Job Market Paper
Entrepreneurship and Economic Resilience After Violent Tornadoes
Under Review, Economic Development Quarterly
Abstract: I investigate the impact of violent tornadoes on entrepreneurship activity in the U.S. on the ZIP code level. Combining data from National Weather Service (NWS) and the Startup Cartography Project (SCP), and employing an event study framework, I find that startup formation rate increases by around 20% immediately following a tornado, but gradually reverts within four years. However, there is no significant change in entrepreneurial quality during this period, although quality gradually increases in the long run. Further analysis reveals a strong correlation between U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) disaster loan programs and startup formation.
Working Paper
The Unexpected Effects of Place-Based Remote-Work Incentives: Evidence of Tulsa Remote Program
Under Review, The Annals of Regional Science
Abstract: Place-based remote-work incentives have emerged as a new tool for regional development, aiming to attract talent and stimulate local economies. Tulsa Remote is one of the nation’s largest and best-funded programs, offering a $10,000 grant to remote workers relocating to Tulsa, Oklahoma. This study evaluates its spillover and often unexpected effects on migration dynamics. Using county-level migration data and individual-level microdata, the analysis finds that Tulsa Remote significantly increased interstate migration while reducing intrastate inflows and increasing intrastate outflows. The program was especially successful in attracting married, middle-aged individuals with moderate incomes from high-cost metropolitan areas. These results underscore both the promise and the trade-offs of well-funded place-based policies, offering lessons for regions seeking to leverage remote work for sustainable economic growth.
Attracting Remote Workers: Overview of Programs in the US (with Cynthia Rogers)
Abstract: This study offers valuable insights into the evolving landscape of workforce dynamics and economic development strategies in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide an overview of Remote Worker Attraction (RWA) Programs in the United States focusing on well-documented programs. We highlight program heterogeneity regarding important features, including geographic level of delivery, funding sources, eligibility criteria, value, and other features. Remote work employment removes geographic access to employment from an individual's residential location decision within and across communities. We discuss how the emergence of remote work opportunities impacts interjurisdictional competition in the context of the Tiebout Hypothesis and yardstick competition. Our conclusions contribute to a deeper understanding of the landscape of RWAs and their potential to influence regional development and economic growth.
In Progress
Reshaping Entrepreneurship? Lessons from the Kansas Tax Experiment
Proposal: This project examines the impact of the 2012 Kansas Tax Experiment on entrepreneurship, using county-level data from the Startup Cartography Project (1988–2016). Leveraging modern difference-in-differences methods (Callaway & Sant’Anna, 2021), I compare Kansas counties to control regions across the Midwest and adjacent states to assess effects on startup formation rates (quantity), entrepreneurial quality, and a composite quality-adjusted quantity index. Preliminary results show an 18% decline in new business registrations by 2015, equivalent to 1,788 lost business registrations annually, revealing erosion of entrepreneurial vitality following the tax policy. The quality-adjusted quantity metric reveals a sharp and sustained decline, pointing to an erosion of entrepreneurial vitality.