Highway breakdowns are among the most dangerous and high-stress situations a driver can face. With traffic moving at high speeds and limited room for error, a sudden mechanical failure on the highway can quickly turn from a minor inconvenience into a serious hazard. Each year, thousands of collisions and injuries occur involving stranded vehicles on busy highways—many of which are preventable with the right response.

This guide outlines exactly what to do if your car breaks down in Riyadh on the highway—step-by-step—so you can stay safe, protect other drivers, and handle the situation with confidence.

Immediate Safety Response: First 60 Seconds

Stay Calm and Assess the Situation

Remain calm. Panic impairs judgment and reaction time. Your first priority is safety—not fixing the problem.
Listen for unusual noises, feel for loss of power or steering, and check for visible smoke or dashboard warnings. These clues help determine the severity and urgency of the issue.

Get to Safety Immediately

Use your remaining control and momentum to steer as far to the right as possible. Safely exit active traffic lanes by moving onto the shoulder, emergency lane, or, ideally, an exit ramp or service area.
Avoid abrupt lane changes. Signal your intentions, move steadily, and stay alert to surrounding traffic.

If the engine shuts off, coast while steering toward safety. Even a few extra feet off the road greatly increase your protection from high-speed vehicles.

Essential Safety Procedures Once Stopped

Make Your Vehicle Visible

• Turn on hazard lights the moment you stop. These flashing lights alert other drivers that your vehicle is disabled.
  
  

• Use parking lights in fog, rain, or low light conditions to increase visibility further.
  
  

• Turn on interior lights at night. This helps passing traffic and responders see inside the vehicle.
  
  

• Raise your hood only if it’s safe—preferably from the passenger side. An open hood is a universal signal of distress but should never come at the risk of your safety.
  
  

Exit Safely and Position Yourself

• Always exit through the passenger side when possible to avoid stepping into traffic.
  
  

• Before exiting, check for vehicles that may drift onto the shoulder.
  
  

• If available, move behind a guardrail or barrier. These structures offer protection from accidental impact.
  
  

• Stay at least 100 feet away from your vehicle, especially if it's stopped on a narrow shoulder. Always face oncoming traffic so you can react to danger.
  
  

Warning Device Placement and Visibility

Reflective Triangles and Flares

• Place reflective triangles 45 to 100 meters (approximately 150 to 330 feet) behind your car, depending on traffic speed and visibility. Highways require more distance for oncoming drivers to react.
  
  

• Never place warning devices on interstates or roads where pedestrian access is prohibited unless it's completely safe to do so. In many cases, it’s safer to rely solely on your hazard lights and open hood.
  
  

• Use flares or reflective markers only if you're trained and can deploy them safely without stepping into traffic.
  
  

• Adjust placement distance based on speed. For highways with 70+ mph traffic, use the maximum recommended distance for any device to give drivers time to slow down or switch lanes.
  
  

Boosting Visibility and Staying Safe

Wearing reflective vests can significantly increase your visibility, especially in low-light conditions such as dusk, nighttime, or during bad weather. Many roadside emergency kits include them for this reason.

Use flashlights to signal for help, especially in dark or low-visibility conditions. Waving a flashlight helps alert other drivers and passing responders to your presence. However, never shine the beam directly into oncoming traffic—this can impair drivers’ vision and cause accidents.

Always face traffic when using your phone or signaling for help. This positioning helps you stay aware of approaching vehicles and sudden changes in traffic behavior. Avoid turning your back to the road under any circumstances.

Never stand between your vehicle and oncoming traffic. In the event of a collision, this area offers no protection. Instead, position yourself on the safe side of the car—ideally behind a guardrail or well off the shoulder—with a clear escape path if conditions suddenly change.

Calling for Help: Who to Contact and When

Emergency Services vs. Roadside Assistance

Call roadside assistance when you’re safely off the highway and not in immediate danger. These services are equipped to handle breakdowns, flat tires, dead batteries, and other non-life-threatening issues.

Call emergency services (e.g., police or ambulance) if:

• You're stranded in a travel lane or can't move the vehicle
  
  

• There's a fire, smoke, or fuel leak
  
  

• Anyone is injured
  
  

• Traffic is at risk due to your vehicle's position
  
  

Providing Accurate Information

To get help quickly and efficiently, communicate the following:

• Your exact location: Include the highway name/number, direction of travel (e.g., northbound), the closest mile marker, exit number, or visible landmarks.
  
  

• Vehicle details: Share the make, model, color, and license plate number to help responders find you, especially in high-traffic areas.
  
  

• Problem description: Explain what happened—flat tire, engine died, smoke, fluid leaks, etc.—so dispatchers send the right equipment and personnel.
  
  

• Number of passengers: Mention if there are children, elderly persons, pets, or anyone with medical needs. This allows responders to plan appropriately.
  
  

Vehicle Assessment: What to Check Safely

Visual Inspection from a Distance

Before approaching your vehicle closely, take a moment to observe the following from a safe location:

• Damage, leaks, or smoke: Any signs of visible trouble—like steam from under the hood or puddles beneath the car—indicate serious issues. Avoid touching or opening the hood if you suspect overheating or fire risk.
  
  

• Tires and wheels: Look for flat or visibly damaged tires, or wheels that appear misaligned—these are common breakdown causes.
  
  

• Fluids: Check for any noticeable leaks. Oil is typically brown or black, coolant is usually green or orange, and transmission fluid may appear red.
  
  

• Lights and electronics: Are your hazard lights working? If dashboard lights, gauges, or electronic components aren’t functioning, it may indicate battery or alternator issues.
  
  

Engine and Mechanical Quick Checks

If it's safe to do so and you're positioned away from traffic:

• Check for overheating: Steam, high temperature gauge readings, or a sweet burning smell may signal coolant issues or engine overheating. Do not open the radiator cap.
  
  

• Listen for strange sounds: Squealing, knocking, or grinding can be signs of failing belts, engine trouble, or brake issues.
  
  

• Belts and hoses: From a safe angle—preferably on the passenger side—look for visibly broken or loose belts and hoses. Never do this if the engine is hot or you detect fuel odors.
  
  

• Dashboard warnings: Pay attention to any warning lights. Symbols for oil pressure, engine temperature, battery, or check engine can give clues about what’s wrong.
  
  

Waiting for Help: Safety While Stranded

Staying Safe Inside vs. Outside the Vehicle

• Remain outside behind barriers if you can safely exit your vehicle and reach a protected area. Standing behind guardrails or concrete barriers provides maximum safety from passing traffic while allowing you to remain visible to emergency responders.
  
  

• Stay inside with your seatbelt fastened if you cannot exit safely or if no safe area is available. Keep the doors locked and remain alert to changing conditions, including weather and traffic.
  
  

• Keep your doors locked if waiting inside the vehicle. Only open them for clearly identified emergency responders or roadside assistance personnel. Be cautious of strangers offering help and verify their identity before accepting assistance.
  
  

• Monitor surroundings constantly for changes like worsening weather, shifting traffic patterns, or signs of approaching hazards. Be ready to adapt your position or take further safety steps if necessary.
  
  

Communication and Updates

• Maintain regular contact with emergency services or roadside assistance to receive updates and confirm that help is on the way. Report any changes to your condition or location.
  
  

• Inform family members about your situation, including your location and estimated time for help to arrive. This gives you a safety backup and keeps loved ones reassured.
  
  

• Keep your phone charged and available. Use power-saving settings to conserve battery. Avoid unnecessary use so your phone is ready for communication or emergencies.
  
  

• Be ready to relocate if conditions become unsafe. Have a mental plan to move to a safer location if traffic risk increases or severe weather approaches.
  
  

Special Situations and Conditions

Night and Poor Weather Breakdowns

• Maximize lighting using all available tools such as hazard lights, interior dome lights, and flashlights. These increase your visibility to other drivers during night or adverse weather.
  
  

• Expect longer response times and reduced visibility. Bad weather and nighttime conditions can delay responders and reduce reaction time for other drivers.
  
  

• Take extra precautions in rain, snow, or fog. These increase the risk of secondary accidents. Ensure your vehicle is as visible as possible and avoid standing in exposed areas.
  
  

• Prepare for longer waits by staying warm or cool as needed, managing comfort for any passengers, and preserving phone battery for extended periods.
  
  

High-Traffic and Dangerous Locations

• Follow strict safety procedures on busy highways. High-speed traffic increases the risk of injury, so move to a safe place and stay there until help arrives.
  
  

• Be alert in construction zones. Reduced lanes and unclear shoulder space make these areas hazardous. Look for posted emergency instructions and use extreme caution.
  
  

• Call emergency services immediately if stranded on bridges or in tunnels. These areas often require a special response due to space limitations and safety concerns.
  
  

• Know when to evacuate vs. shelter in place. If a safe location is nearby, evacuate. Otherwise, stay put and wait for assistance unless your current position becomes too dangerous.
  
  

What NOT to Do During Highway Breakdowns

Dangerous Actions to Avoid

• Don’t attempt repairs while on an active roadway. Even simple tasks like changing a tire are extremely dangerous near fast-moving traffic.
  
  

• Never push your vehicle into traffic lanes. If you can’t move the car under its own power, leave it and move to safety.
  
  

• Avoid standing between your car and traffic. This area provides no protection and is often the site of serious injuries during secondary accidents.
  
  

• Don’t place warning devices on motorways or high-speed roads where pedestrian access is prohibited. Let your hazard lights do the job in these conditions.
  
  

Common Mistakes That Increase Risk

• Driving through mechanical issues can cause further damage and increase the likelihood of breakdowns in dangerous areas.
  
  

• Exiting on the traffic side is risky. Always try to leave through the passenger side and check for vehicles before opening any door.
  
  

• Walking on highways for help is unnecessary and dangerous. Use your phone instead—stay with your vehicle unless there's no other option.
  
  

• Ignoring weather and visibility increases risk. Adjust your actions to suit current road conditions to stay safe.
  
  

Prevention and Preparedness Strategies

Vehicle Maintenance for Breakdown Prevention

• Perform regular inspections of your brakes, tires, fluids, and electrical systems. Preventive maintenance keeps your vehicle in top condition and avoids highway emergencies.
  
  

• Monitor tire condition carefully. Keep tire pressure within recommended limits and replace worn or damaged tires promptly.
  
  

• Watch for fluid leaks and check levels regularly. Low or leaking coolant, oil, or brake fluid can cause sudden failures.
  
  

• Maintain the battery and electrical system. Weak batteries and poor connections are common causes of breakdowns. Clean terminals and have your battery tested periodically.
  
  

Emergency Kit and Preparation

• Pack a complete emergency kit. Include flashlights, high-visibility vests, reflective triangles, jumper cables, a tire pressure gauge, blankets, water, snacks, and basic tools.
  
  

• Consider roadside assistance coverage that fits your driving needs and patterns. It can save time, reduce risk, and offer peace of mind in emergencies.
  
  

• Organize emergency contacts. Keep numbers for roadside services, insurance companies, and family in both your phone and a written list in your glovebox.
  
  

• Plan your routes and share travel details with someone you trust. Establish check-in points if you're traveling long distances.
  
  

Legal and Insurance Considerations

State Laws and Regulations

• Move Over laws require passing drivers to slow down or change lanes when approaching stopped vehicles with flashing lights. Knowing this helps you understand what to expect from other drivers.
  
  

• Know required safety gear for your state. Some states may mandate certain emergency tools like triangles or vests for highway driving.
  
  

• Be aware of liability rules in breakdown scenarios. If your stopped vehicle causes a hazard or accident, your actions may affect how insurance handles it.
  
  

• Understand towing and storage laws. After a breakdown, your vehicle may be moved or stored at your expense. Knowing your rights and responsibilities helps prevent confusion and added costs.
  
  

Insurance Coverage and Claims

Understanding Your Insurance Options

Roadside assistance coverage varies widely between insurers and policy types. It's important to review your specific policy to understand what’s included, such as towing service, battery jumpstarts, lockout services, or fuel delivery. Know your service limits, coverage areas, and claim procedures before a breakdown occurs.

Comprehensive or collision coverage may help cover damage resulting from mechanical failures or accidents caused by breakdowns. Review your policy to know what qualifies, and understand the necessary documentation for filing claims.

For successful insurance claims related to breakdowns, you’ll typically need:

• Photos of the damage
  
  

• Service receipts
  
  

• Police reports (if applicable)
  
  

• A written summary of the incident
  
  

Proper documentation ensures smoother processing and maximizes your reimbursement.

Some insurers work with preferred provider networks for towing and repairs. These networks often allow direct billing and guaranteed service quality, which can reduce your out-of-pocket expenses during emergencies.

Technology and Modern Solutions

Mobile Apps and Digital Tools

Modern roadside assistance apps can help you:

• Share your GPS location for precise positioning
  
  

• Request services without calling
  
  

• Track service arrival times
  
  

• Communicate directly with dispatchers
  
  

Some apps also store emergency contact and medical information, which can be crucial if you’re injured or unable to speak. Ensure your information is updated for responders to access during an emergency.

Real-time traffic and weather apps help you avoid dangerous areas and make informed decisions while on the road, especially in situations where route changes are needed due to breakdowns or hazards.

Vehicle Technology for Prevention

Many modern vehicles are equipped with advanced systems designed to prevent breakdowns, such as:

• Diagnostic warnings: Dashboard alerts for low oil pressure, overheating, or battery issues
  
  

• Automatic emergency calling: Built-in systems that contact emergency services after a crash or major system failure
  
  

• Predictive maintenance alerts: Sensors that notify you of worn components before they fail
  
  

• Connected safety features: Some vehicles communicate with emergency services or other vehicles to improve response time and situational awareness
  
  

Familiarize yourself with these features in your vehicle and ensure they are correctly set up.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should I wait before calling for help?

You should call for help immediately after ensuring your safety. Waiting can put you at risk. Once you’ve secured yourself and your vehicle, reach out to roadside assistance or emergency services if needed.

What if my car breaks down in the left lane?

Activate your hazard lights immediately and try to coast to the right shoulder if possible. If you’re stuck in the left lane, call emergency services right away. Do not exit the vehicle unless you can reach a safe area away from traffic.

Should I accept help from strangers?

Exercise caution. Politely decline help from unverified individuals. It’s safer to wait for professional roadside assistance. If someone offers help, you can ask them to call for official help rather than trying to fix the issue themselves.

What information should I give to emergency services?

Be ready to provide:

• Your exact location (highway name, mile marker, direction of travel)
  
  

• Vehicle make, model, color, and license plate
  
  

• Description of the issue and any immediate safety concerns
  
  

• Number of passengers and any medical or special needs
  
  

Stay on the line until the dispatcher confirms all information.

How do I know if it's safe to exit the vehicle?

Exit only if you can do so safely through the passenger side and reach a protected area like behind a barrier. If the shoulder is narrow or traffic is heavy, it's safer to stay inside with your seatbelt fastened and hazard lights on.

What should I do if I don’t have a cell phone?

If you're on a major highway, look for emergency call boxes. These are often placed at regular intervals. If none are available, signal for help with your hazard lights, raised hood, or by waving a cloth or flashlight—but only from a safe position.

Are breakdown procedures different for motorcycles?

Yes. Motorcyclists should prioritize visibility and personal safety:

• Move far off the road if possible
  
  

• Use reflective gear and bright clothing
  
  

• Place warning devices effectively, considering your smaller vehicle size
  
  

Motorcycles offer less protection, so the rider's position is especially important.

Conclusion

Highway breakdowns are emergencies that demand calm, decisive actions to keep you and others safe. Knowing what to do can make all the difference.

Your top priority during any roadside emergency should be safety, not speed or convenience. Remaining visible, avoiding high-speed traffic lanes, and waiting for help in the safest possible location can prevent serious accidents.

Preparation is the best protection against panic. By maintaining your vehicle, having a stocked emergency kit, and understanding your insurance and roadside assistance coverage, you turn a high-risk situation into a manageable inconvenience.

Take Action Today:

• Pack a complete emergency kit in your car
  
  

• Review and update your roadside assistance coverage
  
  

• Share safety procedures with family members and new drivers
  
  

• Practice what to do in different emergency situations
  
  

Being ready in advance means you’ll respond with confidence if the unexpected happens on the road.