Soil is much more than dirt; it is a flourishing ecosystem teeming with microorganisms. These microorganisms, which include bacteria, fungi, algae, cyanobacteria, and lichens, also known as 'soil engineers', play an important part in soil genesis by breaking down organic matter and enhancing the nutrient cycle. However, long-term usage of inorganic soil amendments and chemical inputs depletes the soil of these microbes, thus lowering soil quality. That is where bio-fertilisers come in handy, providing the necessary nutrients to rejuvenate the soil to its full potential.
Biofertilizers are known to play a multitude of roles when it comes to soil fertility, plant growth and agriculture as a whole. Made from natural materials and microorganisms, these types are not only environment-friendly but also a sustainable alternative to synthetic and chemical fertilisers. The use of bio-fertilisers has several advantages. Let us take a look at a few of them.
Soil Health
There is no doubt that soil is a vast ecosystem containing millions of microorganisms. However, monoculture, the use of GMO seeds, and inorganic soil alterations has gradually depleted the soil of these beneficial microbes. The use of fertilisers containing living microorganisms is one of the capital practices that help improve soil structure, increase organic matter content, improve soil moisture retention, and improve soil fertility.
Crops
Bio fertilisers are a safe and environmentally friendly source of plant nutrients. The microorganisms in biofertilizers can break down organic matter and nutrients and convert them into simple compounds that are easily consumed by plants. Furthermore, certain microorganisms in biofertilizers (primarily PSMs such as bacillus, rhizobium, Actinomycetes, and others) help plants protect themselves from a variety of harmful pathogens.
Environmental Impact
Biofertilisers, unlike synthetic and chemical fertilisers, are made of organic matter and essential microorganisms, and their impact on the environment is more sustainable and eco-friendly.
Cost-effective
Bio-fertilisers are generally more cost-effective because the natural materials from which they are made are readily available in any nutrient-rich soil, which lowers the cost of production and makes it an affordable option for farmers and gardeners.
So, bio-fertilisers have numerous advantages. Not only are they good for the soil, but they also improve the health of the food we eat.