limit you could attach a custom battery for example.

Remove Charging Mode
The controller of the scooter will normally go into charging mode when the internal battery gets charged either by a charger or an additional battery with a higher voltage level connected at the same time. The scooter will not drive when in charging mode. Therefore the charging mode is disabled with this option. The side effect is that the scooter will not show the charging animation etc. but will charge just fine.

Emulate BMS
The controller of the scooter will report an error when it gets no responses from the Battery Managment System. Therefore using a battery which is not talking to the scooter's ESC is not possible. With this option you can install any other battery without getting Error 21. Just add a jumper between R and T line on the ESC controller as you can see in the picture and tick the emulate BMS option and it should work.
But please use only batteries with integrated (Battery Management Sytem) for your own protection.

Set Full Battery Mileage Estimation
The scooters internal range estimation is simply a fixed value for a fully charged battery and reduces with voltage drop accordingly. But in real life these figures almost never match the real milage. As the driver's weight and many other parameters are not considered.
This setting gives you the otion to adjust the milage estimation to a value that corresponds more to your actual experience. Monitor the mileage for some time and then input a value that matches your real life range.

Other Parameters

Swap light/mode button functions
Switch the drive mode with a single press and switch the light on with a double press

Rear light always on
Static brake light. With this option you can make the blinking brake light static .

Tire size
With this option you can adjust the speed calculation showed in apps and scooter display

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