In ancient times, the Taman Peninsula was inhabited by Scythian tribes. In ancient times, it became part of the Bosporan Kingdom, which was inhabited by Greeks, Sarmatians and local peoples. On the Taman Peninsula were the Greek colonies of Hermonassa and Phanagoria. In IV century the peninsula was conquered by Huns, later it was the center of the Great Bulgaria and in the middle of VII century went to the Khazars. After the defeat of the Khazar Kaganate by Kievan prince Svyatoslav in 969, the peninsula was conquered by Kievan Rus, and there was a Tmutarakan principality, which was governed by the son of Vladimir the Great, Mstislav Vladimirovich. By the beginning of the twelfth century, this Russian principality ceased to exist, and subsequently the peninsula was inhabited mainly by Circassian tribes.
In the times of Greek colonization, the cult of Hermes was widespread on the Taman Peninsula. Winemaking also dates back to the ancient times of Hermonassa and Phanagoria.