MAHAKASAYA

Five basic dosage forms of Ayurveda are –

1. Swarasa – juice extract of an herb. – Juice extracted from a drug pressed by a machine is known as Svarasa;

2. Kalka – paste or bolus prepared with an herb – when a fresh herb is converted into paste form, with the juice intact, in a spherical shape, it is called as Kalka.

3. Shruta – Kashayam or herbal decoction of herb – Medicine prepared by boiling a drug on fire is called Shruta (Kashaya)

4. Sheeta – cold infusion – cold infusion prepared by putting the coarsely ground drug in boiled water and stored over night is known as Sheeta;

5. Phanta – hot infusion – When a medicine is prepared by putting the drug in boiled water and then squeezed, the filtrate out of it is known as Phanta.

Among these five, Phanta is most light to digest and has least strength and Swarasa is hardest to digest and is the strongest.

These preparations should be prescribed with due regard to the strength of the patient and seriousness of the disease. All these preparations are not equally useful in all cases. 

B

50 main decoctions

PanchashatMahakashaya – 50 main decoctions / group of herbs –

Now we shall expound the 50 important varieties of decoctions mentioned before.

First six are –

1. Jeevaneeya – Enlivening, Invigorating

2. Bruhmaneeya – Nourishing, increasing weight

3. Lekhaneeya – Scraping, decreasing weight

4. Bhedaneeya – Cathartic, Piercing deep 

5. Sandhaneeya – wound healing and bone healing 

6. Deepaneeya – improving digestion strength

Next four are –

7. Balya – improving strength 

8. Varnya – improving skin complexion 

9. Kanthya – improving quality of voice 

10. Hrudya – improving heart strength 

Next six are –

11. Truptighna – relieving pseudo-satiation 

12. Arshoghna – curing piles 

13. Kushtaghna – relieving skin diseases 

14. Kandughna – relieving itching sensation 

15. Krimighna – relieving worm infestation 

16. Vishaghna – anti toxic 

Next four are –

17. Stanyajanana – improving breast milk

18. Stanyashodhana – cleansing and detoxifying breast milk 

19. Shukrajanana -improving quality of semen and ovum 

20. Shukrashodhana – cleansing and detoxifying semen and ovum 

Next seven are –

21. Snehopaga – adjuvants of Snehana (oleation treatment) 

22. Svedopaga -adjuvants of Swedana (sweating treatment) 

23. Vamanopaga – adjuvant to Vamana (vomiting therapy) 

24. Virechanopaga – adjuvant to Virechana (purgation therapy) 

25. Asthapanopaga – adjuvant to Kashaya Basti – decoction enema 

26. Anuvasanopaga – adjuvant to Snehabasti – oil enema 

27. Shirovirechanopaga – adjuvants useful in Nasya treatment 

Next three are –

28. Chardi Nigrahana – relieving vomiting 

29. Trushna Nigrahana – relieving thirst 

30. Hikka Nigrahana – relieving hiccups 

Next five are –

31. Purisha Sangrahaneeya – bowel binders, which helps to improve the bulk of stools  

32. Purisha Virajaneeya – which helps to bring back proper colour of stools 

33. Mutra Sangrahaneeya – which helps to restore normal quantity of urine 

34. Mutra Virajaneeya -which helps to restore proper colour of urine 

35. Mutra Virechaneeya – which helps to cleanse urine (and bladder) 

Next 5 are –

36. Kasahara – relieving cough, cold 

37. Shwasahara – relieving asthma, difficulty in breathing 

38. Shothahara – relieving inflammation 

39. Jwarahara – relieving fever 

40. Shramahara – relieving tiredness 

Next 5 are –

41. Daha Prashamana – relieving burning sensation 

42. Sheeta Prashamana – relieving cold sensation 

43. Udarda Prashamana – relieving allergic skin rashes 

44. Angamarda Prashamana – relieving body pain 

45. Shula Prashamana – relieving abdominal colic pain 

Next 5 are –

46. Shonitasthapana – stopping bleeding, restoring proper quantity of blood 

47. Vedanasthapana – relieving pain 

48. Sanjnasthapana – restoring consciousness 

49. Prajasthapana – procreative, useful in begetting child 

50. VayahaSthapana -rejuvenating, anti ageing. 

1

JEEVANEEYA GANA

1. JEEVANEEYAGANA – ENLIVENING, ANTI AGEING GROUP OF HERBS

Jeevaka – Malaxisacuminata

Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium

Mahameda – Polygonatumverticillatum

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei

Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum

Mudgaparni – Phaseolustrilobus,

Mashaparni – Teramnuslabialis,

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra 

2

BRUHMANEEYA GANA

2. BRUHMANEEYA GANA –

NOURISHING, INCREASING WEIGHT

Ksheerini – MimosopshexandraRoxb.)

Rajakshavaka – Euphorbia microphylla,

Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng (root) – Withaniasomnifera,

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Ksheerakakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum,

Vatyayani – Country mallow (root) – Sidacordifolia,

Bhadraudani (Sidacordifolia Linn.),

Bharadvaji – Thespesia lampas,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata and

Rushyagandha (?) 

3

LEKHANEEYA GANA

3. LEKHANEEYA GANA – SCRAPING, DECREASING WEIGHT

Musta (Cyperusrotundus Linn.),

Kushta – Saussurealappa,

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata,

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.),

Katurohini – Picrorhizakurroa,

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia and

Haimavati – Iris versicolor 

4

BHEDANEEYA GANA

4. BHEDANEEYA – CATHARTICS, PIERCING DEEP 

Suvaha (Operculinaturpethum R.B.),

Arka – Calotropis gigantean,

Urubuka – Castor – Ricinuscommunis

Agnimukhi – Gloriosasuperba,

Chitra – Baliospermummontanum,

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia,

Shankini – Canscoradecussata,

Shakuladani – Picrorhizakurroa and

Svarnaksheerini – Argemonemexicana Linn 

5

SANDHANEEYA GANA

5. SANDHANEEYA – WOUND HEALING AND BONE HEALING

Madhuka – Licorice (Glycyrrhizaglabra Linn.),

Madhuparni – Indian tinospora (stem) – Tinosporacordifolia,

Prishnaparni – Urariapicta,

Ambasthaki (Cissampelospareria Linn.),

Samanga – Rubiacordifolia,

Mocharasa (Salmaniamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Dhataki – Woodfordiafruticosa,

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Priyangu (Callicaramacrophylla) and

Katphala – Myricanagi 

6

DEEPANEEYA GANA

6. DEEPANEEYA – IMPROVING DIGESTION STRENGTH 

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Pippalimoola – Long pepper root – Piper longum,

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.,

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Ajamoda – Celery fruit – Trachyspermumroxburghianum,

stone of Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.) and

HinguNiryasa – Asafoetida 

7

BALYA GANA

7. BALYAGANA – IMPROVING STRENGTH

Aindri (CitrulluscolocynthisSchrad.),

Rishabhi – Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Atirasa – Asparagus root – Asparagus racemosus,

Rishyaprokta – Teramnuslabialis,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng (root) – Withaniasomnifera,

Sthira – Desmodiumgangeticum,

Katukarohini – Picrorhizakurroa,

Bala – Country mallow (root) – Sidacordifolia, and

Atibala – Abutilon indicum 

8

VARNYA GANA

8. VARNYAGANA – IMPROVING SKIN COMPLEXION 

Chandana (Santalum album Linn.),

Tunga (Calophylluminophyllum),

Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides,

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Sita – white variety of Cynodondactylon and

Lata – black variety of Cynodondactylon Pers. 

9

KANTHYA GANA

9. KANTHYAGANA – IMPROVING QUALITY OF VOICE

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Iksumula – Sugarcane root – Saccharumofficinarum,

Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Puerariatuberosa),

Kaitarya – Myricanagi,

Hamsapadi – Adiantumlunulatum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum and

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum – these ten drugs are useful for the throat. 

10

HRUDYA GANA

10. HRUDYA – IMPROVING HEART STRENGTH 

Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Amrataka – Spondiaspinnata,

Lakucha – Artocarpuslakoocha,

Karamarda – Carissa carandes,

Urksamla (Tamarindusindica Linn.),

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.,

Kuvala – Zizyphussativa,

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum, and

Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon 

11

TRUPTIGNA GANA

11. TRUPTIGHNAGANA- RELIEVING PSEUDO-SATIATION 

Nagara – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Vidanga (EmbeliaribesBurm f.),

Murva (Marsdeniatenacissima (Roxb.) / Clematis trilobaHeyne ex Roth.),

Guduci (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit and

Patola – Pointed gourd (Trichosanthescucumerina Linn.) 

12

ARSHOGNA GANA

12. ARSHOGHNA GANA- CURING PILES 

Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Nagara (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Dhanvayasaka (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata,

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.), and

Chavya (Pipperchaba Hunter.) 

13

KUSHTAGNA GANA

13. KUSHTAGHNA GANA – RELIEVING SKIN DISEASES

Khadira (Acacia catechu Willd.),

Abhaya – Haritaki – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka – Amla – (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Arushkara (Semecarpusanacardium Linn. f.),

Saptaparna (Alstoniascholaris R, Br.),

Aragvadha (Cassia fistula),

Karavira (Neriumindicum Mill.),

Vidanga (Embeliaribes Brum. f.) and

Jatipravala (tender shoots of Jasminumofficinale Linn. var. grandiflorum Bailey.) 

14

KANDUGNA GANA

14. KANDUGHNA GANA – RELIEVING ITCHING SENSATION

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Nalada (Nardostachysjatamamsi DC.),

Krtamala (Cassia fistula Linn.),

Naktamala – Karanja (PongamiapinnataMerr.),

Nimba – Neem (Azadirachtaindica),

Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Sarshapa – Mustard – (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata and

Musta (Cyperusrotundus) 

15

KRIMIGHNA GANA

15. KRIMIGHNA GANA – RELIEVING WORM INFESTATION

Aksheeva (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – piper nigrum,

Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.),

Kebuka – Costusspeciosus

Vidanga – False Black Pepper (EmbeliaribesBurm. f.),

Nirgundi (Vitexnegundo),

Kinihi (Achyranthesaspera Linn.),

Shwadamstra Gokshura – (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Vrsaparnika (a variety of Ipomoea reniformisChois) and

Akhuparnika (Ipomoea reniformisChois) 

16

VISHAGHNA GANA

16. VISHAGHNA GANA – ANTI TOXIC 

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Suvaha– Operculinaturpethum,

Sukshma Ela – Cardamom (ElettariacardamomumMaton.),

Palindi – Ichnocarpusfrutescens (Linn.) R.Br. / Operculinaturpethum

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Kathaka (Strychnospotatorium Linn. f.),

Shirisha (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Sindhuvara (Vitexnegundo) and

Shleshmataka (CordiadichotamaForst. f.) 

17

STANYAJANANA GANA

17. STANYAJANANA – IMPROVING BREAST MILK

Virana (Vetiveriazizanioides Nash.),

Shali – Rice (Oryzasativa Linn.),

Shastika (a variety of rice – Oryzasativa Linn.),

Ikhsuvalika (AsteracanthalongifoliaNees),

Darbha (Desmostachyabipinnata Staff.),

Kusha (Desmostachyabipinnata),

Kasha (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Gundra (Saccharumsara),

Itkata – Sesbaniabispinosa and

Katruna (CymbopogonschoenanthusSpreng.) 

18

STANYASHODHANA GANA

18. STANYASHODHANA – CLEANSING AND DETOXIFYING BREAST MILK 

Patha (Cissampelospareira Linn.),

Mahausadha – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Suradaru (Cedrusdeodara),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Murva (Clematis trilobaHeyne ex Roth.),

Guduchi (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Fruit of Vatsaka – Kutaja (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Kiratatikta (SwertiachirataBuch-Ham.),

Katurohini – Picrorhizakurroa and

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus 

19

SHUKRAJANANA GANA

19. SHUKRAJANANA -IMPROVING QUALITY OF SEMEN AND OVUM

Jeevaka – Malaxisacuminata

Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei

Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum

Mudgaparni (Phaseolustrilobus Ait.),

Mashaparni – Teramnuslabialis,

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium,

Vriddharuha (Asparagus racemosusWilld.),

Jatila (Nardostachysjatamamsi D C.) and

Kulinga – Rhusacuminata 

20

SHUKRASHODHANA GANA 

20. SHUKRASHODHANA – CLEANSING AND DETOXIFYING SEMEN AND OVUM

Kustha (Saussurealappa C. B. Clarke.),

Elavaluka (Brunuscerasus Linn.),

Katphala – Myricanagi,

Samudraphena (Internal-cell of Sepia officinalis.),

Gum of Kadamba (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum Linn.),

Kandeksu (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Ikhsuraka (AsteracanthalongifoliaNees.),

Vasuka (Indigoferaenneaphylla Linn.) and

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides 

21

SNEHOPAGA GANA

21. SNEHOPAGA – ADJUVANTS OF SNEHANA (OLEATION TREATMENT)

Mrudvika (Vitisvinifera Linn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Madhuparni – Indian tinospora (stem) – Tinosporacordifolia,

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium,

Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Puerariatuberosa),

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Ksheerakakoli – Liliumpolyphyllum,

Jivaka – Malaxisacuminata,

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Shalaparni – Desmodiumgangeticum D C. 

22

SVEDOPAGA GANA 

22. SVEDOPAGA -ADJUVANTS OF SWEDANA (SWEATING TREATMENT)

Shobhanjanaka – Moringa seed (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Erandaka – Castor (Ricinuscommunis Linn.),

Arka – Calotropisgigantica,

Vrischira (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare),

Tila – Sesame (Sesamumindicum),

Kulattha (Dolichosbiflorus Linn.),

Masha (Phaseolusmungo L.) and

Badara – Zizyphusjujuba 

23

VAMANOPAGA GANA

23. VAMANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO VAMANA (VOMITING THERAPY)

Madhu (honey),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Kovidara (red variety of Bauhinia variegata Linn.),

Karbudara (white variety of Bauhinavariegata Linn.),

Neepa (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Vidula (BarringtoniaacutangulaGaertn.),

Bimbi (Cocciniaindica W. & A.),

Shanapushpi (Crotalaria verrucosa Linn.),

Sadapushpa (Calotropisgigantea R. Br. Ait.) and

Pratyakpushpa (Archyranthesaspera Linn.) 

24

VIRECHANOPAGA GANA Try it now!

24. VIRECHANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO VIRECHANA (PURGATION THERAPY)

Draksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Abhaya – Haritaki – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Bibhitaka (Terminalia bellericaRoxb.),

Kuvala – Zizyphussativa,

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Karkandhu (Zizyphusnummularia W. & A.) and

Pilu (Salvadorapersica Linn.) 

25

ASTHAPANOPAGA GANA

25. ASTHAPANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO KASHAYA BASTI – DECOCTION ENEMA

Trivrt (Operculinaturpethum R. B.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Kushta – Saussurealappa,

Sarshapa (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Fruit of Vatsaka (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Shatapushpa (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra and

fruits of Madanaphala (Randiadumetorum Lam.) 

26

ANUVASANOPAGA GANA 

26. ANUVASANOPAGA -ADJUVANT TO SNEHABASTI – OIL ENEMA

Rasna (Pluchealanceolata Oliver &Hiern.),

Suradaru (Cedrusdeodara),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Madana (Randiadumetorum Lam.),

Shatapushpa (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.),

Vruscheera (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Shvadamstra (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicum Vent.) 

27

SHIRO VIRECHANOPAGA GANA

27. SHIRO VIRECHANO PAGA – GROUP OF HERBS USEFUL IN NASYA TREATMENT (NASAL DROPS)

Jyotishmati (CelastruspaniculatusWilld.),

Kshavaka (Centipeda minima A. Br. Et. Aschers.),

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Vidanga – False Black Pepper (EmbeliaribesBurm. f.),

Shigru – Moringa leaves (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Sarshapa (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Seed of Apamarga (Achyranthesaspera Linn.),

Shveta (white variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.) and

Mahashveta (a variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.) 

28

CHARDI NIGRAHANA GANA

28. CHARDI NIGRAHANA – ANTI EMETIC – RELIEVING VOMITING

Jambu – Jamun (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels.),

Tender leaves of Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon,

Badara – Zizyphusjujuba of sour variety,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum,

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare),

Yashtika (Glycyrrhizaglabra Linn.),

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Mrit (earth) and

Laja (fried paddy) 

29

TRUSHNA NIGRAHANA GANA

29. TRUSHNANIGRAHANA – RELIEVING THIRST

Nagara – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Dhanvayasaka (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Parpataka (Fumariaparviflora Lam.),

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Kiratatikta (SwertiachirataBuch. – Ham.),

Guduchi (TinosporacordifoliaMiers.),

Hrivera (PavoniaodorataWilld.),

Dhanyaka (Coriandrumsativum Linn.) and

Patola (Trichosanthescucumerina Linn.) 

30

HIKKA NIGRAHANA GANA 

30. HIKKANIGRAHANAGANA – HERBS RELIEVING HICCUPS

Shati (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex Smith.),

Pushkaramula (Inularacemosa Hook. f.),

Stone of Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Vruksharuha (Dendrophthoefalcata Linn. f.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Duralabha (Fagoniacretica Linn.) and

Kulirashrungi (Rhussuccedenea Linn.) 

31

PUREESHA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA

31. PUREESHA SANGRAHANEEYA – BOWEL BINDERS, WHICH HELPS TO IMPROVE THE BULK OF STOOLS

Priyangu (Callicarpamacrophylla),

Ananta (Hemidesmusindicus R. B.),

Seed of Amra – Mango seed – Mangiferaindica,

Katvanga (Oroxylumindicum Vent.),

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Mocharasa (Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Samanga – Rubiacordifolia,

flower of Dhataki – Woodfordiafruticosa,

Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera) and

Filaments of Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera) 

32

PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA GANA

32. PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA –

WHICH HELPS TO BRING BACK PROPER COLOUR OF STOOLS

Jambu (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels.),

Bark of Shallaki (BoswelliaserrataRoxb.),

Kacchura – Curcuma zeodaria,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Shalmali (Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Shriveshtaka (extract of Pinusroxburghii Sargent.),

fried earth (mud) – purified red ochre

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Utpala (Nymphaea alba) and

grains of Tila – Sesame seeds (Sesamumindicum) 

33

MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA

33. MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA –

WHICH HELPS TO RESTORE NORMAL QUANTITY

OF URINE – ANTI-DIURETICS

Jambu (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels),

Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Plaksha (FicuslacorBuch-Ham.),

Vata (Ficusbenghalensis Linn.),

Kapeetana (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Udumbara (Ficusracemosa Linn.)

Ashvattha (Ficusreligiosa Linn.),

Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.),

Ashmantaka (Ficusrumphii) and

Somavalka (Acacia catechu Willd.), 

34

MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA GANA

34. MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA -WHICH HELPS TO RESTORE PROPER COLOUR OF URINE

Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera),

Utpala (Nymphaea alba),

Nalina (a variety of NelumbonuciferaGaertn.),

Kumuda (Nymphaea alba Linn.),

Saugandhika (?),

Pundarika (red variety of Nymphaea lotus Linn.),

Shatapatra (a variety of NelumbonuciferaGaertn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Priyangu (Callicaramacrophylla) and

flowers of Dhataki (WoodfordiafruticosaKurz.) 

35

MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA GANA

35. MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA – WHICH HELPS TO CLEANSE URINE (AND BLADDER)

Vrukshadani (Dendrophthoefalcata Linn. f.),

Shvadamstra (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Vasuka (Indigoferaenneaphylla Linn.),

Vasira (GynandropsisgynandraBriquet),

Pashanabheda (Bergenialigulata Engl.),

Darbha (a variety of Desmostachyabipinnata Staff.),

Kusha (Desmostachyabipinnata)

Kasa (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Gundra (Saccharum Sara), and

root of Itkata – Sesbaniabispinosa 

36

KASAHARA GANA

36. KASAHARA – RELIEVING COUGH, COLD

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Duralabha (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Shrungi (Rhus succedanea Linn.),

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Vrushchira (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.) and

Tamalaki (Phyllanthusniruri Linn.) 

37

SHWASAHARA GANA

37. SHWASAHARA – RELIEVING ASTHMA, DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING

Shati (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex Smith.),

Puskaramula (Inularacemosa Hook. f.),

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall. ,

Ela (ElettariacardamomumMaton),

Hingu – Asafoetida,

Aguru (AcquilariaagallochaRoxb.),

Surasa – Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.),

Tamalaki (Phyllanthusniruri Linn.),

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Chanda (?) 

38

SHOTHAHARA GANA

38. SHOTHAHARA – RELIEVING INFLAMMATION

Patala (Stereospermumsuaveolens DC.),

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicum Vent.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.).,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Shalaparni (Desmodiumgangeticum DC.),

Prishnaparni – Urariapicta and

Goksuraka (Tribulusterrestris Linn.) 

39

JWARAHARA GANA

39. JWARAHARA – RELIEVING FEVER

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Sharkara – sugar,

Patha (Cissampelospareria Linn.),

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Draksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Pilu (Salvadorapersica Linn.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.) and

Vibhitaka (Terminalia belliricaRoxb.), 

40

SHRAMAHARA GANA

40. SHRAMAHARA – RELIEVING TIREDNESS

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Kharjura – Dates – (Phoenix sylvestrisRoxb.),

Priyala (Buchananialanzan),

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum,

Phalgu (Ficushispida Linn. f.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum Linn.),

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare) and

Shashtika ( a variety of rice – OryzaSativa Linn.), 

41

DAHA PRASHAMANA GANA 

41. DAHA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING BURNING SENSATION

Laja (fried paddy),

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

fruit of Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Sharkara – Sugar,

Nilotpala (Nymphaea stellataWilld.),

Usheera – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Guduchi (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.) and

Hribera (PavoniaodorataWilld.) 

42

SHEETA PRASHAMANA GANA

42. SHEETA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING COLD SENSATION

Tagara (Valerianawallichi DC.),

Aguru (AquilariaagallochaRoxb.),

Dhanyaka (Coriandrumsativum Linn.),

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Bhutika (Trachysperumammi Sprague.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Kantakari – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicus Vent.) and

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum 

43

UDARDA PRASHAMANA GANA

43. UDARDA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING ALLERGIC SKIN RASHES

Tinduka (DiospyrosperegrinaGurke.),

Priyala (Buchananialanzan),

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Khadira (Acacia catechu),

Kadara (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.)

Saptaparna (Alstoniascholaris R. Br.),

Ashvakarna (DipterocarpusalatusRoxb.),

Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna),

Asana (Terminalia tomentosa W. & A.) and

Arimeda (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.) 

44

ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA GANA

44. ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING BODY PAIN

Vidarigandha (Desmodiumgangeticum DC.),

Prushniparni (UrariapictaDesv.),

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Eranda (Ricinuscommunis Linn.),

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Ela (ElettariacardamomumMaton) and

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra 

45

SHULA PRASHAMANAGANA 

45. SHULA PRASHAMANA -RELIEVING ABDOMINAL COLIC PAIN

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Pippalimoola – root of pippali,

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Ajamoda – Ajowan (fruit) – Trachyspermumroxburghianum,

Ajagandha (GynandropsisgynandraBriquet.),

Ajaji (Cuminumcyminum Linn.) and

Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.) 

46

SHONITA STHAPANA GANA

46. SHONITA STHAPANA – STOPPING BLEEDING, RESTORING PROPER QUANTITY OF BLOOD

Honey,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Rudhika (Crocus Sativa Linn.),

Mocharasa (resin of Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Earthen pot pieces,

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Gairika (Ferrum haematite),

Priyangu (Callicarpamacrophylla),

sugar and

fried paddy 

47

VEDANA STHAPANA GANA

47. VEDANA STHAPANA – RELIEVING PAIN

Shala (ShorearobustaGaertn. f.),

Katphala – Myricanagi,

Kadamba (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides,

Tumba (XanthoxylonalatumRoxb.),

Mocharasa (resin of Salmaliamalabarica Schott and Endl.),

Shirisha (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Vanjula (Salix caprea Linn.),

Elavaluka (Brunuscerasus Linn.) and

Ashoka (Saracaindica Linn.), 

48

SANJNA STHAPANA GANA

48. SANJNA STHAPANA – RESTORING CONSCIOUSNESS

Hingu – Asafoetida,

Kaitarya – Myricanagi,

Arimeda (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Choraka (Angelica glauca),

Vayastha – Brahmi (BacopamonnieriPennel.),

Golomi (a variety of Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Jatila (Nardostachysjatamansi DC.),

Palankasha (Commiphoramukula Engl.) and

Ashokarohini (PicrorhizakurroaRoyle ex Benth.) 

49

PRAJA STHAPANAGANA

49. PRAJA STHAPANA – PROCREATIVE, USEFUL IN BEGETTING CHILD

Aindri – Colocynth – Citrulluscolocynthis,

Brahmi (BacopamonnieriPennel.),

Shatavirya (Cynodondactylon Pers.),

Sahasravirya (a variety of Cynodondactylon Pers.),

Amogha (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Avyatha (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Shiva (Terminalia chebula Linn.),

Arishta (PicrorhizakurroaRoyle ex Benth.),

Vatyapuspi (Sidarhombifolia Linn.) and

Visvaksenakanta (CallicarpamacrophyllaVahl.) 

50

VAYAHA STHAPANA GANA

50. VAYAHA STHAPANA -REJUVENATING, ANTI AGEING.

Amruta (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Dhatri (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Mukta (pearl),

Shveta (white variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.),

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata,

Atirasa – Asparagus root – Asparagausracemosus,

Mandukaparni (Centellaasiatica Urban),

Sthira – Desmodiumgangeticum and

Punarnava (Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.) 

ANUVASANOPAGA GANA 

अनुवासनोपग- -रास्नासुरदारुबिल्वमदनशतपुष्पावृश्चीरपुनर्नवाश्वदंष्ट्राग्निमन्थश्योनाका इति दशेमान्यनुवासनोपगानि भवन्ति ! 

1

DETAILS

Basti therapy which is known as Enema is of two kinds namely Asthapana and Anuvasana. The earlier one is a Kashaya (decoction) enema and the latter one is oil enema. Even though both are recommended in Vata dominant conditions Anuvasana is of priority as a nutritive (nourishing) too.

The medicaments used in the preparation of this kind of nutritive oil enema is grouped together and presented with the name Anuvasanopaga gana in Ayurveda.

They are effective in combating the diseases related to cachexia, neurological troubles, health issues

related to muscular wasting, chronic intestinal disorders etc. 

2

ANUVASANOPAGA GANA 

1. Rasna (Pluchea lanceolata Oliver & Hiern. ) – Rhizome

Analgesic, anti inflammatory, stimulant, stabilizer etc.

2. Suradaru (Cedrus deodara) – Heart wood

Anti inflammatory, strengthner of uro – genital system, analgesic, anti pyretic etc.

3. Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.)– Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti diarrhoeal, absorbant etc.

4. Madana (Randia dumetorum Lam. ) – Fruits

Anti microbial, anthelmintic, wormicide, emetic etc.

5. Shatapushpa (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. ) – Seeds

Appetizer, anti flatulent, digestive, carminative, anti spasmodic etc.

6. Vruscheera (white variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. ) – Roots or whole plant

Diuretic, rejuvinative, replenisher, strengthener of uro – genital system, lithotripsic etc.

7. Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. ) – Roots or whole plant

Replenisher, anti inflammatory, strengthener of uro – genital system, diuretic,

rejuvinative, lithotripsic etc.

8. Shvadamstra (Tribulus terrestris Linn. ) – Whole plant or seeds

Diuretic, anti inflammatory, aphrodisiac, coolant, anti arthritic etc.

9. Agnimantha (Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f. ) – Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, carminative, digestive, anti spasmodic etc.

10. Shyonaka (Oroxylum indicum Vent. ) – Roots

Analgesic, anti inflammatory, anti flatulent, neuro – muscular tonic, anti arthritic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of the drugs of this group are hot, unctuous and stable in nature. They are predominantly astringent mixed pungent taste, undergo pungent kind of metabolic change and are Vatakapha pacifiers in action.

The drugs are found to be useful as anti inflammatorty, analgesic and neuro muscular stabilizer. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs individually and altogether having the potency to pacify the Vatic disorders, especially the arthritis, muscular wasting, neurological deficits, neuro muscular health issues, back ache, degenerative health problems etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Maharasnadi kwatha,

Devadarvadi kashaya,

Dashamoola kashaya,

Dashamoola taila,

Brihat panchamoola kashaya,

Rasnadi kashaya,

Punarnavadi kashaya,

Punarnavashthaka kashyaya etc are the few important formulations derived out of these drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Rasna, Devadaru, Shatapushpa, Bilva etc help to stimulate the nervous system and hence these herbs individually or in combination fine paste is made and applied over the body surface and applied gently. If essential few of the vata pacifying drugs like garlic, clove, ginger etc can also be added. Such a combination will work effectively in mild to moderate cases of neuralgia, myositis, neuritis, trigeminal neuralgia etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

As the drugs mentioned above are having the vata pacifying nature and they have the ability to pacify the pain good kind of oil can be prepared with suitable adjuvants. Similarly tablets or capsules can also be derived from the drugs to effectively manage the pain and swelling. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

These drugs are pro stimulants of the nervous system. So in the conditions of active status of the nervous stimuli if the drugs are administered abruptly of without proper rationality it may worsen the condition.

SHIROVIRECHANOPAGA GANA

शिरोविरेचनोपग- -ज्योतिष्मतीक्षवकमरिचपिप्पलीविडङ्गशिग्रुसर्षपापामार्गतण्डुलश्वेतामहाश्वेता इति दशेमानि शिरोविरेचनोपगानि भवन्ति !  

1

DETAILS

Shirovirechana is the unique classical procedure employed in Ayurvedic therapeutics to expel out the doshas (blemishes) accumulated in the scalp and above the chest level especially from the neck and throat.

Even though Kapha is mainly expels out its significant role can be appreciated while taking out the excess Vata and Pitta too through this particular therapy. Thus based upon the madicaments used all the three doshas can be

pushed out of the lesion through the Shirovirechana therapy. 

2

SHIROVIRECHANOPAGA GANA 

1. Jyotishmati (Celastruspaniculatus ) – Seeds, Leaves

Memory enhancer, deep penetrative, stimulant, intellectual promoter, carminative etc.

2. Kshavaka (Centipeda minima A. Br. Et. Aschers. ) – Whole plant

Stimulant, neuro muscular stabilizer, anti histaminic, expectorant etc.

3. Maricha – Black pepper – Piper nigrum – Fruits

Deep penetrative, adaptogenic, decongestant, anti histaminic, expectorant,

broncho dilator, carminative, digestive etc.

4. Pippali – Piper longum -Fruits

Digestive, carminative, liver stimulant, appetizer, anti spoasmodic etc.

5. Vidanga – False Black Pepper (Embeliaribes Burm. f. ) – Seeds

Anti helmenthic, rejuvinative, digestive, anti microbial etc.

6. Shigru – Moringa leaves (Moringaoleifera Lam. ) – Seeds and Stem bark

Anti microbial, anti inflammatory, eye tonic, aphrodisiac, analgesic, wound healing etc.

7. Sarshapa (Brassica nigra Koch. ) – Seeds

Anti helmethic, anti microbial, rubificient, anti inflammatory etc.

8. Apamarga (Achyranthesaspera Linn. ) – Seeds

Scraping, anti microbial, anti inflammatory, lipolytic, lithotripsic, wormicide etc.

9. Shveta (white variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn. ) – Seeds and Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic,abortificient,rubificient etc.

10. Mahashveta (a variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn. ) – Seeds and Roots

Anti helmenthic, anti inflammatory, wormicide, analgesic, abortificient, rubificient etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Above said ingredients are hot, deep penetrative and wormicide in action. Most of the drugs are hot in potency and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change. The mentioned drugs are anti inflammatory, analgesic, deep penetrating and expectorants.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

They are useful in head ache, neuralgia, stiff neck, radiating pain in the shoulders, rhinitis, cold, nasal polyps etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Marichachoorna,

Pippalyaditaila,

Jyotishmatitaila,

Apamargataila,

Vidangadichoorna,

Krimighnachoorna are the formulations derived out of these herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Sarshapa, Shigruetc can be made into fine paste and applied over the fore head or to the scalp. This reduces the severity of the head ache. Pipplai,Vidanga and Kshavaka are the drugs which are useful in Pradhamananasya or as Choornanasya.

Formulation development opportunities:

The medicated fine powder or medicated oils can be designed out of these drugs which are having the efficacy to treat various diseases of head, neck, shoulder, ear, throat etc. If some good suppositories are made they can be utilized as Dhoomravartis (inhalation suppositories) also. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the drugs are hot and severe penetrative the drugs referred here should not be prescribed in young children and among the patients who are having the history of bleeding from the nostrils.

CHARDI NIGRAHANA GANA 

छर्दीनिग्रहण- 

-जम्ब्वाम्रपल्लवमातुलुङ्गाम्लबदरदाडिमयवयष्टिकोशीरमृल्लाजा इति दशेमानि छर्दिनिग्रहणानि भवन्ति!

* उदानं वातं शमयीत्वा,आमाशयस्य दाहं ,उत्क्लेशं च शमयित्वा कानिचित द्रव्यानी च्छर्दीनीग्रहानी द्रव्यानी!

1

DETAILS

Chardi means vomiting which is a pathological condition. It is different from the therapeutic procedure of vomiting which is called Vamana karma in Ayurveda. The drugs which have the ability to control the vomiting are called Chardi nigrahana drugs. They usually cause this kind of action due to the local as well as systemic effect.

However the among the drugs explained under this group mud is also include as it is believed to be a

good source to control the same and is in practice since several centuries. 

2

CHARDI NIGRAHANA GANA 

1. Jambu – Jamun (Syzygium cumini Skeels.) – Tender leaves

Controller of the uro genital system, anti diabetic, appetizers, anti hyperglycemic etc.

2. Amra – mango – Mangifera indica – Tender leaves

Appetizer, anti emetic, stimulant, blood purifier, lipolytic, wound healing etc.

3. Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon – Tender leaves or fruit

Cardiac tonic, appetizer, carminative, digestive, soothing, antacid etc.

4. Badara – Zizyphus jujuba of sour variety – Fruit or Tender leaves

Anti inflammatory, lipolytic, cardiac tonic, appetizer, anti spasmodic etc.

5. Dadima – Pomegranate – Punica granatum – Fruit or tender leaves

Cardiac tonic, anti diarrhoeal, appetizer, hemetinic, carminative, antacid, digestive etc.

6. Yava – Barley (Hordeum vulgare) – Seeds

Bowel bulk enhancer, soothing, energizer, antacid, anti flatulent etc.

7. Yashtika (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) – Roots

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer, anti emetic etc.

8. Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveria zizanioides – Roots

Diuretic, soothener, antacid, anti emetic, coolant etc.

9. Mrit (earth) – Soil rich with calcium and Iron content

Nourishing, antacid, soothing, hemetenic etc.

10. Laja (fried paddy) – Parched rice

Nutritive, antacid, anti flatulent, soothing, anti emetic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs explained under the above heading are sweet or siour in taste and are cold in potency. They are light, slow and stable in quality and undergo sweet kind of metabolic change (Madhura vipaka).

These drugs are Pittavatahara in nature and have potent antcaid – soothing – nourishing and anti flatulent effect. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs alone or in combination useful in vomiting, nausea, head ache, motion sickness, morning sickness etc. In addition, these are effective in stomatitis, gastric ulcers, heart diseases, gingivitis etc also.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Panchapallava yoga,

Matala rasayana,

Madiphala lehya,

Matulungavaleha,

Usheerasava,

Chandanasava etc are the few important formulations containing the above drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Tender leaves of Jambu – Amra – Dadima etc can be taken by chewing so as to control the vomiting sensation including the nausea. In mouth ulcers also it is found to be useful.

Madiphala or Matulunga swarasa (fresh juice ) is mixed with honey or sugar candy and administered and it is very effective in nausea as well as morning sickness.

Formulation development opportunities:

The chewable tablets as well as syrups can be developed out of these drugs. Also as per the need they can be brought into practice with various flavors and color and consistency too. Similarly the jams or squashes can also be prepared to gain the similar benefits out of the fruits referred over here. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

It is not wise to administer this kind of medicaments immediately after the Shodhana (Purificatory) therapies as they may hinder the drug action. As these drugs are having the idirect role over Vyana vata and Apana vata the drugs should be administered with caution in diarrhea, IBS etc conditions.

TRISHNA NIGRAHANA GANA 

तृष्णानिग्रहण-

-नागरधन्वयवासकमुस्तपर्पटकचन्दनकिराततिक्तकगुडूचीह्रीवेरधान्यकपटोलानीति दशेमानि तृष्णानिग्रहणानि भवंती!

*वातज तृष्णा-विदारी वाराही च!

*पित्तज तृष्णा- उडुंबर सारिवा वट मधुयष्टी,द्राक्षा,उशीर धन्वयास नारिकेलोदक !

*कफज तृष्णा- हरिद्रा पटोल निंब !

*आमज तृष्णा- उष्णोदक शुन्ठी मुस्ता देवदारु धान्यक्ं च!

*प्रमेह,भस्मक,

स्थौल्य, dialysis patients .

1

DETAILS

Trishna means ‘thirst’. Nigrahana refers that which is capable of pacifying or reducing it. So the word Trishna nigrahana means the drugs which are capable of pacifying the thirst or those which are capable of give satisfaction while during excess thirst.

Such drugs are quite commonly cooling,Vata pitta dosha pacifying and light in nature. They are digestive and carminative too in little extent. 

2

TRISHNA NIGRAHANA GANA 

1. Nagara – Ginger (Zingiber officinale)– Rhizome

Digestive, carminative, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti flatulant etc.

2. Dhanvayasaka (Fagonia cretica Linn.)– Roots

Anti inflammatory, immune modulator, expectorant,anti tussive etc.

3. Musta (Cyperus rotundus)– Rhizome

Anti diarrhoeal, anti pyretic, digestive, bowel regulator etc.

4. Parpataka (Fumaria parviflora Lam.)– Whole plant

Antipyretic, blood purifier, bitter tonic, liver stimulant etc.

5. Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album-Heart wood

Coolant, blood purifier, soothing, complaexion enhancer, diuretic, stabilizer

of uro- genital system etc.

6. Kiratatikta (Swertia chirata Buch. – Ham.)- Whole plant

Antipyretic ,blood purifier, wound healing, anti hyperglycemic, scraping etc.

7. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Miers.)– Stem

Rejuvinative, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti pyretic, anti histaminic etc.

8. Hrivera (Pavonia odorata Willd.)- Roots or whole plant

Coolant, anti pyretic, anti inflammatory, digestive, bitter tonic etc.

9. Dhanyaka (Coriandrum sativum Linn.) – Seeds

Coolant, anti hyperglycemic, digestive, anti flatulent, antacid , nutritive etc.

10. Patola (Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn.)– Whole plant

Blood purifier, liver stimulant, laxative, bitter tonic, anti pyretic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs belonging to this group are generally Pitta and Vata pacifying in nature. They are usually coolants and give satisfaction when consumed. Most of the drugs are bitter mixed astringent and hence they act as bitter tonics. They give satisfaction while during the thirst as well as dryness of the throat. Meanwhile they act as digestives and anti pyretic too.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are useful in thirst predominant conditions like fever, bleeding disordfers, biliary troubles, blood borne disorders etc. In addition in mild to moderate kind of intestinal problems, gaseous distension of abdomen, acidic regurgitation also they are useful.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Shadanga paneeya,

Chandanadi hima,

Parpataka kashaya,

Paripathadi khada,

Chandanasava,

Patoladi gana kashaya,

Dhanyaka hima,

Mustadi pramathya etc are the few important and most effective formulations derived from the above said herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Chandana-Parpataka-Musta can be added to drinking water and can be taken in the form of cold or hot infusion, especially in summer seasons and in the individuals who are having blood borne disorders or repeated gastric complaints.

Formulation development opportunities:

Instead of depending upon the canned beverages or cold drinks we can formulate the distillates (Arka) of these drugs and can be taken during travel. This will have added benefits and more of herbal origin too. Syrups and instant decoction powders can also be prepared from these herbs. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Excess intake of these herbs on regular basis may lead to fatigue or muscular twitching as they are astringent and bitter in taste.Also prolonged usage in the form of Kashayas or Choorna may provoke Vata dosha and hence it is wise to administer with suitable adjuvants or in the form of syrup or Arishtha.

HIKKA NIGRAHANA GANA 

हिक्कानिग्रहण-

-शटीपुष्करमूलबदरबीजकण्टकारिकाबृहतीवृक्षरुहाभयापिप्पलीदुरालभाकुलीरशृङ्ग्य इति दशेमानि हिक्कानिग्रहणानि भवन्ति !

* हिक्काहरानी द्रव्यानी प्राणोदकान्नवाहीस्त्रोतोगतान दोषान हन्ती प्रानं उदानं चानुलोमयती!

1

DETAILS

Hikka mean hiccups. The drugs which are having the property of relieving this particular complaint are called Hikkanigrahana drugs.Such drugs are having their direct action over Udana vaata followed by Pranavata. Some extent they regulate Vyanavata also.

Even though diaphragmatic irritation is the main cause for hiccups psychological factors are also involved like stress, irritation, depression .So the drugs have both systemic effect as well as soothing effect over diaphragm mainly.

Some extent they regulate the psychological disturbances too. However much works are not carried in this

direction and surely this topic has enough inputs to carry out the research in this regards. 

2

HIKKA NIGRAHANA GANA 

1. Shati (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex Smith.)-Rhizome

Soothing, carminative, digestive, anxiolytic etc.

2. Pushkaramula (Inula racemosa Hook. f.)-Roots

Expectorant, anti tussive, analgesic, broncho dilator, anti spasmodic etc.

3. Badara – Zizyphus jujube-Fruits/Seeds

Digestive, cardiac tonics, stabilizers, absorbants etc.

4. Kantakarika – Solanum xanthocarpum–Fruits or Roots

Expectorant, anti tussive, analgesic, anti inflammatory etc.

5. Brihati – Solanum indicum-Fruits or Roots

Analgesic, anti inflammatory, digestive, expectorant etc.

6. Vruksharuha (Dendrophthoe falcata Linn. f.)-Whole plant or Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti spasmodic, antipyretic etc.

7. Abhaya – Terminalia chebula–Fruit rind

Laxative, rejuvinative, anti oxidant, appetizer etc.

8. Pippali – Long pepper – Piper longum–Fruit

Liver stimulant, expectorant, anti tussive, broncho dilator, digestive, carminative etc.

9. Duralabha (Fagonia cretica Linn.)– Roots

Anti tussive, anti inflammatory, anxiolytic, vaso dilator, blood purifier etc.

10. Kulira shrungi (Rhus succedenea Linn.)- Gall

Expectorant, immune modulator, broncho- dilator, digestive etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These drugs are soothing in properties and have immune modulator effect.As they are expectorants-broncho dilators-anti tussives, it gives us inference that they have direct action over Prana-Udana and Vyanavata which are the key factor in the causation of hiccup as per Ayurveda.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs referred here are effective in cold, asthma, hiccup, chest congestion, mild heart diseases, diseases of the chest and lungs etc. They can be used effectively in the management of some of the psychological disorders too where mental irritation and dissatisfaction is found.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Kacchoorado choorna,

Pushkaramoolasava,

Dashamoolarishtha,

Vyaghree hareetaki,

Hareetakyadi rasayana,

Abhayadi modaka,

Shringyadi choorna,

Duralabhasava are the important formulations of the drugs of this group.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Hareetaki-Kachoora/Shathi,Pippali,Pushkaramoola etc can be made into fine powder and administered along with ghee or honey, based upon the doshic dominance. They have good benefits over hiccup and associated complaints like head ache-cold-cough-hoarseness of the voice etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

As hiccup is a most irritating kind of health issue, patients like to have instant effect. Also few of the medicaments themselves may provoke the condition and hence the drugs can be modified into lozenges or chewable tablets. Syrups as well as the lehyas can also be prepared out of these drugs or in addition of few of the other necessary ingredients. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The drugs are having the indirect effect over some of the sympathetic and parasympethitic nerves. Hence the drugs should be administered with caution in neurological disorders.

PURISHA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA

पुरीषसन्ग्रहणिय-

-प्रियङ्ग्वनन्ताम्रास्थिकट्वङ्गलोध्रमोचरससमङ्गाधातकीपुष्पपद्मापद्मकेशराणीति दशेमानि पुरीषसङ्ग्रहणीयानि भवन्ति !

* पुरीषस्य स्तंभनाय यत हितकरं भवती,तत प्राय: अनिलगुणभुयिस्टं! 

* अतीसारे पक्वावस्थायां पुरीषसन्ग्रहणीयामुपयोग!

1

DETAILS

In Sanskrit ‘Pureesha’ means the fecal matter/stool or bowel. Sangrahaneeya means that helps to bind or collect. Altogether Pureesha sangrahaneeya means the drugs which are capable of binding the stools or which help for consolidation of the bowel. This is very essential in the individuals who pass loose stools or those with the complaint of repeated passage of the bowel in un formed manner.

If the stool is not passed without proper form the individual may feel discomfort or he may feel

irritation while passing the bowel. This kind of presentation of the stool may be found in various

gastro intestinal disorders and few of the metabolic disorders (hormone related too). 

2

PURISHA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA 

1. Priyangu (Callicara macrophylla)-Seeds

Anti microbial, stabilizing, bulk enhancers, anti spasmodic, wormicide etc.

2. Ananta (Hemidesmus indicus R. B.)-Roots

Blood purifiers, soothing, coolants, vaso dilators etc.

3. Amra – Mango– Mangifera indica-Seeds

Anti diarrhoeal, stabilizers, astringent tonics, wormicide etc.

4. Katvanga (Oroxylum indicum Vent.)-Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti diarrhoeal, digestive etc.

5. Lodhra (Symplocos racemosa) -Stem bark

Astringent topnics, uterine tonics, anti diarrhoeal, steptic etc.

6. Mocharasa (Salmalia malabarica Schott & Endl.)-Resins/Exudate

Steptic, anti diarrhoeal, stabiklizers, bowel binders, aphrodisiac etc.

7. Samanga – Rubia cordifolia-Stem or whole plant

Blood purifiers, steptic, vaso dilators, anti histaminic, alkalizers etc.

8. Dhataki – Woodfordia fruticosa-Flowers

Styptic, binders, stabilizers, alkalizers, restorative, uterine tonic etc.

9. Padma – Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)– Petals

Blood purifiers, strengtheners, energizers, coolants, steptic, anti diarrhoeal etc.

10. Padma kesara – Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)-Stamens or Filaments

Digestive, carminative, stimulants, energizers, steptic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs explained under this heading are astringent in taste and cooling in character. They are cold in potency and have the ability of restoration. The drugs are anti diarrheal, energizers, steptic and digestive in nature.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are useful in diarrhea, dysentery, IBS, mal absorption syndrome etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Gangadhara churna,

Vriddha gangadhara choorna,

Pushyanuga choorna,

Lodhrasava,

Aravindasava etc are the few formulations containing these herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder of Lodhra or Amra beeja in the dose of 1-2 gram daily along with water helps to change into the well formed stool. Likewise decoctions or hot infusions can also be made from these herbs and combinations.

Formulation development opportunities:

By selective drugs can be made into tablets, concentrated extracts or syrups. As per the need readymade sachets can be made for the preparation of hot infusion and can be practiced where ever necessary. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The drugs should be avoided in the patients who are suffering from constipation, hemorrhoids etc as the condition may be triggered by the above said drugs and formulations.

PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA GANA

पुरीषविरजनीय -

-जम्बुशल्लकीत्वक्कच्छुरामधूकशाल्मलीश्रीवेष्टकभृष्टमृत्पयस्योत्पलतिलकणा इति दशेमानि पुरीषविरजनीयानि भवन्ति !

* अग्नीमांद्यात अजीर्णात आमात स्त्रोतोरोधजन्य कामलायां पांडूरोगे च अन्नस्य घनमलस्य च पचनं सारकिट्ट पृथक्करणं सम्यक न भवती,,तत्र हरिद्रा चित्रक विडंग च पुरीषविरजनियानी भवंती !

1

DETAILS

Ayurveda happens to be meeting every aspect of health and it appears quite surprising in few of the respects that how the ancient scholars were so particular about each and every entities of life.

Today in this ultra modern and advanced time color of the faecal matter may be just subjective matter in few of the diseased contexts only.Whereas the scholars of Ayurveda have considered very seriously about this factor and separate category of ingredients are mentioned in that regards. Pureesha virajaneeya is one such concept to understand the deep insight of Ayurveda acharyas.

Pureesha means faecal matter and ‘virajaneeya’ refers that which gives original color or

brings back the true color as per once constitution. 

2

PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA GANA 

1. Jambu (Syzygium cumini) – Seeds or Bark

Restorative, anti hyperglycemic, bitter tonic, scraping etc.

2. Shallaki (Boswellia serrata Roxb.) – Bark or Resin

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, aphrodisiac, anti diarrheal etc.

3. Kacchura – Curcuma zedoaria – Rhizome

Stimulant, anti tussive, immune modulator, decongestant etc.

4. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra – Root

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

5. Shalmali (Salmalia malabarica Schott & Endl.)-Stem bark or Exudate

Anti diarrheal, restorative, energizer, nourishing etc.

6. Shriveshtaka (Pinus roxburghii Sargent.)-Resin or Stem bark

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, decongestant, anti spasmodic etc.

7. Bhrishta mrit-fried earth (mud) – purified red ochre

Nutritive, hemetenic, coolant, energizer, tonic, anti diarrhoeal etc.

8. Payasya – Ipomoea paniculata -Tubers

Nutritive, nourishing, tonic, aphrodisiac, rejuvinative, bulk enhancer etc.

9. Utpala (Nymphaea alba)– Flowers

Colorant, coolant, hemetenic, diuretic, anti inflammatory, soothing, antacid etc.

10. Tila – Sesame (Sesamum indicum)-Seeds

Cholegogue, colorant, anti inflammatory, hair tonic, energizer etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of these drugs are cool-heavy-thick-dense and coolants. They are bitter or pungent in taste and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipaka) and are hot in potency.

These drugs are hemetenic, energizers, tonics and colorants(varnya). It means they have direct impact over the vitiated Pitta which is the entity causing change in the color of the fecal matter. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are useful in chronic indigestion, mal absorption syndrome, certain kind of worm infestations and mal nutrition conditions. In chronic diarrhea and dysentery also it is useful. Importantly in liver disorders they are of utmost use.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Jambvasava,

Laghusootashekhara rasa,

Sootashekhara rasa,

Devadarvadi kashaya,

Devadarvarishtha,

Aravindasava are the few important formulations possessing few of these ingredients.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

As per the need Shuddha Gairika choorna can be administered as alternate of fried mud which is rich in iron content. This is highly beneficial in acid peptic disorders and anemia.

Shreevesthaka kashaya is good in indigestion followed with irregular bowel habits. Utpala pushpa decoction is effective in burning associated conditions and bilious disorders.

Formulation development opportunities:

Specific formulations are not available in market in this respect to bring back the color of feces. So, some proprietary products can be derived in syrup, tablet or decoction forms. Or else above said drugs may be included among the anti flatulent combinations of laxative medicines and desired benefits can be obtained. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such the drugs are not having any absolute contra indications or disadvantages; however it is not suitable to use in acute gastric disturbances.

MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA 

मुत्रसन्ग्रहनीय -

-जम्ब्वाम्रप्लक्षवटकपीतनोडुम्बराश्वत्थभल्लातकाश्मन्तकसोमवल्का इति दशेमानि मूत्रसङ्ग्रहणीयानि भवन्ति !

* मुत्र अतीप्रवृत्तो मुत्रसंग्रहनीयानां उपयोग:!

* मुत्रसंग्रहनियानी प्राय: तिक्तकटुकषायरस युक्तानी,रुक्षानी शुस्कानी च भवंती! यथा खदिर,असण,निंब !

1

DETAILS

Frequent urination or reduced frequency, decreased amount or urine or large amount retention –all these are not healthy conditions with respect to urine output. It is the reason to normalize any of these kind of abnormalities or irregular output pattern , Ayurveda discusses unique word – ‘Mutrasangrahaneeya’

It means that which help to restore normal quantity of urine or anti-diuretics. In other words these drugs are helpful to normalize the flow and amount of retention of urine. As a functional and structural entity it is of

utmost importance with respect to the proper health status of the uro- genital system. 

2

MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA 

1. Jambu (Syzygiumcumini Skeels)– Seeds or Stem bark

Anti hyperglycemic, scraping, restorative, wound healing, absorptive etc.

2. Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica – Seeds or Stem bark

Astringent tonic, absorptive, restorative, anti diarrhoeal, neuro muscular strengthener etc.

3. Plaksha (Ficuslacor Buch-Ham.) – Stem bark

Wound healing, astringent tonic, absorptive, blood purifier, anti diabeteic etc.

4. Vata (Ficusbenghalensis Linn.) – Stem bark

Coolant, wound healing, restorative, semen and urine cleanser etc.

5. Kapeetana (Albizialebbeck Benth.) – Stem bark

Natural skin detox, blood purifier, immune modulator, anti pyretic etc.

6. Udumbara (Ficusracemosa Linn.) – Stem bark

Coolant, blood purifier, cholegogue, antacid etc.

7. Ashvattha (Ficusreligiosa Linn.)– Stem bark

Astringent tonic ,wound healing, blood purifier, intellect promoter etc.

8. Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.)– Seeds

Carminative, digestive, anti spasmodic, adaptogenic, anti pyretic, rubificient etc.

9. Ashmantaka (Ficusrumphii) – Stem bark

Lithotriptic, bitter tonic, scraping, lipolytic etc.

10. Somavalka (Acacia catechu Willd.) – Heart wood or Stem bark

Blood purifier, skin detoxifier, blood purifier, astringent tonic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs explained under this heading are bitter and astringent in taste and most of these are cold in potency and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katuvipaka).They are light-cold and stable in quality.

These act as anti diabetic, absorptive, wound healing and astringent tonics. Most of the drugs are blood and skin detoxifiers and are potent wound healing agents. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs when made into suitable dosage forms act as potent anti diabetic compounds and scraping agents useful in obesity, goiter, metabolic disorders, hormonal disorders etc. Indirectly they control the kidney and liver functions too.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Panchavalkalakashaya,

Jambvasava,

Khadirarishtha,

Kathakakhadiradikashaya,

Udumbarasara,

Pushyanugachoorna are the few important formulations containg these drugs in various proportions and combinations.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Jambubeejachoorna, Jambutwakkashaya are the simple preparations that are found beneficial to restore the normal quantity of urine. Suitable drugs can be made into combination as per ones constitution and can be used from the group of Panchavalkala drugs in frequent urination conditions.

Formulation development opportunities:

Proper combination of the herbs from the above list will surely yield potent and safe formulation with all the benefits in then conditions like Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes incipidus, diuresis, nocturia, uncontrolled urination etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The formulation should be used with utmost caution where urine output is markedly reduced. In old age and especially in BPH associated health issues this should be restricted or else prescribed with strict medical supervision.

MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA GANA 

मुत्रविरजनीय -

-पद्मोत्पलनलिनकुमुदसौगन्धिकपुण्डरीकशतपत्रमधुकप्रियङ्गुधातकीपुष्पाणीति मुत्रविरजनियानी भवंती!

1

DETAILS

The color of the urine too determine the health status of the individual. If the color is deranged one has to investigate the urine in different angles and the doshic imbalance has to be inferred and the relative treatment should be adopted. It does not mean that the color is the only criteria but has its own role in assessment of the diseases of the Uro- genital system.

Accordingly Acharyas have coined a term which helps to restore the proper color of the urine.The ‘virajana’ means coloring and virajaneeya refers to the agents which are responsible in that regard. The herbal drugs referred in this context are enumerated as Mutra virajaneeya dravya.

Usually such drugs are having direct effect over Pitta dosha mainly followed with some extent effect over Kapha too. 

2

MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA GANA 

1. Padma – Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)-Petals

Coolant, diuretic, sedative, anxiolytic, carminative, blood purifier etc.

2. Utpala (Nymphaea alba) -Petals

Complexion enhancer, diuretic, lithotripsic, cholegogue, antacid etc.

3. Nalina (a variety of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)-Petals

Stabilizer, coolant ,antacid, alkalizer, energizer,diuretic etc.

4. Kumuda (Nymphaea alba Linn.)-Petals or Stamens

Stimulant, carminative, coolant, complexion enhancer, wound healing etc.

5. Saugandhika (variety of Nymphaea alba)-Petals

Sedative, anxiolytic, energizer, antacid, laxative, diuretic etc.

6. Pundarika (red variety of Nymphaea stellata Linn.)-Petals

Anti flatulent, antacid, energizer, coolant etc.

7. Shatapatra (a variety of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)-Petals

Wound healing, anti bacterial, memory enhancer, complexion enhancer etc.

8. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra – Roots

Antacid, memory enhancer, wound healing, rejuvinative, blood purifier, expectorant etc.

9. Priyangu (Callicarpa macrophylla) -Seeds

Stimulant, analgesic, anti imnflammatory, wormicide etc.

10. Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz.) – Flowers

Stabilizer, restorative, energizer, complexion enhancer, digestive ,tonic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of these drugs are sweet or bitter mixed astringent in taste and have cold potency. They undergo sweet kind of metabolic change (Madhura vipaka).The drugs of this group are unctuous, cold, thick, dense and soft in character. They are usually coolants, complexion enhancers, wound healing and diuretics in action.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs or in combination found to be effective in the conditions like dysurea, spermatorrhoea, obstructive jaundice, chronic fever, intermittent fevers, gastric ulcers, urinary calculi, haemeturia etc.

In few of the gynaecic disorders like menorrhagia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, PCOD, recurrent abortions also the above mentioned drugs are useful in various combinations. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Aravindasava,

Saptamrita loha,

Yashtyadi choorna,

Madhukadya ghrita,

Prapoundarika kashaya,

Kumudotpala kashaya etc are the important formulations of this group of herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Kumuda-Padma –Utpala etc are taken in the form of decoction or fresh juice so as to pacify the paittic problems like burning during urination, haematuria, menorrhagia, paittic head ache, skin eruptions etc.

Likewise Yashtimadhu is administered along with sugar cane juice or Chandana decoction or cold infusion for recurrent urinary tract infections.

Formulation development opportunities:

The selective drugs can be chosen and potent combination can be made from this group or by adding some other ingredients s o as to tackle major health issues like infective and non infective liver disorders, hormonal imbalances, blood borne disorders etc.

Similarly coolant syrups or distillates (Arka) can also be made so as to counteract the heat caused during summer. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such these are not having any absolute contra indications or disadvantages. But large dose administration of these herbs in any form may misguide the color interpretation of the urine as they have the effect of masking the color of urine.

MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA GANA

मुत्रविरेचनीय - -वृक्षादनीश्वदंष्ट्रावसुकवशिरपाषाणभेददर्भकुशकाशगुन्द्रेत्कटमूलानीति इती दशेमानि मूत्रविरेचनीयानि भवन्ति !

*मुत्रकृच्छे,मुत्राघाते अश्मर्या च मुत्रविरेचनीयानाम उपयोग:!

1

DETAILS

The word Mutra Virechaneeya means that which expels out the vitiated urine. Or else the drugs which are helpful to cleanse the urine or urinary bladder are termed as Mutra virechaneeya.

Such drugs are indeed needed in cases of obstruction of the urine due to several factors; may be functional obstruction or mild structural defects too.If the vitiated urine is stagnated in the body it will further deterirate the bladder or site of origin(Kidneys) as well as its pathway(urinary tract).So it becomes essential to push out the vitiated or

stagnated urine in time from its place of accumulation.

Such a function or action is possible only if the drugs are penetrative, quick acting,

deep invading and diuretic in propery. 

2

MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA GANA 

1. Vrukshadani (Dendrophthoe falcata Linn. f.)-Whole plant

Diuretic, anti inflammatory, lithotripsic, digestive, carminative etc.

2. Shvadamstra (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) -Seeds

Lithotripsic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, anti inflammatory, coolant etc.

3. Vasuka (Indigofera enneaphylla Linn.)-Whole plant

Anti inflammatory, diuretic, stabilizer, restorative etc.

4. Vasira (Gynandropsis gynandra Briquet)-Whole plant

Rejuvinative, replenisher, lithotripsic, minute channel invading etc.

5. Pashanabheda (Bergenia ligulata Engl.)-Whole plant

Lithotripsic, scraping, anti hyperlipidemeic, blood thinner etc.

6. Darbha (a variety of Desmostachya bipinnata Staff.)-Roots

Rejuvinative, urine purifier, diuretic, anti inflammatory etc.

7. Kusha (Desmostachya bipinnata)-Roots

Haemostatic, diuretic, anti microbial, rejuvinative etc.

8. Kasha (Saccharum spontaneum Linn.) – Roots

Diuretic, lithotripsic, anti inflammatory, wound healing etc.

9. Gundra (Saccharum sara) – Roots

Analgesic, anti inflammatory, diuretic, antacid, alkalizer etc.

10. Itkata – Sesbania bispinosa-Roots

Diuretic, anti inflammatory, rejuvinative, anti hyperglycemic, scraping etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred in the above context are bitter mixed sweet in taste and few are astringent. These are unctuous-cooling-light-minute and motile in quality.They usually undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipaka) and are cold in potency.

These drugs are coolants, diuretic, anti inflammatory, analgesic, lithotripsic and few are steptic too. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Mutra virechaneetya drug containing formulations are useful in dysurea, urinary obstruction, mild cases of BPH, urinary calculi etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Trina panchamoola kashaya,

Gokshurado kashaya,

Gokshuradi guggulu,

Itkatakadi kashaya,

Pashanabheda kashaya,

Ashmarihara kashaya etc are the important formulations of this group of herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder of Gokshura in the dose of 2-3 gram can be administered along with tender coconut water or warm water in the cases of dysurea. Pashanabheda fresh juice or decoction has proven efficacy in cases of mild to moderate cases of Urinary calculi.

Formulation development opportunities:

Even though several classical and proprietary products are available containing these drugs in various combinations the alkali made out of these drugs is not yet came to market. So on proper research studies such an alkaline product can be brought to market which may act quite competitive manner in tackling the repeated complaints of dysurea, urinary calculi, burning during urination etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The above said drugs are to be avoided in the dieresis patients who pass urine repeatedly in large quantity. In old aged patients who are not having ligamental control and who pass the urine in bed unknowingly due to organic defects or psychological disorders are also better to avoid the formulations derived out of these drugs.

KASAHARA GANA

कासहर -

-द्राक्षाभयामलकपिप्पलीदुरालभाशृङ्गीकण्टकारिकावृश्चीरपुनर्नवातामलक्य इति दशेमानि कासहराणि भवन्ति !

*कर्कटशृंगी शटी गुडुचि कन्टकारी पिप्पली भारन्गी च वातजकासं हन्ती!

*सिता धात्री द्राक्षा वासा मधुकं धन्वयास च पित्तज कासं हन्ती !

* पिप्पली पिप्पलीमुल मरिचं अगरु बृहती बिभितक शुन्ठी देवदारु कासमर्द हिन्जल च कफजकासं हन्ती!

* लाक्षा वंशलोचना मधुयस्टि बला च क्षतजकासं क्षयजकासं च हन्ती!

1

DETAILS

According to Sanskrit-“Kaasan harati iti Kasahara”. It means the substance or medicament whixch helps to pacify or get rid of Kasa(cough) is called Kasahara.In other words the potent medicines which are capable of pacifying the complaint of cough are termed by the name Kasahara according to ayurveda.

Ayurveda considers Kasa as a Vata kapha predominant condition and Avalambaka kapha and Prana-Udana vata are mainly involved. So the drugs mentioned here are capable of normalizing their vitiated functions.

The drugs prescribed here are capable of strengthening the chest and potent enough to take out

the phlegm accumulated in the chest and throat due to expectorating action. They are rejuvinative,

immune modulator and energizers too. 

2

KASAHARA GANA

1. Darksha – Raisin – Vitis vinifera –Dry fruits

Expectorant, tonic, rejuvinative, laxative, soothing, hemetenic etc.

2. Abhaya – Terminalia chebula –Fruit rind

Laxative, digestive, carminative, anti flatulent, decongestant etc.

3. Amalaka (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) -Fruits

Restorative, rejuvinative, complexion enhancer, immune modulator etc.

4. Pippali – Long pepper– Piper longum –Fruit

Expectorant, anti tussive, carminative, digestive, liver stimulant etc.

5. Duralabha (Fagonia cretica Linn.)-Roots

Decongestant, anti inflammatory, hemetenic, anti tussive etc.

6. Shrungi (Rhus succedanea Linn.) -Galls

Broncho dilator, decongestant, expectorant, scraping etc.

7. Kantakarika – Solanum xanthocarpum –Whole plant or Fruits or Roots

Broncho dilator, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti tussive, expectorant etc.

8. Vrushchira (white variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.)-Whole plant or Roots

Rejuvinative, tissue replenisher, energizer, soothing, diuretic etc.

9. Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.) –Whole plant or Roots

Diuretic, soothing, tissue replenisher, energizer, rejuvinative, diuretic etc.

10. Tamalaki (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) -Whole plant

Decongestant, liver tonic, liver stimulant, anxiolytic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Almost all the drugs in this group are bitter and pungent in taste and dry-light-hot in nature and they are pungent in metabolic change. Those wdrugs which are sweet in taste are undergoing sweet kind of metabolic change and are sweet on metabolic change,like Draksha, Amalaki,Tamalaki etc. So these drugs as per the nature have dual action for both dry cough as well as cough with expectoration.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

They are effective in cold, nasal congestion, throat pain, laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, chronic rhinitis, head ache etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Pippalysava,

Draksharishtha,

Shringyadi choorna,

Drakshavaleha,

Amalaki rasayana,

Vyaghree hareetaki,

Duralabhasava,

Trikatu choorna,

Talisadi choorna,

Sitopaladi choorna etc are the few formulations containing the herbs referred in this group.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Draksha kashaya with sugar candy works well in dry cough. Similarly the Pippali choorna with honey is effective in cough with expectoration. Tamalaki choorna or Kashaya is effective in allergic rhinitis and allergic bronchitis conditions.

Formulation development opportunities:

Depending upon the doshic dominance and chronicity of the illness or stage of cough potent dosage forms can be made like tablets, chewable tablets, linctus, lehya, syrup etc. The lozenges can also be made with suitable adjuvants and binding agents. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The drugs which are causing dryness and that which act as expectorants should be used as per the need, on proper analysis of doshic dominance. If they are prescribed in contrary they may worsen the condition.

SHWASAHARA GANA 

श्वासहर - -शटीपुष्करमूलाम्लवेतसैलाहिङ्ग्वगुरुसुरसातामलकीजीवन्तीचण्डा इति दशेमानि श्वासहराणि भवन्ति !

* उरस्तानगतान कफादीदोषां श्वासहरानी द्रव्यानी भवंती,तथा च प्राणम च अनुलोमयती!

1

DETAILS

Breathlessness or dyspnoea may occur due to hereditary in few of the individuals and in few more it may manifest as an allergic manifestation. But the line of treatment hold well one another and usually Kapha Vatahara treatment is undertaken where the site if Pitta is also taken care.

Ayurveda considers Asthma by the name ‘Shwasa’ roga. It is a Prana and Udana vata gata vikara; some extent Avalambaka kapha is also involved in the causation of this particular problem.

Shwasahara gana referred in Charaka samhita emphasizes the broncho-dilating, anti-tussive and expectorant effect altogether. 

2

SHWASAHARA GANA 

1. Shathi- Hedychium spicatum – Rhizome

Anti tussive, expectorant, digestive, carminative, broncho dilating etc.

2. Pushkaramoola – Inula racemosa – Roots

Expectorant, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti spasmodic, anti flatulent etc.

3. Amlavetasa- Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) / Garcinia pedunculata -Fruit or Leaves

Cardiac topnic, digestive, carminative, expectorant, anti flatulent, appetizer etc.

4. Ela- Elatteria cardamomum – Seeds

Sootning, expectorant, anti tussive, detoxifier, carminative, steptic etc.

5. Hingu- Ferula narthex – Resin

Carminative, digestive, anti flatulant, digestive, anti spasmodic etc.

6. Agaru- Aquilaria agallocha – Heart wood

Digestive, immune modulator, anti tussive, analgesic etc.

7. Surasa-Tulasi- Ocimum sanctum – Leaves

Broncho dilator, expectorant, skin detoxifier, blood purifier, anti dote, anti inflammatory etc.

8. Tamalaki – Phyllanthus niruri – Whole plant

Liver stimulant, anti tussive, expectorant, appetizer, alkalizer, blood purifier, coolant etc.

9. Jeevanti- Leptadenia reticulata – Roots

Galactogogue, nutritive, energizer, nourishing, diuretic, rejuvinative etc.

10. Chanda – Costus speciosus – Rhizome

Broncho dilator, appetizer, digestive, carminative, bitter tonic, liver stimulant etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs enumerated under this heading are pungent or bitter in taste and most of them are hot in potency (Ushna veerya) and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change(Katu vipaka).They are light-hot and penetrative in quality.

Altogether they act as broncho dilators, anti tussive, expectorants, digestive, carminative and rejuvinatives. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The formulations derived from these herbs act quite effectively in cough, cold, asthma, allergic rhinitis, cold, tonsillitis, fever, head ache, chest congestion etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Kacchooradi choorna,

Pushkaramoolasava,

Eladi vati,

Tulasyasava,

Surasadi kashaya,

Eladi choorna,

Hingu triguna taila,

Hinwadi vati are the inique preparations of these drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder of Shathi is mixed with turmeric powder and applied to the scalp. This will reduce the nasal congestion, cold and asthma. Or else fine powder is mixed with honey or jaggery and asked to lick. This will reduce the attacks of asthma. Also effective in cold, head ache, chest congestion, flatulence, indigestion etc.

Decoction of Tamalaki or Tulasi are also equally beneficial. Hot infusion can also be used in such conditions.

Formulation development opportunities

Depending upon the associated symptoms of Asthma suitable combinations can be made and practiced like lozenges, chewable tablets, syrups or concentrated decoctions.

Few unique preparations like Dhoomravarti (suppositories for fumigation/inhalation) or dusting powder to add to the fire and to smoke can also be used. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As few of the drugs are hot in potency and pungent in metabolic change the drugs should be prescribed withutmost care in pregnant and in young children.

SHOTHAHARA GANA 

शोथहर -

-पाटलाग्निमन्थश्योनाकबिल्वकाश्मर्यकण्टकारिकाबृहतीशालपर्णीपृश्निपर्णीगोक्षुरका इति दशेमानि श्वयथुहरानी भवंती !

1

DETAILS

In Sanskrit language ‘Shotha’ means swelling or edema. Any kind of inflammation is termed as Shotha. Depending upon the type and site it is denoted by another nearer term Shopha or Shvayathu.

Even though pain is not a mandatory feature in Shotha usually it is presented with pain and swelling. So, the drugs which are denoted as Shothahara usually have anti inflammatory as well as analgesic effect.

As pain and swelling are the dominant features in most of the diseases as per ayurveda as well as

allopathic system of medicine Shothahara drugs have wide application and utility.

2

SHOTHAHARA GANA 

1. Patala (Stereospermum suaveolens DC.) -Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, digestive, carminative, stabilizer etc.

2. Agnimantha (Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f.)-Roots

Carminative, digestive, appetizer, anti inflammatory, anti spasmodic etc.

3. Shyonaka (Oroxylum indicum Vent.) -Roots

Carminative, anti inflammatory, nervine tonic, analgesic etc.

4. Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.)-Roots

Absorbant, appetizer, analgesic, anti inflammatory, anti microbial, wormicide etc.

5. Kashmarya (Gmelina arborea Linn.) – Roots

Stabilizer, energizer, nervine tonic, anti inflammatory etc.

6. Kantakarika – Solanum xanthocarpum -Roots

Expectorant, anti tussiove, broncho dilator, anti inflammatory etc.

7. Brihati – Solanum indicum -Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti pyretic, decongestant etc.

8. Shalaparni (Desmodium gangeticum DC.)-Roots

Nervine stabilizer, restorative, anti inflammatory, bulk enhancer etc.

9. Prishnaparni – Uraria picta – Roots

Restorative, rejuvinative, nervine tonic, analgesic etc.

10. Goksuraka (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) – Roots

Diuretic, anti inflammatory, aphrodisiac, coolant, stabilizer etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The above drugs are together mentioned as ‘Dashamoola’ in Ayurveda and they include Brihat panchamoola (Bilva, Agnimantha, Shyonaka, Kashmari and Patala) and Laghu panchamoola (Shaliparni, Prishniparni, Brihati, Kantakari and Gokshura).These drugs are acting as Vatakaphahara and rich with heavy-unctuous -hot and stable qualities.

Most of these drugs are hot in potency and undergoing pungent kind of metabolic change(Katu vipaka).

They acts as anti inflammatory, analgesic, diuretic and soothing agents. They regulate the neuro- muscular activities too. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

They are useful in most of the Vata disorders, emaciating disoreders, sluggished neuro muscular functions, diseases of the locomotor system, arthritis, back ache, sciatica etc. In head ache, asthma, neuralgia etc also it is having significant benefits.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Dashamoola kashaya,

Dashamoola katutrayadi kashaya,

Dashamoolarioshtha,

Dashamoola hareetaki,

Eladashamooladi lehya etc are the few important formulations derived out of these drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In case of localized edema fine paste of leaves of Bilva can be applied over those parts. If the swelling is hard and cold, or associated with numbness or persisting since long time, this paste can be applied after making it into lukewarm.

If the swelling is persisting in dependent parts of the body or in extremities hot infusion or decoction of Gokshura is found to be useful.

Formulation development opportunities

As the swelling is a common phenomenon in most of the health issues potent herbal medicines have demand throughout and always. So the Dashamoola drugs can be modified into Ghanavati or Capsules of the herbal extracts.As per the need Nirgundi-Shallaki-Guggulu-Rasna etc can also be added and its potency can be modified. Also this can be used to increase the potency of the herbo- minieral preparation by impregnation or grinding so that the safety aspects can be improved and highly efficacious competitive ayurvedic product can be designed. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the drugs explained under this group are hot in potency and pungent in metabolic change they may trigger the Paittic health problems. So in Pitta associated conditions it should not be prescribed.

JWARAHARA GANA 

ज्वरहर -

-सारिवाशर्करापाठामञ्जिष्ठाद्राक्षापीलुपरूषकाभयामलकबिभीतकानीति दशेमानि ज्वरहराणि भवन्ति

1

DETAILS

Fever is the most common health issue and it may be found as a disease or as a feature in several complex disease conditions. So managing the simple complaint of fever also becomes a herculean task many a times.

Ayurveda considers Jwara as the first disease in most of the texts and it refers to follow classical line of treatment where Amapachana (digestion) and Agni deepana (carminative of the digestive fire) are the two important entities to be followed. So the drugs prescribed under this category are having predominantly these properties followed with added advantages in various other respects so as to manage various complex disease conditions too.

The Srotoshodhana(clearance of the channels-especially Rsavaha and Raktavaha srotas ,

Jwara beimng the disease of Rasavaha srotas) is the another important entity and

the drugs specified here fulfill all these needs in various degree of effectiveness 

2

JWARAHARA GANA 

1. Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmus indicus– Roots

Blood purifier, coolant, carminative, anti arthritic, immune modulator etc.

2. Sharkara – Sugar

Tonic, rejuvinative, energizer, coolant, diuretic ,instant replenisher etc.

3. Patha (Cissampelos pareria Linn.)– Roots

Carminative, bitter tonic, blood purifier, stabilizer, anti pyretic, diaphoretic, brestmilk purifier etc.

4. Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.)– Roots or Whole plant

Blood purifier, anti arthritic, alkalizer, scraping, complexion enhancer etc.

5. Draksha – Raisin – Vitis vinifera – Dry fruits

Nutritive, nourishing, laxative, digestive, carminative, anti pyretic, appetizer etc.

6. Pilu (Salvadora persica Linn.)– Stem or whole plant

Laxative, anti pyretic, alkalizer, diuretic, laxative etc.

7. Parushaka (Grewia asiatica Linn.)– Fruits or Roots

Cardiac tonic, nourishing, digestive, stabilizer, coolant etc.

8. Abhaya – Terminalia chebula – Fruit rind

Laxative, rejuvinative, restorative, scraping, replenisher, astringent tonic etc.

9. Amalaka (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) – Dry fruits

Eye tonic, rejuvinative, stabilizer, restorative, complexion enhancer, hemetenic etc.

10. Vibhitaka (Terminalia belerica Roxb.)– Fruit rind

Digestive, restorative, absorband, scraping etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred here if analysed superficially does not appear as strong antipyretics and one can

point out several very effective anti pyretics from classical as well as scientific studies. But indepth

and thorough analysis of the subject matter and the underlying content with respect to the

phenomenon of Jwara as per Ayurveda several multi fold entities will be explored.

Importantly the concept of the managing of the Sthanika pitta without disturbing the deranged digestive fire is evident by the combination of the drugs referred here.

The drugs mentioned under this context are Pittahara and astrinegtnt and bitter in nature.They are moderate and not deep penetrative and have the ability to moderate the doshas in the place of stomach and in the extremities (Shaka).The drugs are hot in potency and sweet in metabolic change or cold in potency and pungent in metabolic change is the special feature of such drugs. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are useful in varieties of fevers and recurrent fevers as well as chronic fevers. Also they are effective in skin diseases, liver disorders, nervine problems and blood borne diseases.

The drugs in combination with potent digestives and carminatives and bitter ingredients have the ability to manage the infective diseases also where fever is the common feature. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Sarivadyasava,

Parpatakarishtha,

Draksharishta,

Drakshadi kashaya,

Abhayarishtha,

Amritarishtha etc are the few important formulations derived out of the above herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Simple decoction or hot infusion of Patha is capable of pacifying varieties of fevers.In case of fever associated with debility or in post fever fatigue decoction of Sariva or Draksha is proved to be effective.

Formulation development opportunities

Even though Paracetamol, which is considered to be the nector or panacea of the mankind in the cases of fever several disadvantages are reported and scientific studies too have proved that it may cause acute and chronic liver toxicity. So herbal molecule is derived and practiced after scientific validation in experimental models as well as clinical trials society will be benefitted at the large. So the potent tablets, concentrated extracts or syrups can be planned out of these drugs so as to tackle pyrexia of different origin and nature. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The dosage forms prepared out of the above drugs should be prescribed in appropriate dosage. If the dose is reduced and in appropriate combination is made the drug may not serve the purpose for which it is referred.

SHRAMAHARA GANA 

श्रमहर -

-द्राक्षाखर्जूरप्रियालबदरदाडिमफल्गुपरूषकेक्षुयवषष्टिका इति दशेमानि श्रमहराणि भवन्ति !

* श्रमहरानी प्राय वातपित्तहरानी मधुररसप्रधानानी शीतविर्यानी च!

* श्रमहरानी रसरक्तमांसपोषकानि च भवंती!

1

DETAILS

The work leads to exhaustion. The tiredness should be managed effectively by nutritious supplements. Ayurveda prescribes several such nourishing and replenishing medicaments and they are termed as Shramaharagana drugs which mean the drugs capable of revitalizing and energy boosting drugs of ayurvedicpharmacognosy.

These drugs are instant energy supplements and tissue replenishers. Due to their high nutritional value and nature of instant energy supply they have been named as shramahara drugs.

2

SHRAMAHARA GANA 

1. Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera -Dry fruits

Nutritive, nourishing, laxative, hemetenic, energizing, complexion enhancers ,tonic etc.

2. Kharjura – Dates – (Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.) – Dry fruits

Hemetenic, instant energizer, hemetenic, rejuvinative, stimulant, digestive,

bulk enhancer etc.

3. Priyala (Buchananialanzan) – Seeds

Bitter tonic, rejuvinative, anti helmethic, stimulant, anti microbial etc.

4. Badara – Zizyphus jujube – Seeds

Stabilizer, restorative, bulk enhancer, cardiac tonic, stimulant etc.

5. Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum – Fruit

Cardiac tonic, carminative, digestive, stimulant, hemetenic, absorbant, appetizer etc.

6. Phalgu (Ficushispida Linn. f.)-Fruits

Coolant, bulk enhancer, diuretic, soothing, tonic, nutritive, nourishing etc.

7. Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.) – Fruits

Cardiac tonic, appetizer, carminative, tonic, energizer etc.

8. Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum Linn.)-Stem/Juice

Diuretic, instant energizer, soothing, revitalize, rejuvinative, replenisher etc.

9. Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare) – Seeds

Bowel bulk enhancer, cooling, soothing, energizer etc.

10. Shashtika ( a variety of rice – Oryzasativa Linn.)-Seeds

Nutritive, nourishing, energizer, bulk enhancer etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The herbal drugs mentioned under this group are sweet or sour in nature and majority and cooling and cold in potency. They undergo sweet kind of metabolic change.

These act as bulk enhancers, energizers, stimulants, tonics and tissue replenishers. They are the instant energy providers too. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

They are useful in dietary supplements in variety of disorders especially in Gastro intestinal disorders and uro- genital diseases. Their good benefits can be appreciated in fatigue, general debility, muscular wasting, cardiac disorders etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Draksharishtha,

Drakshavaleha,

Kharjuradimantha,

Kolakulatthadikashaya,

Dadimarishtha,

Matalarasayana,

Dadimadyavaleha,

Dadimashthakachoornaetc are the well known formulations containing these herbs in major amount.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The fruits like Kharjura-Draksha-Phalguetc can be taken as such as they are the rich sources of vitamins and energy depots. Hot or cold infusion or fresh juice can also be made out of such drugs or in addition to few dry fruits like cashew nut, Badam, Pista etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

Selective herbs of this group can be made into syrups or Lehya can be practiced daily. As they are the rich sources of minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates their Pudding can also be made. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such these drugs are not having any absolute contra indication s or adverse reactions as majority of the drugs are nutritive and tonics.

DAHA PRASHAMANA GANA 

दाहप्रशमन-

-लाजाचन्दनकाश्मर्यफलमधूकशर्करानीलोत्पलोशीरसारिवागुडूचीह्रीबेराणीति दशेमानि दाहप्रशमनानि भवन्ति !

* दाह पित्तात तथा वातपित्ताच तथा धातूक्षयाच्च दाह भवती!

* रसक्षये वातपित्तयो कोपात यदा दाह सन्जायते तदा प्रवाल मौक्तिक मुस्ता वालकं ईक्षुरस दुग्धं च रसधातूपोषनेन दाह्प्रशमनानी भवंती !

* रक्तधातुक्षये सारिवा दुर्वा रक्तचन्दन नीलकमल च दाहप्रशमनानी भवंती!

* मांसधातूक्षयजे दाहे द्राक्षा निंब मधुकं च दाहप्रशमन भवती!

* मेदोधातूक्षयजे दाहे गुडुचि भुनिम्ब चन्दनानी भवंती!

* प्रियाल लाजा गुडुचि आमलकं च अस्थिमज्जगे दाहे उपयुक्तं!

* शतावरी नवनीतं घृतं च शुक्रक्षयजं दाहं शमयती !

1

DETAILS

In Sanskrit language Daha refers burning sensation. The drugs capable of reducing the burning sensation of the body are referred as Daha Prashamana or coolants.

Burning sensation is a common feature in almost all Paittic disorders. So tackling the burning sensation is of utmost priority in all bilious health issues and the coolants referred in this context are capable of pacifying the underlying pathology in such cases.

The medicines referred here are cold-heavy-thick-dense-soft and stable in nature. Most of them are sweet in

taste and the formulation derived out of these herbs if administered in the form of cold infusion may

contribute benefits in greater range. 

2

DAHA PRASHAMANA GANA 

1. Laja (fried paddy)

Nutritive, anti emetic, nourishing, antacid, diuretic etc.

2. Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album– Heart wood

Coolant, blood purifier, uro genital system strengthener, uterine tonic, skin detox etc.

3. Kashmarya (Gmelina arborea Linn. )– Fruits

Coolant, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti spasmodic, wound healing etc.

4. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra– Root

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

5. Sharkara – Sugar

Coolant, antacid, energizer, rejuvinative, diuretic etc.

6. Nilotpala (Nymphaea stellata Willd. )– Flowers

Blood purifier, wound healing, antacid, uterine tonic etc.

7. Usheera – Vettiver – Vetiveria zizanioides– Roots

Diuretic, antacid, coolant, sedative, anti inflammatory etc.

8. Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmus indicus – Roots

Skin detoxifier, hair tonic, wound healing, coolant, anxiolytic etc.

9. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Miers.) – Stem

Rejuvinative, anti arthritic, anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, bitter tonic etc.

10. Hribera (Pavonia odorata Willd. )- Fruits

Coolant, bitter tonic, anti inflammatory, blood purifier, anti pyretic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred under this heading are cold-light-unctuous and thick in quality. Usually they are cold in potency and sweet mixed astringent or bitter in taste. They act as Pittahara and are cold in potency. Majority of the drugs are sweet while during metabolic change.

They act as coolants, diuretic, anti pyretic, blood purifiers and wound healing agents. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are useful in fever, pemphigus, skin eruptions, sun stroke, chronic skin diseases, stomatitis, bilious conditions etc. In herpes, burning urination, haemerroids and such other paittic troubles also it is found useful.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Laja manda,

Chandanadi panaka,

Neelotpaladi kashaya,

Usheeradi kashaya,

Usheerasava,

Chandanasava,

Chandanadi vati,

Sarivadyasava,

Shadanga paneeya,

Chandanadi taila etc are the few important formulations containing these herbs and drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In summer seasons parched rice is made into fine powder and to that whey (supernatant part of buttermilk or curd) is added and by dissolving little jiggery or sugar it is taken twice daily. This helps to prevent from the burning urination, body blisters, excess thirst etc.

Cold infusion of Chandana is added with sugar candy and can be taken during burning sensation of the body.

Usheera or Sariva added cold water is also equally beneficial to beat the warmth caused due to summer or bilious troubles.

Formulation development opportunities

The drugs like Sariva-Chandana-Hreebera-Madhuka-Neelotpala can be added together in particular proportion and instant cold or hot infusion can be made. Those who feel difficulty top prepare it freshly can make it into the syrup and can be stored. Usheera and Sariva are the best coolants and aromatic herbs and their constant use will reduce the perspiration as well as the body warmth. So they can be made into readymade syrups and can be stored in closed bottles. Their squashes and soft drinks can also be formulated. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As majority of the drugs are coolants they not advisable in the conditions where digestive fire is significantly reduced. Also in Kapha predominant conditions they are recommended.

SHEETA PRASHAMANA GANA 

शीतप्रशमन-

-तगरागुरुधान्यकशृङ्गवेरभूतीकवचाकण्टकार्यग्निमन्थश्योनाकपिप्पल्य इति दशेमानि शीतप्रशमनानि भवन्ति!

* शैत्यं कफात वातकफात सन्जायते!

* URTI, Pneumonia, सकफकास.

1

DETAILS

‘Sheeta’ means Cold. According to ayurveda cold is a characteristic quality in both Kapha and Vata dosha. Hence whenever Vata or Kapha or together doshas are vitiated the individual may experience sensation of cold, depending upon the percentage of the doshic dominance.

So, the drugs which are indicated to pacify the sensation of cold should be either Vatahara or Kaphahara or Vatakaphahara characters.

Importantly warmth/hotness should be there in the indicated drug. In case if hot quality is absent

the drug should be capable to impart such an action by means of pungent kind of metabolic change or

hot in potency. If either of the characters are absent such a drug must have special influence to

impart such an action. Same is explained here below as per classical drugs mentioned in this regard. 

2

SHEETA PRASHAMANA GANA 

1. Tagara (Valeriana wallichi DC.)– Stem or Heart wood

Carminative, digestive, anti inflammatory, analgesic etc.

2. Aguru (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.)– Heart wood

Anti inflammatory, anti tussive, broncho dilator, anti histaminic etc.

3. Dhanyaka (Cordiandrum sativum Linn.)– Seeds

Scraping, absorbant, digestive, carminative, appetizer etc.

4. Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiber officinale– Rhizome

Digestive, carminative, anti inflammatory, anti spasmodic, appetizer, liver stimulant etc.

5. Bhutika (Trachyspermum ammi Sprague.)– Seeds

Anti flatulent, energizer, absorbant, digestive, stimulant etc.

6. Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.) – Rhizome

Memory enhancer, anti spasmodic, anti histaminic, digestive, carminative, stimulant etc.

7. Kantakari – Solanum xanthocarpum– Root or Fruits

Broncho dilator,anti inflammatory, expectorant, anti asthmatic, anti histaminic etc.

8. Agnimantha (Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f.)– Root

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, digestive, carminative, absorbant etc.

9. Shyonaka (Oroxylum indicum Vent.) – Root

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti flatulant, appetizer, stimulant etc.

10. Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum– Fruits

Carminative, digestive, liver stimulant, appetizer, broncho dilator, rejuvinative etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Thorough review of Sheetaprashamana drugs gives us inference that the drugs explained under this heading are hot in nature and majority of the drugs are pungent or astringent in taste. They undergo pungent kind of metabolic change(Katu vipaka) which in turn acts as pacifier of cold nature which may be caused due to Vata or Kapha.

Due to the above said qualities these drugs act as carminative-digestive-stimulant-deep penetrative and liver stimulants. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs explained here are found to be useful in the treatment of chronic fevers, intermittent fevers, post fever debility, infective disorders, cold associated ill health conditions etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Dashamoolarishtha,

Pippalyasava,

Vachadi choorna,

Hingu vachadi choorna,

Vachadi taila,

Dashamoola rasayana,

Vyaghree hareetaki etc are the important formulations of the drugs of this group.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The single drugs like Kantakari-Vacha-Pippali-Shunthi etc can be made into decoction or hot infusion and can be prescribed in the dose of 15-20 ml twice a day. This is effective in PUO conditions as well as chronic fever cases.

Fine powder of Pippali and Shunthi along with a pinch of salt is effective in indigestion and flatulence cases.

Formulation development opportunities

Even though cold may be found in several ill health conditions especially where Vata and Kapha are vitiated, it is most common in post fever debility conditions and in indigestion or flatulence cases. So it is always wise to pacify the complaint at the earliest. In this respect fine powder of these drugs can be administered along with lukewarm water or its readymade granules can be prescribed. As most of the drugs are non hygroscopic and dry in nature they can be brought into the form of capsules. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The herbs enumerated here are hot in nature, hot in potency wise and they are pungent in taste as well as metabolic change. It is the reason it should not be used abruptly in children, old aged and during pregnancy as well as puerperal period.

UDARDA PRASHAMANA GANA

उदर्दप्रशमन- 

-तिन्दुकप्रियालबदरखदिरकदरसप्तपर्णाश्वकर्णार्जुनासनारिमेदा इति दशेमान्युदर्दप्रशमनानि भवन्ति ! 

1

DETAILS

Sheetapitta and Udarda are the two disease entities caused due to the Vata and Kapha dosha predominance respectively.But together they are understood as allergic rashes. The characteristic feature of Sheetapitta is the skin rashes are usually localized and they are in fine blister form.

Udarda is manifested due to kapha doshas and hence there will be dense thickening or sensation of thick boils or eruptions.

The drugs recommended for the cure of Udarda are potent blood purifiers and immune modulators.

They are bitter or astringent in taste and good scraping agents too. 

2

UDARDA PRASHAMANA GANA 

1. Tinduka (Diospyos peregrine Gurke.)-Roots

Anti histaminic, anti uinflammatory, lithotripsic, scraping etc.

2. Priyala (Buchanania lanzan)-Seeds

Anti tussive, digestive, anti inflammatory, blood purifier, anti histaminic etc.

3. Badara – Zizyphus jujube – Seeds

Stabilizer, digestive, scraping, cardiac tonic, diaphoretic etc.

4. Khadira (Acacia catechu) – Heart wood

Blood purifier, anti hyperglycemic, scraping, expectorant etc.

5. Kadara (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.)-Heart wood

Anti inflammatory, anti histaminic, expectorant, blood purifier etc.

6. Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris R. Br.) – Stem bark

Scraping, blood purifier, anti pyretic, anti in flammatory, liver stimulant etc.

7. Ashvakarna (Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb.)-Stem bark

Anti arthritic, rejuvinative, stabilizer, anti histaminic etc.

8. Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) – Stem bark

Cardiac tonic, blood circulator provider, tissue replenisher, stabilizer etc.

9. Asana (Pterocarpus marsupium) –Stem bark

Anti hyperglycemic, scraping, anti diabetic, blood purifier etc.

10. Arimeda (Acacia farnesiana) – Stem bark

Teeth protective, scraping, stabilizer, restorative, blood purifier etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Maximum drugs referred here bitter or astringent in taste and they are hot in potency and hence pacifiers of Kapha dosha. Almost all drugs are pungent in metabolic change(Katu vipaka) and they are blood purifiers. In addition they are predominant with restorative, anti hyperglycemic, rejuvinative and immune modulator actions.

As the Rasa nd Rakta doshas are involved with maximum vitiation the above drugs are capable of strengthening the Rasa and Rakta dhatus. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The ingredients of this group are individually or in combination found tom be effective in the conditions like urticarial rashes, herpes, eczema, dermatosis, dhobi itch, dandruff, pemphigus etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Kolakulatthadi kashaya,

Khadirashthaka kashaya,

Khadirarishtha,

Arjunarishtha,

Parthadya kashaya,

Asanadi gana kashaya,

Arimedadi taila,

Asanadi kashaya,

Asanabilvadi taila etc.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Decoction of Saptaparna can be used in the dose of 10-15 ml to pacify the complaints like intermittent fever, fever with chills etc. If chills are associated with urinary calculi or UTI Tinduka kashaya is very effective.

Formulation development opportunities

Pyrexia of unknown origin has remained as a mystery for the modern world. The decoction or hot infusion prepared out of the above drugs has significant benefit in this regard. Hence the concentrated decoctions are made or aqueous extracts are obtained from the above drugs potent drugs can be formulated. As per the need, capsules or Ghanavatis can also be made and used in therapeutics. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the drugs like Tinduka-Priyala-Saptaparna are hot in potency they should not be prescribed in the individuals who are suffering from gastric ulcer, bleeding disorders, severe debility, during pregnancy in puerperal period etc.

ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA GANA 

अंगमर्दप्रशमन-

-विदारीगन्धापृश्निपर्णीबृहतीकण्टकारिकैरण्डकाकोलीचन्दनोशीरैलामधुकानीति दशेमान्यङ्गमर्दप्रशमनानि भवन्ति !

* वातकोपात तथा धातुक्षयाच्च अंगमर्दनं भवती , अंगमर्दनानी वातं शमयंती धातून वर्धयती !

* ज्वरपुर्वरूप,ग्रहणीपुर्वरुप, जहा बलक्षय चालु होता है.

1

DETAILS

‘Angamarda’ refers to squeezing kind of pain what a person experiences due to the Vata predominant condition. In vata kapha associated conditions also this may be complained by the patients.

Here, due to the altogether vitiation of vata dosha the dosha spreads all over the body and hence the pain is found in most parts of the body at a time. Especially, the pain complained by such patients in the deep muscular area as well as in joints.

So the drugs prescribed in such cases should be the potent herbs to counteract the deep sited

vata and that too with its full extent. The drugs referred here must act as nutritive/nourishing

as well as soothing too. 

2

ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA GANA 

1. Vidarigandha (Desmodium gangeticum ) – Roots

Neuro muscular stabilizer, energizer, anti inflammatory, analgesic, diuretic etc.

2. Prushniparni (Uraria picta Desv. ) – Roots

Immune modulator, tissue replenisher, analgesic, anti inflammatory etc.

3. Brihati – Solanum indicum – Roots

Anti asthmatic, broncho dilator, anti inflammatory, analgesic, immune modulator etc.

4. Kantakarika – Solanum xanthocarpum – Roots

Broncho dilator, anti tussive, anti inflammatory, anti bacterial, anti fungal etc.

5. Eranda (Ricinus communis Linn.) – Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, aphrodisiac, cholegogue, laxative, scraping etc.

6. Kakoli – Fritillaria roylei – Root

Rejuvinative, galactogogue, nourishing, soothener etc.

7. Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album – Heart wood

Blood purifier, coolant, diuretic, complexion enhancer etc.

8. Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveria zizanioides – Roots

Diuretic, coolant, soothener, anti bacterial, complexion enhancer etc.

9. Ela (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) –Fruits

Anti tussive, blood purifier, diuretic, immune modulator, adaptogenic etc.

10. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra – Root

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred here are unctuous, heavy, thich and stable in nature. Most of the drugs are bitter mixed sweet in taste. They are hot in potency (majority) and pungent in metabolic change.

These drugs act as anti inflammatory, analgesic, immune modulator, stabilizer and adaptogenic in character. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The Angamardaprashamana drugs are effective in arthritis, body ache, neuralgia, colic pain, asthma, chronic pain etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Vidarigandhadi kashaya,

Dashamoolarishtha,

Gandharvahastadi kashaya,

Erandamooladi kashaya,

Kakolyadi kashay,

Dashamoola kashaya,

Chandanadya taila,

Dashamoola bala kashya etc are the important formulations of this group.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Castor root decoction is effective in body ache, back ache, arthritis etc. The medicated oil prepared by the drugs like Chandana – Usheera – Kakoli etc found to be effective for the application as well as massage in majority of Vatic complaints.

Formulation development opportunities

There is a huge demand for the massage oils in recent days. Also the pain relieving oils are the products which have ever demand. Hence by using the drugs referred here potent pain relieving oils can be prepared and marketed.

The people who very often complain of body ache especially after heavy exercise or work can have the oil prepared out of such drugs. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such these drugs are not having any absolute contra indications. But the Brihat panchamoola drugs referred in this group are hot in potency and hence it should be administered with caution in children.

SHOOLA PRASHAMANA GANA 

शुलप्रशमन-

-पिप्पलीपिप्पलीमूलचव्यचित्रकशृङ्गवेरमरिचाजमोदाजगन्धाजाजीगण्डीराणीति दशेमानि शूलप्रशमनानि भवन्ति !

1

DETAILS

Pain is the cardinal feature of Vata dosha. Depending upon the site they are denoted like Udara shoola, Pada shoola, Sandhi shoola, Shira shoola, Karna shoola and so on. Whenever mere Shoola is referred it means the Udarashoola or Abdominal colic.

As the pain is due to vata dosha the drugs referred here must have vata pacifying qualities.

The shoola prashamana drugs referred here potent analgesics, anti spasmodic and digestive

and carminative medicaments. 

2

SHOOLA PRASHAMANA GANA 

1. Pippali – Long pepper– Piper longum – Fruit

Carminative, digestive, anti spasmodic, analgesic, rejuvinating, appetizer, liver stimulant etc.

2. Pippali moola – Long pepper – Piper longum – Root

Anti spasmodic, digestive, carminative, stimulant etc.

3. Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter) – Roots or Stem

Analgesic, antipyretic, liver stimulant, wormicide etc.

4. Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbago zeylanica – Roots

Anti helmenthic, stimulant, appetizer, abortificient etc.

5. Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiber officinale – Rhizome

Stimulant, anti pyretic, analgesic, digestive, anti flatulent etc.

6. Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum – Seeds

Digestive, carminative, anti spasmodic, appetizer, adaptogenic, wormicide etc.

7. Ajamoda – Ajowan (fruit) – Trachyspermum roxburghianum – Seeds

Anti flatulent, analgesic, stimulant, appetizer, digestive, carminative etc.

8. Ajagandha (Gynandropsis gynandra Briquet.) – Whole plant

Anti pyretic, liver stimulant, bitter tonic, anti flatulent etc.

9. Ajaji (Cuminum cyminum Linn. ) -Seeds

Analgesic, anti inflammatory, stimulant, wormicide etc.

10. Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.)-Stem or Roots

Anti microbial, purgative, stimulant, alakizer, rubificient etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred here are hot in potency and they pacify Vata dosha. They are pungent followed with astringent in taste and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipaka). Most of the drugs are hot in potency.

These act as carminative, digestive, anti spasmodic etc. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The formulations derived out of these drugs are beneficial in indigestion, abdominal distension, gaseous tumors, abdominal colic etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Pippalyasava,

Chavikasava,

Chitrakadi vati,

Pippalyadi taila,

Pippalyadi ghrita,

Ajajyadi choorna,

Trikati choorna,

Panchakolasava,

Ksheerashatpala ghrita etc are the few important formulations derived out of these drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder of Ajaji, Shunthi, Pippali etc are made into fine powder and administered along with ghee or warm water. This will act as a good digestive and carminative and hence the colic pain is relied soon. Instead their hot infusion or distillates (Arka) can also be prepared.

Formulation development opportunities

There are good opportunities to prepare as well as modify the formulations derived from the above said drugs. As the digestives-carminatives-anti flatulants and anti spasmodic are the daily needs few of the selective ingredients from this group can be developed into syrups, distillates and dispersing tablets. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As most of the drugs referred under this heading are hot in nature and few may cause warmth in the body. So they should be prescribed with caution in pregnant, children and in old aged people; also in Pitta prakriti individuals.

SHONITASTHAPANA GANA 

शोणीतस्थापन-

-मधुमधुकरुधिरमोचरसमृत्कपाललोध्रगैरिकप्रियङ्गुशर्करालाजा इति दशेमानि शोणितस्थापनानि भवन्ति !

* रक्तातिसारे रक्तार्शसी रक्तप्रदरे रक्तपित्ते शस्त्रपदे रक्तातीप्रवृत्तौ शोणीतस्थापनानां उपयोग:!

1

DETAILS

In Ayurveda, Shonita means blood. Blood being one among the seven tissues, has its significant role in regulating the function of vital organs and to give life to the individuals. Without proper amount of blood and regular functions of blood the body cannot remain healthy.

So whenever bleeding is found measures are to be taken immediately so as to arrest the bleeding. The drugs possessing this quality are called Steptic (Rakta skandhana drugs).

In addition the herbs referred here have Raktavardhana (hemetenic) and Raktaprasadana (blood function

and structure maintenance and regulation) action also.

So in total ‘Shonitasthapana’ group of herbs altogether contribute qualitative and quantitative

regulation or normalization functions. 

2

SHONITASTHAPANA GANA 

1. Madhu – Honey

Energizer, hemetenic, scraping, eye tonic, tissue replenisher, pro active or universal vehicle etc.

2. Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra – Root

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

3. Rudhira (Crocus sativa Linn.) – Gall

Haemetenic, steptic, coolant, adaptogenic etc.

4. Mocharasa (Salmalia malabarica Schott & Endl.) – Resin/ exudate

Restorative, energizer, steptic, anti diarrhoeal, absorptive etc.

5. Mritkapala – Earthen pot pieces

Haemetenic, steptic, absorptive etc.

6. Lodhra (Symplocos racemosa) – Stem bark

Absorptive, uterine tonic, steptic, restorative etc.

7. Gairika (Ferrum haematite) – Red ochre

Haemetenic, anti tussive, energizer, tonic etc.

8. Priyangu (Callicara macrophylla) – Seeds

Restorative, stimulant, energizer, wormicide etc.

9. Khanda Sharkara – Organic sugar candy

Tonic, instant replenisher, steptic, rejuvinative etc.

1

0. Laja – fried paddy/ parched rice

Energizer, anti emetic, antacid, diuretic, anti flatulent, digestive etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs referred under the heading of Shonitasthapana are astringent or sweet in taste and they are cold in potency. Majority of the drugs are mild – cold – heavy – slimy and unctuous in nature. They are sweet in metabolic change (Madhura vipaka). These act as coolants, steptic, antacid, anti emetic, tissue replenisher and rejuvinative in action.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Shonitasthapana drugs are effective in acute and chronic bleeding disorders, menorrthagia, haemorroids, haemoptisis etc. In addition they are beneficial in lethargy, fatigue, syncope, anemia, neuritis, numbness, recurrent abortion etc also.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Lodhrasava,

Pachottyadi kashaya,

Sootashekhara rasa,

Laghusootashekhara rasa,

Laja manda,

Priyangwasava,

Gairikadi lepa,

Yashtyadi choorna,

Pushyanuga choorna etc are the important formulations containing the drugs referred in Shonitasthapana gana drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Shuddha gairika can be used as such in the above said conditions like anemia, menstrual irregularities, blood borne disorders etc.

Yashtimadhu – Lodhra – Mocharasa etc can be made into fine powder or tablet and can be practiced routinely for haemorroids, menorrhagia, menstrual irregularities etc.

Formulation development opportunities

Blood being the life of every individual its qualitative and quantitative maintenance is important in every respect both in ill health as well as healthy individuals. So if the suitable formulations like tablets – syrups – linctus or capsules are prepared the need of the time can be fulfilled. Also there is scope for the design of cost effective, safe and efficacious herbal supplements usable in anemia, bleeding disorders and blood borne disorders can be handled quite confidently by such recipes. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The formulations containing the above ingredients should be used with utmost caution in the patients with lesser clotting time.

VEDANASTHAPANA GANA  

वेदनास्थापन-

-शालकट्फलकदम्बपद्मकतुम्बमोचरसशिरीषवञ्जुलैलवालुकाशोका इति दशेमानि वेदनास्थापनानि भवन्ति !

वेदना निहंत्य शरीरं प्रकृतौ स्थापयती तत वेदनास्थापनम !

1

DETAILS

Pain is the most irritating and troublesome agony which hurts us a lot. Also the pain may be manifested in any parts of the body. So we seek medicines which are helpful to relieve the pain.

Few of the medicaments give us enough strength to bear the pain also. Both are together known as Vedanasthapana drugs.

Usually they are of utmost use in the conditions of joint pain and muscular pains. Other words the drugs used for the purpose of Vedanasthapana are having the ability to reduce the swelling, pain as well as infections too.

Characters and actions of each drug of this group will explore the rationality behind

the drug action and utility 

2

VEDANASTHAPANA GANA 

1. Shala (ShorearobustaGaertn. f. ) – Stem bark or Resin

Absorbant, steptic, clearant of circulatory system, analgesic etc.

2. Katphala – Myricanagi – Stem bark

Decongestant, anti asthmatic, anti tussive, expectorant etc.

3. Kadamba (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich. ) – Stem bark

Anti rheumatic, analgesic, anti inflammatory etc

4. Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides – Stem bark or Heart wood

Anti hyperglycemic, blood purifier, scraping, cholegogue, anti inflammatory, uterine tonic etc.

5. Tumbaru (ZanthoxylumalatumRoxb.) – Stem bark or Thorns

Anti inflammatory, anti arthritic, analgesic, decongestant etc.

6. Mocharasa (Salmaliamalabarica Schott and Endl. ) – Resin

Absorbant, anti diarrhoeal, steptic, restorative etc.

7. Shirisha (AlbizzilebbeckBenth.) – Stem bark

Blood purifier, anti poisonous, immune modulator, broncho dilator etc.

8. Vanjula/Vetasa (Salix caprea Linn.) – Stem bark

Anti inflammatory, wound healing, fracture healing etc.

9. Elavaluka (Prunusavium Linn.) – Stem bark

Blood purifier, scraping, anti inflammatory, anti arthritic etc.

10. Ashoka (Saracaindica Linn.) – Stem bark

Steptic, uterine tonic, hemetenic, astringent tonic, absorbant etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Qualities in general and actions of Vedanasthapanagana drugs:

The drugs referred under this group are bitter or astringent inn taste followed with pungent taste in few of the drugs. Most drugs are hot in potency and pungent in metabolic change. They are stable – heavy – hot – unctuous in quality 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These herbs act as analgesic, anti inflammatory, anti spasmodic, steptic and astringent tonics.

Therapeutic uses of Vedanasthapanagana drugs:

The formulations possessing these ingredients are effective in acute and chronic painful conditions of the joint and muscles, degenerative joint disorders, chronic fever, diarrhea, obesity, mal absorption syndromes etc. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Padmakadikashaya,

Ashokarishtha,

Vetasadikashya,

Shireeshadikashaya,

Shireesharishthaetc are the important formulations possessing the ingredients of Vedanasthapanagana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder or paste of Tumbaru (ZanthoxylumalatumRoxb. ) is effective in tooth ache. In head ache its fine paste is applied over the forehead. Hot infusion of Padmaka is beneficial obesity and hyper cholesterol conditions.

Formulation development opportunities

As the drugs referred here are effective in pain and inflammatory conditions the ingredients can be used directly or their aqueous extracts can be used to prepare the liniments as well as analgesic ointments. Good hope is found while designing the analgesic medicated oils also. In rheumatoid arthritis cases their paste can be made and applied by making into warm.

While using herbo mineral preparations few of the ingredients can be added and their capsules may be found very effective in arthritis cases as well as neuromuscular health issues. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

In fact the above drugs are not having any specific disadvantages or contra indications. However those who are having the allergic manifestation to any of its ingredients should be careful while taking the formulations referred over here.

SANJNASTHAPANA GANA 

सद्न्यास्थापन-

-हिङ्गुकैटर्यारिमेदावचाचोरकवयस्थागोलोमीजटिलापलङ्कषाशोकरोहिण्य इति दशेमानि सञ्ज्ञास्थापनानि भवन्ति !

उन्माद अपस्मार मुर्च्छादि मनोरोगेषू सद्न्यास्थापनानां उपयोग!

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DETAILS

A day with loss of memory itself appears horrible. Then, how can assume the moment without consciousness? Ayurvedic texts specify the deranged conditions of consciousness which is leading to various diseases like Unmada (mania), Apasmara (Epilepsy), Atatwabhinivesha (schizophrenia) etc.

Even though the exact co relation is not possible they can be recognized by the nearer terms. However it is very clear that in most of these health complaints the consciousness is deranged significantly. Hence in all such psychological disturbances there is a need of the drugs which help in restoration of the consciousness.

Sanjnasthapana drugs are work effectively in this respect. They are having their direct effect over

the mind followed by indirect effect over the neuro – muscular system as well.

As they are deep penetrative and severe in action they impart drug action instantly.

Hence these drugs are having much validity in ascertaining the drug action while

treating several such psychological as well as psycho somatic disorders 

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SANJNASTHAPANA GANA 

1. Hingu – Asafoetida narthex – Resin/ Exudates

Deep penetrative, stimulant, appetizer, carminative, digestive, deciongestant, anti flatulent etc.

2. Kaitarya – Myrica nagi – Stem bark or Leaves

Carminative, digestive, appetizer, decongestant, detoxifier, soothing etc.

3. Arimeda (Acacia farnesiana Willd. ) – Stem bark or Heart wood

Blood purifier, detoxifier, wound healing, anti tussive etc.

4. Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn. ) – Rhizome

Stimulant, restorative, decongestant, anti spasmodic, memory enhancing etc.

5. Choraka (Angelica glauca) – Whole plant

Anti flatulent, stimulant, antipyretic, bitter tonic etc.

6. Vayastha – Brahmi (Bocopa monnieri Pennel.) – Whole plant

Memory enhancer, soothing, anxiolytic, diuretic, restorative etc.

7. Golomi (a variety of Acorus calamus Linn.) – Rhizome

Memory enhancing, stimulant, restorative, decongestant, etc.

8. Jatila (Nardostachys jatamansi DC.) – Roots

Anxiolytic, sedative, soothing, memory enhancive, hair tonic etc.

9. Palankasha (Commiphora mukul Engl.) – Resin

Conscious restorative, anti inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing,

anti microbial, scraping, anti lipidemic etc.

10. Ashokarohini (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.) – Roots

Cholegogue, laxative, bitter tonic, scraping, anti lipidemic etc. 

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QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These ingredients are hot in potency and are penetrative – hot – minute – light – motile in quality. Major number of the ingredients is pungent while undergoing metabolic change (Katu vipaka). They act as carminative, digestive, stimulant, conscious restorative, scraping, anti hyperglycemic and alertness imparting agents.

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THERAPEUTIC USES

They are useful in irregular sleep or sleep disturbances, concentration deficiency disorders, memory disorders, loss of conscious or attention like epilepsy – mania – schizophrenia etc.

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AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Hingwadi vati,

Hingutriguna taila,

Arimedadi kashaya,

Hinguvachadi taila,

Hinguvachadi kashaya,

Guggulupanchapala choorna etc are the important formulations containing the ingredients referred under the heading of Sanjnasthapana gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Fine powder of Vacha or Katphala is used as stimulant of the mind. In such cases its fine powder is administered in the dose of 500 mg – 1 g along with ghee or honey.

Guggulu as well as Vacha are used as fumigating agents in few of the idiopathic psychological disorders.

Formulation development opportunities

As Restoring consciousness is important therapeutic entity needed in psycho somatic disorders and less known drugs are existing from modern perspective which too are known for their side effects much is expected and eagerly waiting for such molecules from safe and effective sectors like Ayurvedic therapeutics. So if effective formulations are derived from above said ingredients much awaited herbal formulations will fulfill the need of such patients. In this respect the formulations can be designed in the form of capsules, syrups and concentrated herbal extracts. 

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DISADVANTAGES

The drugs referred under this Gana are hot – penetrative – severe – minute and strong in nature. So they should be prescribed with utmost caution or else it may cause Paittic problems like head ache, mouth ulcer, gastric irritation, bleeding disorders, constipation, haemorroids, loss of sleep etc.

PRAJASTHAPANA GANA 

प्रजास्थापन -

-ऐन्द्रीब्राह्मीशतवीर्यासहस्रवीर्याऽमोघाऽव्यथाशिवाऽरिष्टावाट्यपुष्पीविष्वक्सेनकान्ता इति दशेमानि प्रजास्थापनानि भवन्ति !

यत गर्भोपघातकं दोषं हत्वा प्रजां स्थापयती तत प्रजास्थापन!

पुन्सवन-प्रजास्थापन

Before transplant..

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DETAILS

Procreation is the important process in human life. It is the dream of every individual to get the healthy and intellectual baby. Even though modern science is not having any strong belief in this regard, Ayurveda and psychology of ancient Indian scholars has very strong view that it is possible to get the desired offspring by the rituals as well as few medicinal practices one can get the desired kind of healthy child.

In this per view the drugs referred under the heading of Prajasthapana gana have the significance to contribute desired nature of the child if the parents adopt the practice of such herbs in their routine practice once after the purification of the body as well as by taking the proper rejuvinatory (Rasayana oushadha) and

aphrodisiac (Vajikara bheshaja) medicines as per the need. 

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PRAJASTHAPANA GANA 

1. Aindri – Colocynth – Citrullus colocynthis – Seeds or Roots

Cholegogue, liver stimulant, laxative, hair tonic, restorative etc.

2. Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri Pennel.) – Whole plant

Coolant, memory enhancer, hair tonic, bitter tonic, cholegogue, diuretic, blood purifier etc.

3. Shatavirya (Cynodon dactylon Pers.) – Whole plant

Diuretic, nourishing, antacid, aphrodisiac, wound healing etc.