Some of your initial concerns may already have been addressed if you had difficulty becoming pregnant, particularly if you sought fertility treatment. But now that you're pregnant, preparations for your new baby can begin. The best way to help your baby is to take care of yourself. Regular medical and dental attention and good nutrition directly benefit both you and your baby's health. Plenty of rest and moderate exercise will help ease the physical stresses of pregnancy. Talk to your physician about your health and your baby's health, including prenatal vitamins, and avoid smoking, alcohol, using drugs (including marijuana), and eating fish containing high levels of mercury. If you are taking any medications, check with your obstetrician about their safety during pregnancy.
As pregnancy progresses, you're confronted with a long list of decisions, from planning for the delivery to decorating the nursery. Many decisions may already have happened, but others may have been postponed because your baby doesn't seem "real." However, the more actively you prepare for your baby's arrival, the more real that child will seem.
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Chemicals from marijuana, either smoked or from edibles, can be passed to your developing baby during pregnancy. Studies are limited, but the data suggest that use of marijuana may interfere with the baby's brain development, cause intellectual disabilities, or cause behavioral problems later in life. Marijuana smoke also poses risks similar to tobacco smoke.
When preparing for your baby, you may decide to paint and add new furniture to the nursery. It's important to have good ventilation in spaces you're painting, to avoid inhaling large amounts of fumes. New furniture can harbor chemicals and should be allowed to ventilate before placing your baby in or near it. Exposures do not only happen in the home; workplaces may have chemicals in use that, when inhaled, can result in harm to you and your baby. Your employer should provide you with personal protective equipment or other task assignments if you are exposed to chemicals or dust in the workplace.
German measles (rubella) can cause intellectual disability, heart abnormalities, cataracts, and deafness, with the highest risk occurring in the first twenty weeks of pregnancy. Fortunately, this illness can be prevented by immunization, although you must not get immunized against rubella during pregnancy. If you are unsure whether you're immune, your obstetrician can order a blood test. In the unlikely event that you're not immune, you must do your best to avoid sick children, especially during the first three months of pregnancy. It is then recommended you get immunized after giving birth to prevent this same concern in the future.
Herpes is an infection that newborns can get at the time of birth. Most often, it occurs as the infant moves through the birth canal of a mother infected with genital herpes. Babies who get a herpes viral infection may develop fluid-filled blisters on the skin that can break and then crust over. A more serious form of the disease can progress into a severe and potentially fatal inflammation of the brain called encephalitis. When a herpes infection occurs, it is often treated with an antiviral medication called acyclovir. For the last month of pregnancy, your doctor may advise taking preventive medications like acyclovir or valacyclovir to reduce the risk of an outbreak. If you have an outbreak or feel symptoms of one coming on during your delivery time, you should notify your obstetrician, and a Cesarean section (or C-section) may be recommended to decrease the risk of exposure to the baby.
Flu. Infants under six months of age are at high risk if they acquire influenza, or the flu. One way to protect your newborn from the flu is to get the flu vaccine yourself if you are pregnant during flu season. This is especially important because pregnancy puts you at higher risk of complications from getting the flu. Adults and all children over six months of age should be immunized during flu season, typically from early fall to late spring, to prevent passing this deadly respiratory illness to young infants.
During your pregnancy, do not forget about your oral health. Mothers can unintentionally pass cavity-causing bacteria to their newborn baby, which can increase a child's risk for tooth decay. Preventive dental work while pregnant is essential to avoid oral infections such as gum disease, which has been linked to preterm labor and low birth weight. Dental cleanings, X-rays, fillings, and annual check-ups during pregnancy are safe and important.
To reduce the risk of flu and its potentially serious complications, CDC recommends that everyone 6 months and older get a seasonal flu vaccine. Getting a seasonal flu vaccine is especially important for young children because they are at increased risk of getting severe illness from flu.
Children younger than 6 months old have the highest risk for being hospitalized from flu compared to children of other ages but are too young to get a flu vaccine. Because flu vaccines are not approved for use in children younger than 6 months old, protecting them from flu is especially important.
To keep your baby healthy, anyone handling your little one should be up to date on their vaccines and help only if they feel well. But if you don't feel up to having guests or have other concerns, don't feel guilty about limiting visitors.
Bonding happens during the first hours and days after birth when parents make a deep connection with their child. Physical closeness can help form an emotional link and help your baby develop in other ways. Another way to think of bonding is "falling in love" with your baby. Kids thrive from having a parent or other adult in their life who loves them unconditionally.
Sounds: Babies usually love vocal sounds, such as talking, babbling, singing, and cooing. Your baby will probably enjoy listening to soft music. Baby rattles and musical mobiles are other good ways to stimulate your infant's hearing. If your little one is fussy, try singing, reciting poetry and nursery rhymes, or reading aloud as you sway or rock your baby gently in a chair.
Some babies can be unusually sensitive to touch, light, or sound. They might startle and cry easily, sleep less than expected, or turn their faces away when someone speaks or sings to them. If that's the case with your baby, keep noise and light levels low to medium.
For the first few weeks, babies get sponge baths. Then, after the umbilical cord stump falls off and the circumcision heals (if your baby was circumcised), babies can have baths in a sink or small plastic infant tub.
When your baby is ready for tub baths, the first ones should be gentle and brief. If your baby gets upset, go back to sponge baths for a week or two, then try the tub bath again. A bath two or three times a week in the first year is fine. More frequent bathing may be drying to the baby's skin.
Another good way to tell if a breastfed baby is getting milk is to notice if your breasts feel full before feeding your baby and less full after feeding. If you're formula-feeding, you can easily see if your baby is getting enough to eat. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about your baby's growth or feeding schedule.
RSV can also cause more severe infections such as bronchiolitis, an inflammation of the small airways in the lung, and pneumonia, an infection of the lungs. It is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children younger than 1 year of age.
Babies, just like adults, need the right cues to learn when it is time to sleep. For example, if you always put your baby in their crib to sleep, they will learn that this is the place where they sleep. This may not work right away, but over time, your baby will come to understand.
At this age, babies sleep an average of 14 hours a day, but anything less or more can be normal for your baby. By 4 months, most babies need three naps a day; one in the morning, afternoon and early evening.
Even the natural sugars in breast milk and formula can kick-start the process of tooth decay. And even though primary teeth start falling out when kids are around 6 years old, what happens before then will influence your child's dental health over the long term. Research shows that diet and dental hygiene habits during a child's infant and toddler years reduces the risk of tooth decay as they become older.
No bottles in bed. Putting your child to sleep with a bottle allows the sugars found in formula and breast milk to linger on teeth, setting the stage for tooth decay. (In fact, many doctors and dentists refer to early cavities as baby bottle tooth decay).
Handle pacifiers, spoons and cups with care. Tooth decay-causing bacteria can easily move from mouth to mouth. So, for example, you should avoid putting a pacifier in your mouth and then giving it to your child, or tasting your baby's food before offering them a bite from the same spoon.
Introduce a cup around your child's first birthday. Teaching young ones to drink from a cup can help prevent tooth decay. Plan to begin moving your child from the breast or bottle to a lidded cup around 12 months. Milk, breast milk and formula can be given at mealtimes, but fill your child's cup with plain water in between.
Avoid using cups or bottles to soothe your child. When little ones get fussy, it's tempting to offer them a little formula or milk, but this exposes little teeth to sugars for long periods. Use a regular pacifier to calm your child, but be sure not to dip it in honey or any other sweetener.
Limit sticky fruits and treats. Some foods can cling to a child's teeth, giving bad-guy bacteria plenty of sugar to feast on. Sticky foods that promote tooth decay include raisins and other dried fruits, gummy candies, taffy, fruit roll-ups and snack bars with honey or molasses. Try to limit these foods in your child's diet and have kids brush or rinse with plain water after eating them. 2351a5e196
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