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Lesson 1 - the 1938 Day of Mourning
Lesson 1 - the 1938 Day of Mourning
to know - the 1938 Day of mourning
to know - the 1938 Day of mourning
to be able to - explain the significance of the day of mourning using sources and evaluating their usefulness
to be able to - explain the significance of the day of mourning using sources and evaluating their usefulness
task 1 - introduction to the day of mourning
task 1 - introduction to the day of mourning
Write down three facts from this video while you are watching it.
Write down three facts from this video while you are watching it.
The purpose of this video is to explain the 1938 Day of Mourning in its entirety, but also to show you why this event is relevant for us now.
The purpose of this video is to explain the 1938 Day of Mourning in its entirety, but also to show you why this event is relevant for us now.
It does got for 7:23, but it is one of the most important and relevant resources I will show you during this unit.
It does got for 7:23, but it is one of the most important and relevant resources I will show you during this unit.
the 1938 day of mourning
the 1938 day of mourning
January 26 1938, marked the 150th anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet.
January 26 1938, marked the 150th anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet.
While many Australians celebrated this, a group of First Nations men and women gathered at Australia Hall in Sydney. This event is known as the first Day of Mourning.
While many Australians celebrated this, a group of First Nations men and women gathered at Australia Hall in Sydney. This event is known as the first Day of Mourning.
They had gathered to continue a struggle that had begun 150 years previously. They met to move the following resolution:
They had gathered to continue a struggle that had begun 150 years previously. They met to move the following resolution:
Poster advertising the Day of Mourning
Source - AIATSIS Collection RPF ABOR
the two perspectives of january 26 1938
the two perspectives of january 26 1938
celebrations of the 150th anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet
celebrations of the 150th anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet
Uncle Jack Charles reads the Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet
Uncle Jack Charles reads the Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet
Organisations that drove the Day of Mourning
Organisations that drove the Day of Mourning
You can access Cooper's petition by clicking this image
William Cooper
Source - Horner (AITSIS Collection)
The Australian Aborigines League (AAL)
The Australian Aborigines League (AAL)
The Australian Aborigines League was established in 1932 by William Cooper.
The Australian Aborigines League was established in 1932 by William Cooper.
William Cooper (via the AAL) created a petition across Australia throughout 1933 and 1934. The petition called upon the government to improve living conditions for Aboriginal people and to enact legislation that would guarantee Aboriginal representation in Parliament.
William Cooper (via the AAL) created a petition across Australia throughout 1933 and 1934. The petition called upon the government to improve living conditions for Aboriginal people and to enact legislation that would guarantee Aboriginal representation in Parliament.
Cooper sent the petition to Prime Minister Joseph Lyons in an undated letter in August of 1937 with the intention of Lyons forwarding it to King George VI.
Cooper sent the petition to Prime Minister Joseph Lyons in an undated letter in August of 1937 with the intention of Lyons forwarding it to King George VI.
the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA)
the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA)
The Aborigines Progressive Association (APA) was launched in 1937 by William Ferguson and Jack Patten.
The Aborigines Progressive Association (APA) was launched in 1937 by William Ferguson and Jack Patten.
In early January of 1938, Jack Patten and William Ferguson published the pamphlet titled Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights. The pamphlet described the thoughts of and conditions for First Nations people in Australia from their own perspective and also promoted The Day of Mourning.
In early January of 1938, Jack Patten and William Ferguson published the pamphlet titled Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights. The pamphlet described the thoughts of and conditions for First Nations people in Australia from their own perspective and also promoted The Day of Mourning.
The publication of this pamhlet lead to The Australian Abo Call which was the first Aboriginal-focused publication printed in Australia
The publication of this pamhlet lead to The Australian Abo Call which was the first Aboriginal-focused publication printed in Australia
You can access the full pamphlet by clicking on this image.
the significance of the 1938 day of mourning
the significance of the 1938 day of mourning
The first Day of Mourning was the result of years of work by the Australian Aborigines League (AAL) and the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA).
The first Day of Mourning was the result of years of work by the Australian Aborigines League (AAL) and the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA).
The Day of Mourning became the inspiration for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander activism throughout the remainder of the twentieth century.
The Day of Mourning became the inspiration for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander activism throughout the remainder of the twentieth century.
In the early 1960s, the AAL and APA would reform and reshape and become the driving force calling for a constitutional referendum that would take place in 1967.
In the early 1960s, the AAL and APA would reform and reshape and become the driving force calling for a constitutional referendum that would take place in 1967.
The AAL was able to persuade many religious denominations to declare the Sunday before Australia Day as ‘Aboriginal Sunday’. This was to serve as a reminder of the unjust treatment of Indigenous people. The first of these took place in 1940.
The AAL was able to persuade many religious denominations to declare the Sunday before Australia Day as ‘Aboriginal Sunday’. This was to serve as a reminder of the unjust treatment of Indigenous people. The first of these took place in 1940.
In 1957, with support and cooperation from federal and state governments, the churches and major Indigenous organisations, a National Aborigines Day Observance Committee (NADOC) was formed, which continues to this day as NAIDOC.
In 1957, with support and cooperation from federal and state governments, the churches and major Indigenous organisations, a National Aborigines Day Observance Committee (NADOC) was formed, which continues to this day as NAIDOC.
Extract from Jack Patten and William Ferguson's Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplhet
Source - The Aborigines Progressive Association, Patten and Ferguson (National Archives of Australia)
Newspaper article from the first Day of Mourning
From the left is William Ferguson, Jack Kinchela, Isaac Ingram, Doris Williams, Esther Ingram, Arthur Williams, Phillip Ingram, Louisa Agnes Ingram OAM holding daughter Olive Ingram, and Jack Patton. The name of the person in the background to the right is not known at this stage.
Source - Horner (AITSIS Collection)
Task 2 - The Day of Mourning Sources
Task 2 - The Day of Mourning Sources
Source - National Archives of Australia
Source 1 - William Cooper’s correspondence to Prime Minister Joseph Lyons (1937) regarding the Petition to the King, ‘Representation of Aborigines in Commonwealth Parliament’
Source 1 - William Cooper’s correspondence to Prime Minister Joseph Lyons (1937) regarding the Petition to the King, ‘Representation of Aborigines in Commonwealth Parliament’
Read the source before answering these questions.
Read the source before answering these questions.
1 - Who was the author of this source?
1 - Who was the author of this source?
2 - Who was the intended audience of this source?
2 - Who was the intended audience of this source?
3 - What was the purpose of Cooper's petition? You should have two answers here.
3 - What was the purpose of Cooper's petition? You should have two answers here.
Source 2 - Extracts from Jack Patten and William Ferguson's Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights (1938)
Source 2 - Extracts from Jack Patten and William Ferguson's Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights (1938)
Read the source before answering these questions.
Read the source before answering these questions.
Read the One Hundred and Fifty Years extract
Read the One Hundred and Fifty Years extract
1 - What did the 150th anniversary of the First Fleet mean to First Nations people?
1 - What did the 150th anniversary of the First Fleet mean to First Nations people?
2 - Think about your learning from this lesson and last lesson. Why did Patten and Ferguson write the word progress in quotation marks?
2 - Think about your learning from this lesson and last lesson. Why did Patten and Ferguson write the word progress in quotation marks?
3 - Patten and Ferguson address "the reader of this appeal." Who was the audience for this pamphlet?
3 - Patten and Ferguson address "the reader of this appeal." Who was the audience for this pamphlet?
4 - What did Patten and Ferguson encourage the reader to reflect on?
4 - What did Patten and Ferguson encourage the reader to reflect on?
Read The Old Australians extract
Read The Old Australians extract
5 - How did Patten and Ferguson contrast Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians?
5 - How did Patten and Ferguson contrast Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians?
6 - What did Patten and Ferguson say about the treatment of First Nations people since the arrival of The First Fleet?
6 - What did Patten and Ferguson say about the treatment of First Nations people since the arrival of The First Fleet?
7 - Identify three emotive words or phrases in this extract from the Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet and record them in your notes. For each word or phrase, explain Patten and Ferguson's purpose for using it.
7 - Identify three emotive words or phrases in this extract from the Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet and record them in your notes. For each word or phrase, explain Patten and Ferguson's purpose for using it.
Read the Plain Speaking extract
Read the Plain Speaking extract
8 - What did Patten and Ferguson want non-Indigenous Australians to admit?
8 - What did Patten and Ferguson want non-Indigenous Australians to admit?
9 - How would Patten and Ferguson have described a person who could have admitted this?
9 - How would Patten and Ferguson have described a person who could have admitted this?
10 - Why did Patten and Ferguson say that Aborigional Protection Policies were hypocritical?
10 - Why did Patten and Ferguson say that Aborigional Protection Policies were hypocritical?
Source - The Aborigines Progressive Association, Patten and Ferguson (National Archives of Australia)
Source - The Aborigines Progressive Association, Patten and Ferguson (National Archives of Australia)
Source 3 - The Day of Mourning Protest poster from the last page of Jack Patten and William Ferguson's Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet (1938)
Source 3 - The Day of Mourning Protest poster from the last page of Jack Patten and William Ferguson's Aborigines Claim Citizens Rights pamplet (1938)
Read the source before answering these questions.
Read the source before answering these questions.
1 - When was the protest?
1 - When was the protest?
2 - Where was the protest held?
2 - Where was the protest held?
3 - Who was the intended audience of this poster?
3 - Who was the intended audience of this poster?
4 - What was the purpose of this poster? Make sure you have read the paragraph under "The following Resolution will be moved:" and be specific in your answer. This answer should be at least 2-3 sentences long if done correctly.
4 - What was the purpose of this poster? Make sure you have read the paragraph under "The following Resolution will be moved:" and be specific in your answer. This answer should be at least 2-3 sentences long if done correctly.
Source 4 - Photograph of The Day of Mourning Protest
Source 4 - Photograph of The Day of Mourning Protest
Look at the source before answering these questions.
Look at the source before answering these questions.
1 - Who can you see in this photo? How does this link to the other sources?
1 - Who can you see in this photo? How does this link to the other sources?
2 - Re-read the Resolution mentioned in Source 3. Now read the caption of the photo. What did the 1938 Day of Mourning Protest achieve?
2 - Re-read the Resolution mentioned in Source 3. Now read the caption of the photo. What did the 1938 Day of Mourning Protest achieve?
Newspaper article/photo from the first Day of Mourning
From the left is William Ferguson, Jack Kinchela, Isaac Ingram, Doris Williams, Esther Ingram, Arthur Williams, Phillip Ingram, Louisa Agnes Ingram OAM holding daughter Olive Ingram, and Jack Patton. The name of the person in the background to the right is not known at this stage.
Source - Horner (AITSIS Collection)
Source - Meehan (Public Domain)
Source 5 - A photograph of Australia Day Protests in Melbourne, 26th of January 2019
Source 5 - A photograph of Australia Day Protests in Melbourne, 26th of January 2019
Look at the source before answering these questions. Activate your higher order thinking.
Look at the source before answering these questions. Activate your higher order thinking.
1 - How does this source link to The Day of Mourning in 1938?
1 - How does this source link to The Day of Mourning in 1938?
2 - Why is the 1938 Day of Mourning still relevant for modern Australia?
2 - Why is the 1938 Day of Mourning still relevant for modern Australia?
task 3 - putting your knowledge into action
task 3 - putting your knowledge into action
Answer the following question as the Laywer paragraph structure. The Lawyer is a good paragraph structure for writing in History. Time how long it takes you to complete the paragraph using the timer below.
Answer the following question as the Laywer paragraph structure. The Lawyer is a good paragraph structure for writing in History. Time how long it takes you to complete the paragraph using the timer below.
Explain the significance of The 1938 Day of Mourning protest in Sydney. In your answer, refer to relevant sources and their usefulness.
Explain the significance of The 1938 Day of Mourning protest in Sydney. In your answer, refer to relevant sources and their usefulness.
homework
homework
History has more meaning beyond the classroom
History has more meaning beyond the classroom
Teach someone about the 1938 day of mourning
Teach someone about the 1938 day of mourning
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