The contribution coming from computer science is relevant when it comes to develop data structures or to reduce the complexity of algorithms in order to reach the desired reasoning. The initial foundation of Artificial Intelligence is the interest that arises from the need to transfer work to machines so that they perform it automatically, maximizing the use of energy.

The creation of programs that simulate intelligence is the ultimate goal of artificial intelligence, but it is not the only one. It is also said that its original objective is to reproduce human intelligence in computers, or to make computers think.

Alan Bundy divides artificial intelligence into three parts:

(1) cognitive sciences, in charge of developing models of the mind with the help of computational techniques; (2) basic artificial intelligence, in charge of creating techniques to model intelligent processes, and the relationships between these, without reference to concrete applications; and (3) applied artificial intelligence, in charge of producing programs for the resolution of concrete problems, by using the techniques developed by basic artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence is an operational technology, since its purpose is purely practical. If one tries to look for the origin of artificial intelligence, one can consider that it comes from the theory of computation, since the latter is a formal theory, which corresponds to a non-substantive technology.

Thanks to artificial intelligence, computational systems have learning, reasoning and adaptation capabilities, which lead them to high levels of performance where there is little human intervention and as a general characteristic, it uses knowledge representation and processing techniques.

Most definitions are diverse and as broad or specific as defined by each author, but particularly focus on two processes: a) what the human being does and, b) the rationality of the process.

Artificial intelligence is getting a computer to perform functions of human intelligence: a) systems that think like humans, b) systems that act like humans, c) systems that think rationally, and; d) systems that act rationally.

Its application characteristic is not strictly the processing of large amounts of data, but it also performs functions of symbolic reasoning, pattern recognition, learning, problem solving, reasoning of qualitative characteristics, handling of semantic meaning and syntactic forms, use of inaccurate information, among others that correspond to the sophistication of processes and problem solving strategies.

For all of the above, a digital resource or digital tool can be considered to have artificial intelligence when:

- Develops data structures

- Reduces the complexity of algorithms

- Gets a desired reasoning

- Can perform automated work

- Simulates or reproduces (human) intelligence

- Models with computational techniques

- Produces problem-solving programs

- Creates techniques to model intelligent processes

- Uses knowledge representation and processing techniques

- Performs symbolic reasoning functions

- Recognizes patterns

- There is a learning process

- Handles semantic meaning and syntactic forms

- Works with large amounts of data or information

By: Sandra Hernandez

[Bitter Trend - Tesis digital]