Bioelectronics combines principles of biology and electronics to develop devices and technologies that interface with biological systems, including the creation of biosensors, biochips, and bioelectronic implants. By integrating electronic components with biological tissues, bioelectronics aims to advance healthcare by enabling precise diagnostics, targeted therapies, and innovative treatments.

Neural engineering merges principles from neuroscience, engineering, and computer science to understand, repair, replace, and enhance the nervous system. This field focuses on the development of technologies and devices that interact with neural tissue, including brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), neural prosthetics, and neurostimulation devices. This field aims to improve treatments for neurological disorders and advance brain-machine interactions.

Biomedical electronics combines electronic engineering with biology and medicine to create devices that monitor, diagnose, and treat health conditions. At its core, it leverages electronic components such as sensors, circuits, and signal processors to interface with biological systems. Through such innovations, biomedical electronics advances medical technology by translating physiological signals into actionable data and therapeutic solutions.

Biomedical robotics integrates robotics, mechatronics, and artificial intelligence with medicine to develop systems that assist, augment, or restore human function. This field encompasses surgical and interventional robots, rehabilitation and assistive devices, and robotic prostheses that must perceive their environment and interact safely with patients and clinicians. By uniting real-time perception, control, and human-robot interaction, biomedical robotics aims to extend clinical capability and improve patient quality of life. 

Biomedical modeling uses computational techniques to simulate biological systems, aiding in understanding, diagnosing, and treating medical conditions. It enables precise predictions of physiological responses, supports drug development, and enhances personalized medicine by creating virtual models of organs, tissues, and diseases. This field revolutionizes healthcare through detailed, data-driven insights.

Objective: Design multimodal nerve conduit using a combination of physical scaffold, nerve growth factor, and electrical stimulation to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration.

Publications:
- Under review

Objective: Design a multimodal infection control method for emergency rooms in preparation for pandemics.

Collaborators:
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University Hospital
- Department of Architecture & Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University
- International Vaccine Institute

Publications:
- J.H. Lee, J.W. Shim, M.H. Lim, C. Baek, B. Jeon, M. Cho, S. Park, D.H. Choi, D. Yoon, B.S. Kim, Y.G. Kim, S.Y. Cho, K.-M. Lee, M.-S. Yeo, H. Zo, S.D. Shin, S. Kim*, Towards Optimal Design of Patient Isolation Units in Emergency Rooms to Prevent Airborne Virus Transmission: From Computational Fluid Dynamics to Data-Driven Modeling, Computers in Biology and Medicine, Mar. 2024

Objective: Develop a fully implantable closed-loop electroceutical system for animal nerve stimulation.

Collaborators:
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital

Objective: Develop near-infrared autofluorescence parathyroid detector.

Objective: Investigate optimal metal patterning parameters for implantable neural interface using computer simulation.

Collaborators:
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital

Objective: Develop a transillumination marker for gastrointestinal surgery.

Objective: Develop fabrication method and evaluate thermoplastic polymer-based implantable neural electrode.

Collaborators:
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

Publications:
- T. Lee, J. Lee, J. Kim, C. Baek*, J-M. Seo*, A Chip Integration Method for Implantable Devices Based on Structural Embedding Using Cyclic Olefin Copolymer, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, May 2026
- C. Baek, J. Kim, Y. Lee, J. Seo*, Fabrication and Evaluation of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer based Implantable Neural Electrode, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Jan. 2020

Objective: Develop retinal prosthetic system for blind patients

Collaborators:
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

Objective: Develop a robotic scrub nurse that can deliver surgical instrument directly to the surgeon's hand through voice command.

Collaborators:
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University Hospital

Publications:
- S. Kang, J.W. Shim, G. Gimm, S.J. Choi, J.H. Lee, Y. Myong, Y.J. Kim, C. Baek*, M. Cho*, S. Kim*, Vision-based Handover and Organization of Robotic Scrub Nurse for Seamless Surgical Flow, Advanced Intelligent Systems, Apr. 2026

Objective: Develop an eye-patch that can monitor a patient's postural compliance for > 7 days after vitrectomy and tamponade.

Collaborators:
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital

Publications:
- H. Na, C. Baek, S.W. Choi, E.K. Lee, U.C. Park, K.H. Park, S. Lee*, C.K. Yoon*, Gas–Lesion Contact and Postural Compliance After Vitrectomy and Tamponade: A Continuous Monitoring and 3D Quantitative Analysis, Translational Vision Science & Technology, Jun. 2026

Objective: Investigate the effect of vagus nerve stimulation on weight loss.

Collaborators:
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

Publications:
- J. Kim, J. Kim, K. Jeong, J. Lee, J. Shin, Y.-R. Yoo, J. Yoo, T. Lee, J. LEe, G.J. Suaning, J.-M. Seo, C. Baek*, H.-J. Lee*, Towards a Chronic VNS Strategy for Obesity Treatment: Pilot Study on a PFA-Based Neural Interface in Diet-Induced Obese Rabbits, IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health & Medicine, Jun. 2026

Objective: Fabrication of microlens array for biomimetic vision sensor.

Publications:
- J. Yi, C. Baek, J. Kim, K. Koo, J.-M. Seo*, Fabrication of Flexible Thin Film Micro-Lens Array for Biomimetic Superposition Compound Eye, Optics Express, Nov. 2021
- C. Baek, J. Yi, J.-M. Seo*, Low-cost, Thermoplastic Micro-Lens Array with Carbon Black Light Screen for Bio-mimetic Vision, Optics Express, Oct. 2021

Objective: Study the avian brain map using deep brain stimulation.

Publications:
- J.-W. Jang, C. Baek, S. Kim, T.-K. Lee, G.J. Choi, S. Shim, Y. Jung, C.E. Lee, S. Ko, K. Seo, J.-M. Seo, M.-H. Won, S.J. Kim, Y.-K. Song*, Current Stimulation of the Midbrain Nucleus in Pigeons for Avian Flight Control, Micromachines, Jul. 2021
- C. Baek, S. Kim, J.-w. Jang, Y. Jeong, G.J. Choi, S. Shim, S. Yun, K. Seo, Y. Song, S.J. Kim, J.-M. Seo*, Investigation of Stereotaxic Surgery for Avian Brain Stimulation by Fully Implanted Wireless System, Neurosurgical Focus, Apr. 2020
- S. Shim, S. Yun, S. Kim, G.J. Choi, C. Baek, J. Jang, Y. Jung, J. Sung, J.H. Park, K. Seo, J.M. Seo, Y.K. Song, and S.J. Kim*, A Handheld Neural Stimulation Controller for Avian Navigation Guided by Remote Control, Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, Jan. 2020