Wolves are legendary because of their spine-tingling howl, which they use to communicate. A lone wolf howls to attract the attention of his pack, while communal howls may send territorial messages from one pack to another. Some howls are confrontational. Much like barking domestic dogs, wolves may simply begin howling because a nearby wolf has already begun.

Wolf Connection is a leader in Wolf Therapy and the registered owner of the Wolf Therapy trademark. Wolf Connection successfully integrates the teachings of the wolves with a therapeutic, evidence-based practice, and holistic animal training for the wolves and wolfdogs. We adhere to strict policies and procedures ensuring safe practices amongst handlers who are experienced in behavioral awareness of both the wolf and themselves in relation to the wolves. Wolf Connection(R) and Wolf Therapy (R) are not associated with the therapeutic claims of any other organization.


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The Mexican wolf is the rarest subspecies of gray wolf in North America. Once common throughout portions of the southwestern United States, the Mexican wolf was all but eliminated from the wild by the 1970s. In 1977, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initiated efforts to conserve the species. In 1998, Mexican wolves were released to the wild for the first time in the Blue Range Wolf Recovery Area within the Mexican Wolf Experimental Population Area. Missing from the landscape for more than 30 years, the howl of the Mexican wolf can once again be heard in the mountains of the southwestern United States.

The Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi), is the smallest, southern-most occurring, rarest, and most genetically distinct subspecies of gray wolf in North America. Mexican wolves typically weigh 50 - 80 pounds and measure about 5  feet from nose to tail, and stand 28 to 32 inches at the shoulder. They have a distinctive, richly colored coat of buff, gray, rust, and black, often with distinguishing facial patterns; solid black or white variations do not exist as with other North American gray wolves.

Wisconsin's population remains healthy and secure in the state. The department will continue its robust wolf population monitoring program and the development of an updated wolf management plan. The DNR will continue to partner with USDA-Wildlife Services to address wolf conflicts in Wisconsin.

If you suspect wolves in the depredation of livestock, pets or hunting dogs, or if wolves are exhibiting threatening or dangerous behavior, contact USDA-Wildlife Services staff immediately. If in northern Wisconsin, call 1-800-228-1368 or 715-369-5221; in southern Wisconsin, call 1-800-433-0663 or 920-324-4514. While gray wolves are listed as a federally endangered species, it remains unlawful to shoot a wolf unless there is an immediate threat to human safety.

Current state law (s. 29.185, Wis. Stats.) directs the department to allow the hunting and trapping of wolves when wolves are not listed on the federal or state list of threatened and endangered species. Among many aspects, this law identifies that a single annual open season for both hunting and trapping wolves shall begin on the first Saturday in November of each year and end on the last day of February of the following year. Management zones may be closed prior to this date if the department determines a closure is necessary to effectively manage the wolf population, such as if harvest quotas are reached prior to the end of the season.

In years with a wolf harvest season, wolf harvest licenses are issued through an application and two-stage drawing process, as identified in state statute. The initial drawing for 50% of the available licenses is issued through a random lottery in which all applicants are entered. The remaining 50% of the available licenses are issued based on the cumulative preference points of applicants, which provides unsuccessful applicants from prior years a greater chance to obtain a license. Residency status does not influence the drawing. Each awarded license, once purchased, allows the licensed hunter or trapper to harvest one wolf by any legal method.

Basic trapper education has been a mandatory requirement for anyone wanting to trap in Wisconsin since 1992 (with some exemptions for landowners, farmers and those grandfathered in). Trapper education is a collaborative effort between the Wisconsin Trappers Association (WTA) and the department and is serviced through the Wisconsin Cooperative Trapper Education Program (WCTEP). This program provides important information on basic biology, trapper responsibility, rules and regulations, traps and trap systems and trapper ethics to thousands of interested participants annually. Through this cooperative program, advanced wolf trapper education workshops have also been offered in some years at facilities across the state. Like the basic trapper education program, advanced wolf workshops focus on traps, trap systems, trapper responsibility, rules and regulations. Throughout the program, there is an emphasis on respect for the animals as well as respect for other citizens.

A core component of the wolf trapper education curriculum is focused on the Best Management Practices for Trapping. Best Management Practices (BMPs) are carefully researched educational guides to address animal welfare and increase trappers' efficiency and selectivity (AFWA 2019). First initiated by the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies in 1997, with support from all fifty states, BMPs for trapping are intended to inform people about traps and trapping systems considered to be state-of-the-art in animal welfare and efficiency. Development of BMPs has been ongoing with a strong focus on the identification of practical traps and trapping techniques that continue to improve efficiency, selectivity and the welfare of trapped animals. This program provides specifications for traps that meet or exceed all five criteria of efficiency, selectivity, safety, practicality and animal welfare. The BMP program provides wildlife management professionals and the public with the data necessary to ensure appropriate animal welfare in regulated trapping programs. It also promotes regulated trapping as a modern-day wildlife management tool and instills public confidence and support through the sharing of science-based information. The wolf trapping BMP, recently updated in 2019 and readily available online, is the product of ongoing trap research in Wisconsin, Minnesota and several Canadian provinces. The department and the Wisconsin Trappers Association have contributed actively to developing and disseminating BMPs.

Dog owners are reminded to exercise caution in wolf-occupied areas, especially those using their dogs to hunt. Conflicts between hunting dogs and wolves are most common during the bear training and hunting season. Dogs have also been depredated, pursuing other wildlife, including foxes, coyotes, bobcats, rabbits, snowshoe hares and upland birds. For additional guidance and information about protecting pet dogs and bear hounds from wolves, see guidance for hound and pet dog owners.

The DNR establishes wolf caution areas where conflicts have occurred. Caution areas can be viewed through the wolf depredation application. Individuals hunting or pursuing wildlife with the aid of dogs should view caution areas and take precautions to help reduce conflicts. In addition to the website resources, anyone can subscribe for free to the department's text messaging update system to receive timely alerts and updates on various topics, including wolf conflicts.

Anyone suspecting a wolf attack in northern Wisconsin should call USDA-WS immediately at 1-800-228-1368 (in-state) or 715-369-5221. In southern Wisconsin, call 1-800-433-0663 (in-state) or 920-324-4514.

The act creates the wolf depredation compensation fund (fund) to compensate landowners and agricultural producers for wolf depredation of livestock and working animals. For the 2023-24 state fiscal year, the state treasurer is directed to transfer $175,000 from the general fund to the fund, and for each state fiscal year thereafter, the state treasurer is directed to transfer $350,000 from the general fund to the fund. At the end of the 2023-24 and 2024-25 state fiscal years, any unencumbered balance in the fund that exceeds $100,000 is used to implement the gray wolf restoration and management plan (plan). At the end of subsequent state fiscal years, any unencumbered balance in the fund that exceeds 120% of the amount spent from the fund in the previous state fiscal year is used to implement the plan.

The social order in the pack is characterized by a separate dominance hierarchy among females and males. In most areas wolf packs tend to remain within a territory used almost exclusively by pack members, with only occasional overlap in the ranges of neighboring packs.

Despite a generally high birth rate, wolves rarely become abundant because mortality is also high. In much of Alaska, the major sources of mortality are: predation by other wolves; hunting; and trapping. Diseases, malnutrition, and accidents also help regulate wolf numbers. Predation by other wolves is a major cause of death because wolves defend their territories from other wolves. Dispersing wolves (e.g., young adults) are common but they typically find little suitable habitat that is not already occupied by other wolves. 17dc91bb1f

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