(AAMC News, How climate change is harming kids, 2022)
(AAMC News, How climate change is harming kids, 2022)
Benzene is a highly toxic chemical classified as a human carcinogen by both the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the American Petroleum Institute, which declared in 1948 that no level of exposure is safe. Even in small amounts, benzene poses serious health risks, including bone marrow failure and blood cancers such as AML, ALL, CML, MDS, and aplastic anemia. Long-term inhalation has been strongly linked to leukemia, especially acute myeloid leukemia. It also damages vital organs like the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, and brain, and causes DNA and chromosomal damage. Benzene exposure is a widespread and ongoing global health concern, as it is commonly found in gasoline and hydrocarbon fuels. Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, infants, children, pregnant women, and those who are chronically ill, are at an increased risk of harm from benzene particles.
(EPA, National Air Toxic Assessment, 2006)
More than 93% of children across the globe live in environments where air pollution levels exceed guidelines set by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to a 2018 WHO report. This can lead to a variety of health issues, including premature birth, neurodevelopmental damage, asthma, and cardiovascular disease.
A study conducted by the National Institute of Environmental Health and Safety, which analyzed data from 24,375 workers, found a suggestive link between the occurrence of heart attacks and individual exposure to total hydrocarbons among those working as responders.