MAHAKASAYA

Five basic dosage forms of Ayurveda are –

1. Swarasa – juice extract of an herb. – Juice extracted from a drug pressed by a machine is known as Svarasa;

2. Kalka – paste or bolus prepared with an herb – when a fresh herb is converted into paste form, with the juice intact, in a spherical shape, it is called as Kalka.

3. Shruta – Kashayam or herbal decoction of herb – Medicine prepared by boiling a drug on fire is called Shruta (Kashaya)

4. Sheeta – cold infusion – cold infusion prepared by putting the coarsely ground drug in boiled water and stored over night is known as Sheeta;

5. Phanta – hot infusion – When a medicine is prepared by putting the drug in boiled water and then squeezed, the filtrate out of it is known as Phanta.

Among these five, Phanta is most light to digest and has least strength and Swarasa is hardest to digest and is the strongest.

These preparations should be prescribed with due regard to the strength of the patient and seriousness of the disease. All these preparations are not equally useful in all cases. 

B

50 main decoctions

PanchashatMahakashaya – 50 main decoctions / group of herbs –

Now we shall expound the 50 important varieties of decoctions mentioned before.

First six are –

1. Jeevaneeya – Enlivening, Invigorating

2. Bruhmaneeya – Nourishing, increasing weight

3. Lekhaneeya – Scraping, decreasing weight

4. Bhedaneeya – Cathartic, Piercing deep 

5. Sandhaneeya – wound healing and bone healing 

6. Deepaneeya – improving digestion strength

Next four are –

7. Balya – improving strength 

8. Varnya – improving skin complexion 

9. Kanthya – improving quality of voice 

10. Hrudya – improving heart strength 

Next six are –

11. Truptighna – relieving pseudo-satiation 

12. Arshoghna – curing piles 

13. Kushtaghna – relieving skin diseases 

14. Kandughna – relieving itching sensation 

15. Krimighna – relieving worm infestation 

16. Vishaghna – anti toxic 

Next four are –

17. Stanyajanana – improving breast milk

18. Stanyashodhana – cleansing and detoxifying breast milk 

19. Shukrajanana -improving quality of semen and ovum 

20. Shukrashodhana – cleansing and detoxifying semen and ovum 

Next seven are –

21. Snehopaga – adjuvants of Snehana (oleation treatment) 

22. Svedopaga -adjuvants of Swedana (sweating treatment) 

23. Vamanopaga – adjuvant to Vamana (vomiting therapy) 

24. Virechanopaga – adjuvant to Virechana (purgation therapy) 

25. Asthapanopaga – adjuvant to Kashaya Basti – decoction enema 

26. Anuvasanopaga – adjuvant to Snehabasti – oil enema 

27. Shirovirechanopaga – adjuvants useful in Nasya treatment 

Next three are –

28. Chardi Nigrahana – relieving vomiting 

29. Trushna Nigrahana – relieving thirst 

30. Hikka Nigrahana – relieving hiccups 

Next five are –

31. Purisha Sangrahaneeya – bowel binders, which helps to improve the bulk of stools  

32. Purisha Virajaneeya – which helps to bring back proper colour of stools 

33. Mutra Sangrahaneeya – which helps to restore normal quantity of urine 

34. Mutra Virajaneeya -which helps to restore proper colour of urine 

35. Mutra Virechaneeya – which helps to cleanse urine (and bladder) 

Next 5 are –

36. Kasahara – relieving cough, cold 

37. Shwasahara – relieving asthma, difficulty in breathing 

38. Shothahara – relieving inflammation 

39. Jwarahara – relieving fever 

40. Shramahara – relieving tiredness 

Next 5 are –

41. Daha Prashamana – relieving burning sensation 

42. Sheeta Prashamana – relieving cold sensation 

43. Udarda Prashamana – relieving allergic skin rashes 

44. Angamarda Prashamana – relieving body pain 

45. Shula Prashamana – relieving abdominal colic pain 

Next 5 are –

46. Shonitasthapana – stopping bleeding, restoring proper quantity of blood 

47. Vedanasthapana – relieving pain 

48. Sanjnasthapana – restoring consciousness 

49. Prajasthapana – procreative, useful in begetting child 

50. VayahaSthapana -rejuvenating, anti ageing. 

1

JEEVANEEYA GANA

1. JEEVANEEYAGANA – ENLIVENING, ANTI AGEING GROUP OF HERBS

Jeevaka – Malaxisacuminata

Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium

Mahameda – Polygonatumverticillatum

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei

Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum

Mudgaparni – Phaseolustrilobus,

Mashaparni – Teramnuslabialis,

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra 

2

BRUHMANEEYA GANA

2. BRUHMANEEYA GANA –

NOURISHING, INCREASING WEIGHT

Ksheerini – MimosopshexandraRoxb.)

Rajakshavaka – Euphorbia microphylla,

Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng (root) – Withaniasomnifera,

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Ksheerakakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum,

Vatyayani – Country mallow (root) – Sidacordifolia,

Bhadraudani (Sidacordifolia Linn.),

Bharadvaji – Thespesia lampas,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata and

Rushyagandha (?) 

3

LEKHANEEYA GANA

3. LEKHANEEYA GANA – SCRAPING, DECREASING WEIGHT

Musta (Cyperusrotundus Linn.),

Kushta – Saussurealappa,

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata,

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.),

Katurohini – Picrorhizakurroa,

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia and

Haimavati – Iris versicolor 

4

BHEDANEEYA GANA

4. BHEDANEEYA – CATHARTICS, PIERCING DEEP 

Suvaha (Operculinaturpethum R.B.),

Arka – Calotropis gigantean,

Urubuka – Castor – Ricinuscommunis

Agnimukhi – Gloriosasuperba,

Chitra – Baliospermummontanum,

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia,

Shankini – Canscoradecussata,

Shakuladani – Picrorhizakurroa and

Svarnaksheerini – Argemonemexicana Linn 

5

SANDHANEEYA GANA

5. SANDHANEEYA – WOUND HEALING AND BONE HEALING

Madhuka – Licorice (Glycyrrhizaglabra Linn.),

Madhuparni – Indian tinospora (stem) – Tinosporacordifolia,

Prishnaparni – Urariapicta,

Ambasthaki (Cissampelospareria Linn.),

Samanga – Rubiacordifolia,

Mocharasa (Salmaniamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Dhataki – Woodfordiafruticosa,

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Priyangu (Callicaramacrophylla) and

Katphala – Myricanagi 

6

DEEPANEEYA GANA

6. DEEPANEEYA – IMPROVING DIGESTION STRENGTH 

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Pippalimoola – Long pepper root – Piper longum,

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.,

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Ajamoda – Celery fruit – Trachyspermumroxburghianum,

stone of Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.) and

HinguNiryasa – Asafoetida 

7

BALYA GANA

7. BALYAGANA – IMPROVING STRENGTH

Aindri (CitrulluscolocynthisSchrad.),

Rishabhi – Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Atirasa – Asparagus root – Asparagus racemosus,

Rishyaprokta – Teramnuslabialis,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng (root) – Withaniasomnifera,

Sthira – Desmodiumgangeticum,

Katukarohini – Picrorhizakurroa,

Bala – Country mallow (root) – Sidacordifolia, and

Atibala – Abutilon indicum 

8

VARNYA GANA

8. VARNYAGANA – IMPROVING SKIN COMPLEXION 

Chandana (Santalum album Linn.),

Tunga (Calophylluminophyllum),

Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides,

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Sita – white variety of Cynodondactylon and

Lata – black variety of Cynodondactylon Pers. 

9

KANTHYA GANA

9. KANTHYAGANA – IMPROVING QUALITY OF VOICE

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Iksumula – Sugarcane root – Saccharumofficinarum,

Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Puerariatuberosa),

Kaitarya – Myricanagi,

Hamsapadi – Adiantumlunulatum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum and

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum – these ten drugs are useful for the throat. 

10

HRUDYA GANA

10. HRUDYA – IMPROVING HEART STRENGTH 

Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Amrataka – Spondiaspinnata,

Lakucha – Artocarpuslakoocha,

Karamarda – Carissa carandes,

Urksamla (Tamarindusindica Linn.),

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.,

Kuvala – Zizyphussativa,

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum, and

Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon 

11

TRUPTIGNA GANA

11. TRUPTIGHNAGANA- RELIEVING PSEUDO-SATIATION 

Nagara – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Vidanga (EmbeliaribesBurm f.),

Murva (Marsdeniatenacissima (Roxb.) / Clematis trilobaHeyne ex Roth.),

Guduci (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit and

Patola – Pointed gourd (Trichosanthescucumerina Linn.) 

12

ARSHOGNA GANA

12. ARSHOGHNA GANA- CURING PILES 

Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Nagara (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Dhanvayasaka (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata,

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.), and

Chavya (Pipperchaba Hunter.) 

13

KUSHTAGNA GANA

13. KUSHTAGHNA GANA – RELIEVING SKIN DISEASES

Khadira (Acacia catechu Willd.),

Abhaya – Haritaki – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka – Amla – (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Arushkara (Semecarpusanacardium Linn. f.),

Saptaparna (Alstoniascholaris R, Br.),

Aragvadha (Cassia fistula),

Karavira (Neriumindicum Mill.),

Vidanga (Embeliaribes Brum. f.) and

Jatipravala (tender shoots of Jasminumofficinale Linn. var. grandiflorum Bailey.) 

14

KANDUGNA GANA

14. KANDUGHNA GANA – RELIEVING ITCHING SENSATION

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Nalada (Nardostachysjatamamsi DC.),

Krtamala (Cassia fistula Linn.),

Naktamala – Karanja (PongamiapinnataMerr.),

Nimba – Neem (Azadirachtaindica),

Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Sarshapa – Mustard – (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata and

Musta (Cyperusrotundus) 

15

KRIMIGHNA GANA

15. KRIMIGHNA GANA – RELIEVING WORM INFESTATION

Aksheeva (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – piper nigrum,

Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.),

Kebuka – Costusspeciosus

Vidanga – False Black Pepper (EmbeliaribesBurm. f.),

Nirgundi (Vitexnegundo),

Kinihi (Achyranthesaspera Linn.),

Shwadamstra Gokshura – (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Vrsaparnika (a variety of Ipomoea reniformisChois) and

Akhuparnika (Ipomoea reniformisChois) 

16

VISHAGHNA GANA

16. VISHAGHNA GANA – ANTI TOXIC 

Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa),

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Suvaha– Operculinaturpethum,

Sukshma Ela – Cardamom (ElettariacardamomumMaton.),

Palindi – Ichnocarpusfrutescens (Linn.) R.Br. / Operculinaturpethum

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Kathaka (Strychnospotatorium Linn. f.),

Shirisha (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Sindhuvara (Vitexnegundo) and

Shleshmataka (CordiadichotamaForst. f.) 

17

STANYAJANANA GANA

17. STANYAJANANA – IMPROVING BREAST MILK

Virana (Vetiveriazizanioides Nash.),

Shali – Rice (Oryzasativa Linn.),

Shastika (a variety of rice – Oryzasativa Linn.),

Ikhsuvalika (AsteracanthalongifoliaNees),

Darbha (Desmostachyabipinnata Staff.),

Kusha (Desmostachyabipinnata),

Kasha (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Gundra (Saccharumsara),

Itkata – Sesbaniabispinosa and

Katruna (CymbopogonschoenanthusSpreng.) 

18

STANYASHODHANA GANA

18. STANYASHODHANA – CLEANSING AND DETOXIFYING BREAST MILK 

Patha (Cissampelospareira Linn.),

Mahausadha – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Suradaru (Cedrusdeodara),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Murva (Clematis trilobaHeyne ex Roth.),

Guduchi (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Fruit of Vatsaka – Kutaja (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Kiratatikta (SwertiachirataBuch-Ham.),

Katurohini – Picrorhizakurroa and

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus 

19

SHUKRAJANANA GANA

19. SHUKRAJANANA -IMPROVING QUALITY OF SEMEN AND OVUM

Jeevaka – Malaxisacuminata

Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei

Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum

Mudgaparni (Phaseolustrilobus Ait.),

Mashaparni – Teramnuslabialis,

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium,

Vriddharuha (Asparagus racemosusWilld.),

Jatila (Nardostachysjatamamsi D C.) and

Kulinga – Rhusacuminata 

20

SHUKRASHODHANA GANA 

20. SHUKRASHODHANA – CLEANSING AND DETOXIFYING SEMEN AND OVUM

Kustha (Saussurealappa C. B. Clarke.),

Elavaluka (Brunuscerasus Linn.),

Katphala – Myricanagi,

Samudraphena (Internal-cell of Sepia officinalis.),

Gum of Kadamba (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum Linn.),

Kandeksu (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Ikhsuraka (AsteracanthalongifoliaNees.),

Vasuka (Indigoferaenneaphylla Linn.) and

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides 

21

SNEHOPAGA GANA

21. SNEHOPAGA – ADJUVANTS OF SNEHANA (OLEATION TREATMENT)

Mrudvika (Vitisvinifera Linn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Madhuparni – Indian tinospora (stem) – Tinosporacordifolia,

Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium,

Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Puerariatuberosa),

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Ksheerakakoli – Liliumpolyphyllum,

Jivaka – Malaxisacuminata,

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Shalaparni – Desmodiumgangeticum D C. 

22

SVEDOPAGA GANA 

22. SVEDOPAGA -ADJUVANTS OF SWEDANA (SWEATING TREATMENT)

Shobhanjanaka – Moringa seed (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Erandaka – Castor (Ricinuscommunis Linn.),

Arka – Calotropisgigantica,

Vrischira (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare),

Tila – Sesame (Sesamumindicum),

Kulattha (Dolichosbiflorus Linn.),

Masha (Phaseolusmungo L.) and

Badara – Zizyphusjujuba 

23

VAMANOPAGA GANA

23. VAMANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO VAMANA (VOMITING THERAPY)

Madhu (honey),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Kovidara (red variety of Bauhinia variegata Linn.),

Karbudara (white variety of Bauhinavariegata Linn.),

Neepa (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Vidula (BarringtoniaacutangulaGaertn.),

Bimbi (Cocciniaindica W. & A.),

Shanapushpi (Crotalaria verrucosa Linn.),

Sadapushpa (Calotropisgigantea R. Br. Ait.) and

Pratyakpushpa (Archyranthesaspera Linn.) 

24

VIRECHANOPAGA GANA Try it now!

24. VIRECHANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO VIRECHANA (PURGATION THERAPY)

Draksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Abhaya – Haritaki – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Bibhitaka (Terminalia bellericaRoxb.),

Kuvala – Zizyphussativa,

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Karkandhu (Zizyphusnummularia W. & A.) and

Pilu (Salvadorapersica Linn.) 

25

ASTHAPANOPAGA GANA

25. ASTHAPANOPAGA – ADJUVANT TO KASHAYA BASTI – DECOCTION ENEMA

Trivrt (Operculinaturpethum R. B.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Kushta – Saussurealappa,

Sarshapa (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Fruit of Vatsaka (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.),

Shatapushpa (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra and

fruits of Madanaphala (Randiadumetorum Lam.) 

26

ANUVASANOPAGA GANA 

26. ANUVASANOPAGA -ADJUVANT TO SNEHABASTI – OIL ENEMA

Rasna (Pluchealanceolata Oliver &Hiern.),

Suradaru (Cedrusdeodara),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Madana (Randiadumetorum Lam.),

Shatapushpa (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.),

Vruscheera (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Shvadamstra (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicum Vent.) 

27

SHIRO VIRECHANOPAGA GANA

27. SHIRO VIRECHANO PAGA – GROUP OF HERBS USEFUL IN NASYA TREATMENT (NASAL DROPS)

Jyotishmati (CelastruspaniculatusWilld.),

Kshavaka (Centipeda minima A. Br. Et. Aschers.),

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Vidanga – False Black Pepper (EmbeliaribesBurm. f.),

Shigru – Moringa leaves (Moringaoleifera Lam.),

Sarshapa (Brassica nigra Koch.),

Seed of Apamarga (Achyranthesaspera Linn.),

Shveta (white variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.) and

Mahashveta (a variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.) 

28

CHARDI NIGRAHANA GANA

28. CHARDI NIGRAHANA – ANTI EMETIC – RELIEVING VOMITING

Jambu – Jamun (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels.),

Tender leaves of Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon,

Badara – Zizyphusjujuba of sour variety,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum,

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare),

Yashtika (Glycyrrhizaglabra Linn.),

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Mrit (earth) and

Laja (fried paddy) 

29

TRUSHNA NIGRAHANA GANA

29. TRUSHNANIGRAHANA – RELIEVING THIRST

Nagara – Ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.),

Dhanvayasaka (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Musta (Cyperusrotundus),

Parpataka (Fumariaparviflora Lam.),

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Kiratatikta (SwertiachirataBuch. – Ham.),

Guduchi (TinosporacordifoliaMiers.),

Hrivera (PavoniaodorataWilld.),

Dhanyaka (Coriandrumsativum Linn.) and

Patola (Trichosanthescucumerina Linn.) 

30

HIKKA NIGRAHANA GANA 

30. HIKKANIGRAHANAGANA – HERBS RELIEVING HICCUPS

Shati (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex Smith.),

Pushkaramula (Inularacemosa Hook. f.),

Stone of Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Vruksharuha (Dendrophthoefalcata Linn. f.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Duralabha (Fagoniacretica Linn.) and

Kulirashrungi (Rhussuccedenea Linn.) 

31

PUREESHA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA

31. PUREESHA SANGRAHANEEYA – BOWEL BINDERS, WHICH HELPS TO IMPROVE THE BULK OF STOOLS

Priyangu (Callicarpamacrophylla),

Ananta (Hemidesmusindicus R. B.),

Seed of Amra – Mango seed – Mangiferaindica,

Katvanga (Oroxylumindicum Vent.),

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Mocharasa (Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Samanga – Rubiacordifolia,

flower of Dhataki – Woodfordiafruticosa,

Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera) and

Filaments of Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera) 

32

PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA GANA

32. PUREESHA VIRAJANEEYA –

WHICH HELPS TO BRING BACK PROPER COLOUR OF STOOLS

Jambu (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels.),

Bark of Shallaki (BoswelliaserrataRoxb.),

Kacchura – Curcuma zeodaria,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Shalmali (Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Shriveshtaka (extract of Pinusroxburghii Sargent.),

fried earth (mud) – purified red ochre

Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata,

Utpala (Nymphaea alba) and

grains of Tila – Sesame seeds (Sesamumindicum) 

33

MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA GANA

33. MUTRA SANGRAHANEEYA –

WHICH HELPS TO RESTORE NORMAL QUANTITY

OF URINE – ANTI-DIURETICS

Jambu (SyzygiumcuminiSkeels),

Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica,

Plaksha (FicuslacorBuch-Ham.),

Vata (Ficusbenghalensis Linn.),

Kapeetana (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Udumbara (Ficusracemosa Linn.)

Ashvattha (Ficusreligiosa Linn.),

Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.),

Ashmantaka (Ficusrumphii) and

Somavalka (Acacia catechu Willd.), 

34

MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA GANA

34. MUTRA VIRAJANEEYA -WHICH HELPS TO RESTORE PROPER COLOUR OF URINE

Padma – Lotus (Nelumbonucifera),

Utpala (Nymphaea alba),

Nalina (a variety of NelumbonuciferaGaertn.),

Kumuda (Nymphaea alba Linn.),

Saugandhika (?),

Pundarika (red variety of Nymphaea lotus Linn.),

Shatapatra (a variety of NelumbonuciferaGaertn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Priyangu (Callicaramacrophylla) and

flowers of Dhataki (WoodfordiafruticosaKurz.) 

35

MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA GANA

35. MUTRA VIRECHANEEYA – WHICH HELPS TO CLEANSE URINE (AND BLADDER)

Vrukshadani (Dendrophthoefalcata Linn. f.),

Shvadamstra (Tribulusterrestris Linn.),

Vasuka (Indigoferaenneaphylla Linn.),

Vasira (GynandropsisgynandraBriquet),

Pashanabheda (Bergenialigulata Engl.),

Darbha (a variety of Desmostachyabipinnata Staff.),

Kusha (Desmostachyabipinnata)

Kasa (Saccharumspontaneum Linn.),

Gundra (Saccharum Sara), and

root of Itkata – Sesbaniabispinosa 

36

KASAHARA GANA

36. KASAHARA – RELIEVING COUGH, COLD

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Duralabha (Fagoniacretica Linn.),

Shrungi (Rhus succedanea Linn.),

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Vrushchira (white variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.),

Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.) and

Tamalaki (Phyllanthusniruri Linn.) 

37

SHWASAHARA GANA

37. SHWASAHARA – RELIEVING ASTHMA, DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING

Shati (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex Smith.),

Puskaramula (Inularacemosa Hook. f.),

Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculataRoxb. / Rheum emodi Wall. ,

Ela (ElettariacardamomumMaton),

Hingu – Asafoetida,

Aguru (AcquilariaagallochaRoxb.),

Surasa – Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.),

Tamalaki (Phyllanthusniruri Linn.),

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata and

Chanda (?) 

38

SHOTHAHARA GANA

38. SHOTHAHARA – RELIEVING INFLAMMATION

Patala (Stereospermumsuaveolens DC.),

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicum Vent.),

Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr.),

Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.).,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Shalaparni (Desmodiumgangeticum DC.),

Prishnaparni – Urariapicta and

Goksuraka (Tribulusterrestris Linn.) 

39

JWARAHARA GANA

39. JWARAHARA – RELIEVING FEVER

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Sharkara – sugar,

Patha (Cissampelospareria Linn.),

Manjistha (Rubiacordifolia Linn.),

Draksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Pilu (Salvadorapersica Linn.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Amalaka (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.) and

Vibhitaka (Terminalia belliricaRoxb.), 

40

SHRAMAHARA GANA

40. SHRAMAHARA – RELIEVING TIREDNESS

Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera,

Kharjura – Dates – (Phoenix sylvestrisRoxb.),

Priyala (Buchananialanzan),

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Dadima – Pomegranate – Punicagranatum,

Phalgu (Ficushispida Linn. f.),

Parushaka (Grewiaasiatica Linn.),

Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum Linn.),

Yava – Barley (Hordeumvulgare) and

Shashtika ( a variety of rice – OryzaSativa Linn.), 

41

DAHA PRASHAMANA GANA 

41. DAHA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING BURNING SENSATION

Laja (fried paddy),

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

fruit of Kashmarya (Gmelinaarborea Linn.),

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Sharkara – Sugar,

Nilotpala (Nymphaea stellataWilld.),

Usheera – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus,

Guduchi (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.) and

Hribera (PavoniaodorataWilld.) 

42

SHEETA PRASHAMANA GANA

42. SHEETA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING COLD SENSATION

Tagara (Valerianawallichi DC.),

Aguru (AquilariaagallochaRoxb.),

Dhanyaka (Coriandrumsativum Linn.),

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Bhutika (Trachysperumammi Sprague.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Kantakari – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Agnimantha (Clerodendrumphlomidis Linn. f.),

Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicus Vent.) and

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum 

43

UDARDA PRASHAMANA GANA

43. UDARDA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING ALLERGIC SKIN RASHES

Tinduka (DiospyrosperegrinaGurke.),

Priyala (Buchananialanzan),

Badara – Zizyphus jujube,

Khadira (Acacia catechu),

Kadara (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.)

Saptaparna (Alstoniascholaris R. Br.),

Ashvakarna (DipterocarpusalatusRoxb.),

Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna),

Asana (Terminalia tomentosa W. & A.) and

Arimeda (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.) 

44

ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA GANA

44. ANGAMARDA PRASHAMANA – RELIEVING BODY PAIN

Vidarigandha (Desmodiumgangeticum DC.),

Prushniparni (UrariapictaDesv.),

Brihati – Solanumindicum,

Kantakarika – Solanumxanthocarpum,

Eranda (Ricinuscommunis Linn.),

Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei,

Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album,

Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides,

Ela (ElettariacardamomumMaton) and

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra 

45

SHULA PRASHAMANAGANA 

45. SHULA PRASHAMANA -RELIEVING ABDOMINAL COLIC PAIN

Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum,

Pippalimoola – root of pippali,

Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter),

Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica,

Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale,

Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum,

Ajamoda – Ajowan (fruit) – Trachyspermumroxburghianum,

Ajagandha (GynandropsisgynandraBriquet.),

Ajaji (Cuminumcyminum Linn.) and

Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.) 

46

SHONITA STHAPANA GANA

46. SHONITA STHAPANA – STOPPING BLEEDING, RESTORING PROPER QUANTITY OF BLOOD

Honey,

Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra,

Rudhika (Crocus Sativa Linn.),

Mocharasa (resin of Salmaliamalabarica Schott &Endl.),

Earthen pot pieces,

Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa),

Gairika (Ferrum haematite),

Priyangu (Callicarpamacrophylla),

sugar and

fried paddy 

47

VEDANA STHAPANA GANA

47. VEDANA STHAPANA – RELIEVING PAIN

Shala (ShorearobustaGaertn. f.),

Katphala – Myricanagi,

Kadamba (Anthocephalusindicus A. Rich.),

Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides,

Tumba (XanthoxylonalatumRoxb.),

Mocharasa (resin of Salmaliamalabarica Schott and Endl.),

Shirisha (AlbizialebbeckBenth.),

Vanjula (Salix caprea Linn.),

Elavaluka (Brunuscerasus Linn.) and

Ashoka (Saracaindica Linn.), 

48

SANJNA STHAPANA GANA

48. SANJNA STHAPANA – RESTORING CONSCIOUSNESS

Hingu – Asafoetida,

Kaitarya – Myricanagi,

Arimeda (a variety of Acacia catechu Willd.),

Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Choraka (Angelica glauca),

Vayastha – Brahmi (BacopamonnieriPennel.),

Golomi (a variety of Acoruscalamus Linn.),

Jatila (Nardostachysjatamansi DC.),

Palankasha (Commiphoramukula Engl.) and

Ashokarohini (PicrorhizakurroaRoyle ex Benth.) 

49

PRAJA STHAPANAGANA

49. PRAJA STHAPANA – PROCREATIVE, USEFUL IN BEGETTING CHILD

Aindri – Colocynth – Citrulluscolocynthis,

Brahmi (BacopamonnieriPennel.),

Shatavirya (Cynodondactylon Pers.),

Sahasravirya (a variety of Cynodondactylon Pers.),

Amogha (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Avyatha (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Shiva (Terminalia chebula Linn.),

Arishta (PicrorhizakurroaRoyle ex Benth.),

Vatyapuspi (Sidarhombifolia Linn.) and

Visvaksenakanta (CallicarpamacrophyllaVahl.) 

50

VAYAHA STHAPANA GANA

50. VAYAHA STHAPANA -REJUVENATING, ANTI AGEING.

Amruta (TinsporacordifoliaMiers.),

Abhaya – Terminalia chebula,

Dhatri (EmblicaofficinalisGaertn.),

Mukta (pearl),

Shveta (white variety of Clitoriaternatea Linn.),

Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata,

Atirasa – Asparagus root – Asparagausracemosus,

Mandukaparni (Centellaasiatica Urban),

Sthira – Desmodiumgangeticum and

Punarnava (Boerhaviadiffusa Linn.) 

JEEVANEEYA GANA

जीवनीय महाकषाय- 

-जीवकर्षभकौ मेदा महामेदा काकोली क्षीरकाकोली मुद्गपर्णीमाषपर्ण्यौ जीवन्ती मधुकमिति दशेमानि जीवनीयानि भवन्ति. 

*क्षयनिवारणार्थ,धातुसाम्यप्रस्थापनार्थ,प्राणधारणार्थ,धातुबलवर्धनार्थ

* post respiratory hospitalization, नागोदर, श्वित्र,degenerative changes,AVN

1

DETAILS

The word Jeevaneeya refers to –‘Jeevanaayahitam’ , which is in favor of the well being of the individual and which has the ability to improve the quality of the life (body and mind).

Such enlivening herbs are vilatizers and rejuvinators. They replenish the body tissues and strengthen the vital organs.

Acharya Charaka explains the Jivaneeyagana herbs as mentioned below in Sutrasthana 4th Chapter. This closely resembles with the drugs and quality of the ingredients of Kakolyadigana of Sushrutasamhita and features of Madhuravarga (sweet herbs). 

2

JEEVANEEYA GANA

1. Jeevaka– Malaxis acuminate-Root

Galactogogue, nutritive, nourishing etc

2. Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra -Root – Mind soothener,stabilizer,bulk enhancer,

nutritive, galactogogue etc.

3. Meda – Polygonatumcirrhifolium-Root

Bulk enhancer, body stabilizer, nervine tonic, tissue builder etc.

4. Mahameda – Polygonatumverticillatum-Root

Bulk enhancer,bodystabilizer,nervinetonic,tissue builder etc.

5. Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei-Root

Rejuvinative,galactogogue,soothener etc.

6. Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum-Root

Bulk enhancer, coolant, soothener, tissue replenisher etc.

7. Mudgaparni – Phaseolustrilobus -Root and whole plant

Galactogogue, diuretic, aphrodisiac etc

It is used in treating oligospermia, gout, gastritis, neuropathy, fever,

worm infestation etc. It improves body weight. 

8. Mashaparni – Teramnuslabialis -Root and whole plant

Galactogogue, diuretic, aphrodisiac etc.

It is highly nutrition rich Ayurvedic medicine, used for treating fatigue,

muscle wasting, Vata and Pitta imbalance disorders, bleeding disorders etc.

9. Jivanti – Leptadeniareticulata –Root

Eye tonic, galactogogue, coolant etc.

An Ayurvedic herb used for the treatment of fever, urinary infection,

improving the eye vision and for nourishing the body tissues.

10. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra-Root

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

Vata-Pittahara (Pacifies the aggravated / morbid Vata and Pitta).

Being heavy and unctuous and possessing Sweet taste and

post-digestion effect, which are antagonistic to Vata, 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of the drugs referred in the above said group are

sweet mixed bitter or astringent in taste,

heavy, stable, slimy and soft in quality and

rich with Prithwi and Apmahabhoota – earth and water elements

They balance Vata and Pitta Dosha and promote Kapha Doha.

Predominantly they are

Sthyanyavardhakla (galactogogue) – promote lactation

Balya (tonic),

Rasayana (rejuvinative),

Mamsavardhaka (muscle/bulk enhancers),

Kaphanissaraka (expectorant),

Vrishya (aphrodisiac),

Varnya (complexion enhancer) in action. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The formulations containing all the above ingredients or any of these ingredients are useful in post fever debility, emaciating disorders, chronic cough, nervine disorders, peripheral neuritis, geriatric health issues etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Most of the drugs or few dominant drugs of this list are available in the formulations like

Chyavanaprash,

Jeevaneeya Ashtavargakashaya,

Brahma rasayana,

Kakolyadiganakashaya etc. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application

in routine practice:

By taking the available drugs from the above list simple decoction can be made

or else medicated milk can be made. This will act as rejuvinative and relieves

dryness of the skin, cracking of the foot, fatigue, neuritis, muscular cramps,

numbness of the feet etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

Based upon the need and necessity, tablets or lehyas can be prepared out of

these drugs with suitable adjuvants, carminative and digestive drugs which are

in fact needed for judicial formulation that may be needed in variety of indications.

Oil or ghee can also be cooked so as to get the bulk enhancing effect or soothing

benefits which in turn can be used in dystrophy cases, wasting disorders,

emaciation, dry skin troubles etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

These drugs are sweet in taste and rich sources of carbohydrate as well.As they are bulk enhancers it is not advisable to take by the Diabetic patients and with those who suffer from heftiness of the body. The individuals with poor digestive capacity cannot digest this kashaya and in them it may cause indigestion, fever, diarrhea etc.

BRIMHANEEYA GANA

बृंहणीय -

-राजक्षवकाश्वगन्धाकाकोलीक्षीरकाकोलीवाट्यायनीभद्रौदनीभारद्वाजीपयस्यर्ष्यगन्धा इति दशेमानि बृंहणीयानि भवन्ति !

* मांसधातू का बृंहण,मांसधातु पोषणात शरीरपुष्टी, सायन चिकित्सा,

द्रव्यानी कफवर्धकानी,गुरुत्वात,शैत्यात,

स्निग्धत्वात,स्थूलत्वात मांससमानानी तानी प्राय: बृहनियानी भवंती !

1

DETAILS

BrimhaneeyaGana refers to nourishing and weight gaining group of herbs. Such drugs are indeed needed while treating several emaciating disorders as well as Neuro- muscular disorders.

They are helpful to gain the musculature, overcome the emaciation, to pacify the immunological disorders, chromosome or gene linked diseases, few of the inherited disorders etc.

Such drugs are unctuous, heavy, soft and stable in nature. Most of the drugs are sweet mixed bitter in taste and they undergo sweet kind of bio transformation (Vipaka) and few of them are exception for that. 

2

BRIMHANEEYA GANA 

1. Ksheerini – Mimosopshexandra

Brimhana (nourisher), Sthairyakara (stabilizer), Vajikara (aphrodisiac), Balavardhaka (energizer), Sandhaneeya (tissue metabolizer),

Ropana(healing) etc. 

2. Rajakshavaka – Euphorbia microphylla.

Balya (tonic),

Rasayana (rejuvenating),

Sthairyakara (stabilizer),

Dardhyakara (bulk enhancer) etc.

3. Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng (root) – Withaniasomnifera.

Balya (tonic), Vrishya (aphrodisiac), Rasayana (immuno-modulator),

Brimhana (nourisher),

Manobalya (soothener),

Sanjakara (anxyolytic) etc.

4. Kakoli – Fritillariaroylei– Root

Rasayana (rejuvinative),

Sthanyavardhaka (galactogogue),

Prahladakara (soothener) etc.

5. Kshira Kakoli – Roscoeapurpurea / Liliumpolyphyllum-Root

Brimhana (bulk enhancer),

Sheetala (coolant),

Manaprasadaka (soothener),

Rasayana (tissue replenisher) etc. 

6. Vatyayani – Country mallow (root) – Sidacordifolia.

Vatahara (Nervine tonic),

Balya (rejuvinative),

Shothahara (anti inflammatory),

Shoolahara (analgesic) etc.

7. Bhadraudani –Sidacordifolia Linn.-Root

Vatahara (Nervine tonic),

Balya (rejuvinative),

Shothahara (anti inflammatory),

Shoolahara(analgesic) etc.

8. Bharadvaji – Thespesia lampas.

Mamsavardhaka (bulk enhancer),

Balya (energizer),

Mutrala (diuretic),

Sthairyakara (body stabilizer) etc.

9. Payasya – Ipomoea paniculata

Sthanyavardhaka (galactogogue),

Balya(tonic),

Vrishya (aphrodisiac),

Mamsavardhaka(bulk enhancer),

Sandhaneeya(unite the joints) etc

10. Rushyagandha (?)-

Balya(energizer),

Vrishya(aphrodisiac),

Dardhyakara(stabilizer) etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The formulations containing all the above ingredients or any of these ingredients are useful in post fever debility, emaciating disorders, chronic cough, nervine disorders, peripheral neuritis, geriatric health issues etc.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The formulations containing all the above ingredients or any of these ingredients are useful in post fever debility, emaciating disorders, chronic cough, nervine disorders, peripheral neuritis, geriatric health issues etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Ajamasarasayana,

Mahamashataila – It is used in Ayurvedic treatment of Paralysis, Palsy, deafness, tinnitus etc.

Brahma Rasayana,

ChyavanaPrasha,

Samishamashataila,

Brimhanigutika,

Vrishyagutika – used for sexual disorders etc are the classical formulations

containing the herbs from this group. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application

in routine practice:

The drugs suitable for the individuals complaints are selected and simple

formulations like powder or decoction can be made and used. The drugs like

Payasya – Ipomoea paniculata can be made into fine powder or medicated milk

is made and can be administered to the breast feeding mothers where instant

nutrition and nourishment is a must. Likewise Ashwagandhaksheerapaka or

Balaksheerapakaetc can also be prepared and they find wide application like fatigue,

loss of strength, work exhaustion, sexual debility etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

As the ingredients are energizers, rejuvenators, aphrodisiacs and tonics they

can be modified into suitable formulations like lehya or tablet and can be used in

Sports medicine, for the individuals who work out the Gym, indulge in body building,

weight lifting, wrestling etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Such drugs are heavy for digestion and hence administered after proper digestive and carminative medicaments or else they are admixed with such ingredients and administered. As they are bulk enhancers in the patients who are hefty, suffering from Kaphaja disorders, who have severe indigestion etc to be avoided.

LEKHANEEYA GANA

लेखनीय -मुस्तकुष्ठहरिद्रादारुहरिद्रावचातिविषाकटुरोहिणीचित्रकचिरबिल्वहैमवत्य !

*मांसमेद कफभुयिस्ठानां धातुनां अपकर्षनम भवन्ती!

*स्थौल्य शोफ अर्बुद ग्रंथादी कफ मांस मेदोभुयिस्टेसू व्याधिषु च.

*can be used as a बाह्य (उद्वर्तन), आभ्यंतर .

*Hyperlipidemia ,PCOD,fibroid

1

DETAILS

‘Lekhana’ means that which has the ability to scrap out the excess tissues from the area where it is located. Such drugs are indeed essential to decrease the body weight.

Hence in several metabolic derangements they are necessarily useful to correct the mechanism of patho – physiology.

Classical reference: Charaka sutra 4/9 

2

LEKHANEEYA GANA 

1. Musta (Cyperusrotundus Linn.) – Rhizome

Circulation provider, absorbant, scraping, digestive and carminative.

It improves lactation, relieves fever, burning sensation, excessive thirst. Commonly known as nut grass, it is also used in treating diarrhea, dyspepsia, herpes and more. 

2. Kushta – Saussurealappa – Rhizome

Purifier of the semen/reproductive tissues, clearant, digestive, blood purifier,

fat metabolizer and wormicidal.

Indian costus root is famous Ayurvedic herb used in treating gout,

skin diseases, respiratory disorders etc.

3. Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa) – Rhizome

Epilator, complexion enhancer, lipolytic, anti hyperglycemic,

adaptogenic etc.

Turmeric is one of the very useful and famous Ayurvedic herbs.

It is used in many forms and through many routes of administration,

such as – nasal, oral, over the skin etc.

4. Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata – Roots

Skin detoxifier, eye tonic, scraping, liver stimulant, hair tonic,

anti hyperglycemic etc.

Daru Haldi is used in Ayurveda to treat eye disorders, skin disorders

with itching, diabetes, urinary tract diseases, etc. This is found in

Himalaya and Nepal region.

5. Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.) – Rhizome

Stimulant, scraping, memory enhancer, carminative, digestive,

anti spasmodic etc.

Sweet flag used in Ayurvedic medicines since the times of Chakara and

Sushruta. Improves speech, intelligence

6. Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.) – Roots

Anti helmethic, anti pyretic, diaphoretic, scraping, metabolizer, absorbant etc.

Atis is an Ayurvedic herb, especially used in diseases of children.

Charakahas declared – Of all the herbs having digestive, carminative,

absorbent and Tridosha balancing properties, Ativisha is the best.

7. Katurohini – Picrorhizakurroa – Rhizome

Purgative, liver stimulant, cholegogue, blood purifier,

anti hyperglycemic etc.

Kutki is a powerful Ayurvedic herb used in treating mainly chronic fever,

skin disorders and diabetes. It is also used in purgation (VirechanaPanchakarma)

procedure.

8. Chitraka– Leadword – Plumbagozeylanica – Roots

Digestive, carminative, abortificient, stimulant, lipolytic etc.

9. Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia –Stem bark

Blood purifier, laxative, circulation provider, vaso constrictor etc.

Indian elm is a herb mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of localized swelling, skin diseases, nausea, diabetes, indigestion, piles and acts as blood purifier. It is commonly called Chirabilva in Ayurveda.

10. Haimavati – Iris versocolor – Rhizome

Stimulant, memory enhancer, absorbant, anti helmethic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The above mentioned drugs of Lekhaneeyagana are dry – rough – light – hot – minute and motile in nature. They are bitter – pungent and astringent in taste and most of the drugs are hot in potency and undergo pungent kind of metabolic transformation (Katuvipaka). Due to these qualities they act as scraping agents in therapeutic action.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The above mentioned drugs are useful in Mamsa – Medovriddhiavikaras (diseases manifested due to the increase of muscle and adipose tissues) like malignancy, abscess, hyperthyroidism, Type II DM, obesity, worm infestation, fatty liver, few of the metabolic disorders etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Formulations like

Mustakarishtha,

Dashamoolarishtha,

Cirabilvadikashaya,

Amritarishtha,

Sudarshanachoorna,

Navayasalohaetc contain few of the ingredients of the above said group. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application

in routine practice:

As the drugs of this group have the nature to decrease the moisture and

unctuousness, by taking the drugs like Chirabilva, Haridra, Daruharidraetc

decoctions or hot infusions can be made and can be used to wash the face,

clean the wound etc. Likewise to these ingredients few of the drugs like

Katukarohini, Kushtha, Mustaetc can be added and the decoction of which has

the potency to heal the wounds and ulcers. They can be used for sitz bath etc in

the diseases like hemorrhoids, fistula etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

Kushtha – Haridra and Daruharidra can be used as complexion enhancing effect

followed with scar removing ability. They can be made into ointments which can

be useful to remove the scars, effectively manage the pimples/acne etc. For

stretch marks also this can be used if suitable base is used. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the drugs of Lekhaneeyagana are hot and sharp in nature and scraping in action, they are to be avoided in the individuals who are debilitated, in emaciating disorders, pregnancy, puerperal period, anemia, menopausal syndrome etc.If such formulations are to be administered proper medicine which has compensating effect has to be prescribed.

BHEDANEEYA GANA 

भेदनीय- -सुवहार्कोरुबुकाग्निमुखीचित्राचित्रकचिरबिल्वशङ्खिनीशकुलादनीस्वर्णक्षीरिण्य इति दशेमानि भेदनीयानि भवन्ति !

* भेदनीय द्रव्य प्राय: आग्नेयं !

* मुत्राश्मरी- मुत्रल द्रव्य + भेदनीय महाकषाय

* श्वित्र - बाह्यत:

* बाह्य अर्श

* गुल्म, fibroid

1

DETAILS

The herbs which pierce deeply and penetrate and hence produce the action in deeper tissues like Mamsa (muscles), Meda (adipose tissues, Asthi (bone tissues), Majja (marrow) and Shukra (reproductive tissues) are referred by the name – Bhedaneeya.

Such drugs are hot in potency, light and deep penetrative or sharp in quality. Most of the spices too have this property. Usually they cause their action within 30 – 45 minutes of the medicine intake. Also their effect will be persisting for 2 – 3 days. Some of the toxic, poisonous and semi poisonous substances do possess this property. 

2

BHEDANEEYA GANA 

1. Suvaha/Trivrith (Operculinaturpethum B. ) – Roots

This is a good purgative, anti flatulent, anti helmethic and spasmodic contracture.

It is used in treatment of Kapha and Pitta dominant disorders. Apart from being useful as a medicinal herb, it is also a very important herb used in Panchakarma treatment called as Virechana – Purgation treatment. 

2. Arka – Calotropisgigantea – Whole plant

Anti helmenthic, carminative, digestive, alkalizer, stimulant and anti spasmoidic.

It is widely used many Ayurvedic treatments, both externally (ksharasutra) and internally. It is a very common herb seen widely throughout India.

It is called as Madar in English. Often, its another variety Calotropoisprocera is also used in the same name.

3. Urubuka – Castor – Ricinuscommunis – Roots

Cholegogue, anti flatulent, laxative, quick acting, deep penetrative etc.

Castor root, seeds and leaves are extensively used in Ayurvedic treatments, both for externally and internally. Castor is aphrodisiac, relieves pain and useful in neurological disorders.

4. Agnimukhi – Gloriosasuperba – Rhizome

Abortificient, digestive, stimulant, anti spasmodic, analgesic etc.

Langaliis a plant mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of wound, swelling, skin disease, bite from poisonous animals, difficulty during labor, intestinal worms etc.

5. Chitra/Danti – Baliospermummontanum – Roots and seeds

Anti helmenthic, purgative, anti flatulent etc.

It induces diarrhea and is useful in treating liver disorders, digestive disorders, hemorrhoids etc.

6. Chitraka – Leadword – Plumbagozeylanica – Roots

Digestive, carminative, stimulant, abortificient, poisonous, irritant etc.

7. Chirabilva – Holopteliaintegrifolia – Stem bark

Circulation regularizer/provider, penetrative, cathartic etc.

Indian Elmis a herb mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of localized swelling, skin diseases, nausea, diabetes, indigestion, piles and acts as blood purifier. It is commonly called Chirabilva in Ayurveda.

8. Shankini – Canscora decussate – Whole plant, Fruits

Purgative, deep penetrative, blood purifier, complexion enhancer etc.

9. Shakuladani – Picrorhizakurroa –Rhizome

Cholegogue, liver stimulant, appetizer, bitter tonic, anti helmenthic, purgative etc.

10. Svarnaksheerini – Argemonemexicana Linn – Whole plant, Roots, Aqueus extract/resin

Purgative, anti spasmodic, stimulant, liver tonic, cholegogue, menogogue etc.

A source for bio diesel, is used in Ayurveda to treat non healing wounds, constipation, Malaria, chronic fever etc. It is also used in VirechanaPanchakarma treatment. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of the drugs referred above are light(laghu), penetrative(teekshna), dry(ruksha) and hot(ushna) in nature. They are bitter or pungent in quality and hot in potency. They undergo Pungent kind of metabolic change (Katuvipaka). The above drugs are effective bitter tonics, liver stimulants, drastic purgatives and anti helmethic in action.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The above said drugs alone or in appropriate combinations useful in the treatment of several ill – health conditions like constipation, hemorrhoids, ascitis, jaundice, anorexia, liver disorders, uterine disorders, chronic digestive disturbances, menstrual irregularities, abdominal worms, diseases of the phlegm like cold – cough – breathlessness etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Trivritlehya,

Chirabilvadi kashaya,

Avipattichoorna,

Krimihara kashaya,

Erandamoola kashaya etc are the few formulations containing few of the

ingredients from the list of above drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Eranda, Chirabilva, Katukarohinietc are less dangerous drugs and hence in smaller dose they can be administered in the finer powder form. Such formulations even though may not of much use to practice regularly;

they can be used in constipation, indigestion, food poisoning, chronic gastric disturbances etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

In Vata and kapha dominant conditions they can be modified into medicated oils. Such oils will have the ability to pacify the numbness, heaviness, circulatory defects,swelling, joint pain etc. In smaller amount they can be added along with Triphalachoorna, Panchavalkalachoornaetc and for Udgharshana, Udvartanaetc it can be brought into practice; they may be highly effective in heftiness of the body, numbness etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As most of the above said drugs are deep penetrative, irritant and drastic purgatives one should be well aware while administering the formulations derived out of these drugs. Especially in the childhood disorders, pregnancy and puerperal period, old aged men and women, in bleeding disorders, menorrhagia, diarrheaetc any of these drugs should be avoided or administered with utmost caution.

SANDHANEEYA GANA 

सन्धानिय- -मधुकमधुपर्णीपृश्निपर्ण्यम्बष्ठकीसमङ्गामोचरसधातकीलोध्रप्रियङ्गुकट्फलानीति दशेमानि सन्धानीयानि भवन्ति!

* संधाने कषाय रस श्रेष्ठ.

* रक्तविशोधन, क्लेदशोषन,व्रणरोपन 

* वन्धत्व- शुक्र-आर्तव संधानकारक इत्यर्थं (i.e.for गर्भधारणा)

*अतिसार

* भग्न

* degenerative joint disease 

* सन्धिवात

* ligament tear 

1

DETAILS

Word Sandhaneeya refers to the substance which helps in the uniting process of the tissues especially the connective tissues; mainly the muscles and bones are united in the cases where they are torn or damaged. Otherwise in simple words they are the drugs helpful for wound healing and bone healing process.

As they are the ingredients which are helpful to correct the damage caused in the body they are very essential in day to day routine medicinal process. Proper knowledge about these ingredients will help us to correct the tissue damage and to enhance the healing processing when other medicines are consumed (of any medicinal system).

2

SANDHANEEYA GANA 

1. Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra– Root

Expectorant, binding, healing, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

2. Madhuparni – Indian tinospora – Tinosporacordifolia- Stem

Anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, immune modulator, analgesic,

anti pyretic, rejuvinative, wound healing etc.

3. Prishnaparni – Urariapicta- Roots

Tonic, galactogogue, tissue binding, energizer, diuretic, aphrodisiac etc

4. Ambasthaki (Cissampelospareira Linn.)- Roots

Astringent tonic, steptic, uterine tonic, energizer etc. 

5. Samanga – Rubiacordifolia- Stem/ whole plant

Blood purifier, tissue strengthener, binding, circulation provider,

free radical scavenging, alkalizer etc.

6. Mocharasa (Salmaniamalabarica Schott &Endl.)- Resin/ stem bark

Steptic, coolant, anti diarrhoeal, uterine function regulator etc.

7. Dhataki – Woodfordiafruticosa- Flowers

Tonic, rejuvinative, energizer, healing, tissue binding etc.

8. Lodhra (Symplocosracemosa)- Stem bark

Uterine function regulator, healing, steptic, astringent tonic etc.

9. Priyangu (Callicaramacrophylla) – Seeds

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti pyretic, wound healing,

fracture healing etc.

10. Katphala – Myricanagi- Bark – Box Myrtle

Vaso constrictor, broncho- dilator, wound healing, anti tussive etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs enumerated under the heading of Sandhaneeyagana are sweet mixed astringent in nature and rich with Prithwi and Apmahabhoota (earth and water basic elements).

Most of the drugs are cold in potency ad undergo pungent kind of metabolic transformation. They are usually hot in potency.

These drugs are wound healing, tissue building and rejuvinative drugs. Few of the drugs improve blood circulation, provide the energy and act as free radical scavenging agents. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs individually or in combinations helpful in fracture, dislocation, arthritis, degenerative joint disorders, circulatory discomforts, neuritis, gouty arthritis etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Gandha taila,

Mahamanjishthadi khada,

Pushyanuga choorna,

Maharaja prasarini taila,

Manjishthadi taila,

Lodhrasava etc are the few important formulation possessing few of these

ingredients in various proportions. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In cases like petechial haemorrhage or bleeding from the capillaries fine paste of Yashtimadhu (Madhuka) or Ambashthaki or Mocharasa can be applied.

Fine powder of Madhuka and Lodhra are found to be excellent in arresting the bleeding from any parts of the body.

Formulation development opportunities:

In the cases or patients who are having compromised immunity and hurdles are found regarding healing process or union of the fractured area the tablets or decoctions made out of the above said drugs can be used. Medicated oils can also be prepared by taking the suitable base oils. Good scope can be traced while

preparing the liniments and ointments, out of the above said ingredients. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

No any absolute contra indications can be traced out for these drugs. However the individuals with lesser clotting factor should prescribe these herbs with little caution.

DEEPANEEYA GANA

दीपनीय-

-पिप्पलीपिप्पलीमूलचव्यचित्रकशृङ्गवेराम्लवेतसमरिचाजमोदाभल्लातकास्थिहिङ्गुनिर्यासा इति दशेमानि दीपनीयानि भवन्ति !

*गुल्म उदर अर्श अतिसार ग्रहणी विकारा अग्नीमांद्यात भवती,तेषू दीपनियानी उपयोगानी! 

* दीपनिय + तृप्तीघ्न महाकषाय- good results in prameh and thyroid. 

1

DETAILS

The words ‘Deepaneeya’ means that which stimulate the digestive fire. This is very essential to increase the capacity of the food intake and to prevent from the further indigestion. Also classical literatures of ayurveda emphasize that the root cause for all the diseases is indigestion.

It is the reason after the Pachana (digestive) of the Ama (undigested food) it is very essential to administer the medicaments or food which are having the carminative (Deepaneeya) effect.

It is the reason in most of the classical formulations one or other carminative herbs are included so as to facilitate the drug action and to further enhance the therapeutic effects of the drugs 

2

DEEPANEEYA GANA

1. Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum-Fruit

Carminative, digestive, liver stimulant, appetizer, anti spasmodic etc.

2. Pippalimoola – Long pepper – Piper longum-Root

Anti spasmodic, analgesic, stimulant, carminative, appetizer etc.

3. Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.)-Stem

Stimulant, carminaticve , digestive, appetizer, liver stimulant,

anti spasmodic, scraping, diaphoretic, anti pyretic etc.

4. Chitraka – Leadword – Plumbagozeylanica-Root

Appetizer, stimulant, carminative, anti histaminic, abortificient,

stimulant of the uterus etc. 

5. Shringavera – Ginger – Zingiberofficinale–Rhizome

Carminative, digestive, expectorant, stimulant, bronchodilator etc.

6. Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.-Fruit

Cardiac tonic, appetizer, anti spasmodic, stimulant etc.

It is an excellent cardiac stimulant, digestive and laxative. Used in

Ayurved since the time of Charaka, it is also useful in cough, bloating,

splenomegaly etc.

7. Maricha – Black pepper fruit – Piper nigrum-Seeds

Broncho- dilator, adaptogenic, stimulant, appetizer, digestive,

carminative,antigungal, immune-modulator, anti histaminic etc.

Black pepper has not got its well deserving credit. It certainly is not just

another spice. It removes toxins conditions, heals, stimulates organs.

It is also used as antidote in insect bites. It is one among the three

ingredients of very important Ayurvedic medicine – Trikatu.

8. Ajamoda– Celery fruit – Trachyspermumroxburghianum-Seeds

Antispasmodic , appetizer, carminative, anti flatulent, digestive etc.

9. Bhallataka (Semecarpusanacardium Linn.)-Seeds

Stimulant, immune modulator, cytotoxic, carminative, digestice,

anti bacterial,anti fungal, rubificient, bone tissue strengthener etc.

10. HinguNiryasa – Asafoetidanathex–Resin

Analgesic, neuro- stimulant , digestive, carminative, anti spasmodic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs which are carminative in action are dry(ruksha), hot(ushna) and light(laghu) in quality and hot in potency. Usually such drugs undergo pungent or sour kind of metabolic transformation (Katu/ amlavipaka).

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs individually or in multiple combinations act as lipolytic (helps to bring down the lipid level), scraping(take away the excess fat), analgesic, anti spasmodic, liver stimulant etc. In women it acts as stimulant of the uterues in smaller dosage and as abortificient in larger dose.

Due to the above said properties it is useful in gaseous tumors (gulma),abdominal colic (shoola),indigestion (agnimandya), distension of the abdomen (adhmana), gurgling (atopa), dysmenorrhoea (kricchrartava),Kamala (obstructive jaundice) etc. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Hingwastakachoorna,

Vaishwanarachoorna,

Hingwachadichoorna,

Hingwadigulika,

Vachalashunadikashaya,

Pippalyasava,

Chavikarishtha,

Chitrakadivati etc are the few formulations containing these ingredients in

various proportions and combinations. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application

in routine practice:

The drugs like Pippali, Pippalimoola, Ajamoda are taken individually or in

combination and soaked in lemon juice and ginger juice. This is kept in sunshine

and dried. The procedure can be repeated for 3-5 times. The powder hence

obtained can be used in the conditions like abdominal pain, indigestion, maldigestion,

abdominal distension etc.

The hot infusion of these drugs is also equally beneficial in such conditions.

Formulation development opportunities:

Potent liver stimulants, carminative syrups , digestive tablets or capsules etc can

be prepared out of these drugs. In animal care also good proprietary formulations

can be made which will stand as safe and effective formulations to treat the

common complaints like abdominal colic, indigestion, lethargy etc of the pets. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the ingredients of this group are hot, spicy, stimulant and penetrative it is always better to avoid the combinations of the above drugs in pregnancy, puerperal period, constipation, hemorrhoids, bleeding disorders, ulcers, patients with the history of repeated abortion, mouth ulcers etc. Bhallaka is a rubificient, stimulant and corrosive and hence while using any of the combination containing this drug should take sufficient precautionary measures.

BALYA GANA 

बल्य -ऐन्द्र्यृषभ्यतिरसर्ष्यप्रोक्तापयस्याश्वगन्धास्थिरारोहिणीबलातिबला इति दशेमानि बल्यानि भवन्ति !

* देहबलं वर्धयती तत बल्यं !

* HIV patients 

* TB 

* as a रसायन

* धातुक्षय, जीर्णज्वर, क्षय

E.g. कुष्माण्ड,शतावरी,बला

1

DETAILS

The substance, food or medicine which gives strength or invigorates is called ‘Balya’. Even though tonic is the common word used in practice Ayurvedic concept of tonic is very vast and it discusses about various factors and phenomenon concerned to this.

That is the reason all enlivening, energizing, nutritive and anti aging drugs are grouped together under this heading.

Classical reference: Charaka sutra 4/10 

2

BALYA GANA 

1. Aindri (Citrulluscolocynthis) –Root

Bitter tonic, liver stimulant, laxative, carminative , anti flatulent,

anti spasmodic etc. 

2. Rishabhi – Rishabhaka – Manilkarahexandra-Root

Rejuvinative, tonic , energizer, bulk enhancer, stabilizer, aphrodisiac etc.

3. Atirasa – Asparagus – Asparagausracemosus–Root

Galactogogue, aphrodisiac, nourishing, nutritive, soothing, coolant,

hair tonic, rejuvinative etc.

4. Rishyaprokta – Teramnuslabialis

Rejuvinative, envigorative, stimulant, bulk enhancer, nutritive etc.

5. Payasya – Impomoeapaniculata –Rhizome

Nutritive, nourishing, galactogogue, soothing, coolant,

bulk enhancer etc. 

6. Ashwagandha – Winter Cherry / Indian ginseng – Withaniasomnifera–Root

Aphrodisiac, envigorative, rejuvinative, energizer, immune modulator ,

strengthner of the mind, stabilizer etc.

7. Sthira – Desmodiumgangeticum – Root

Stabilizer, energizer, neuro muscular stimulant, tonic,

muscle buylk enhancer etc.

8. Katukarohini – Picrorhizakurroa-Root

Liver stimulant, cholegogue, laxative, scraping, carminative, bitter tonic etc.

9. Bala – Country mallow– Sidacordifolia-Root

Tonic, energizer, stabilizer, rejuvinative, anti inflammatory, analgesic etc.

10. Atibala – Abutilon indicum –Root

Stabilizer, tonic, rejuvinative, aphrodisiac, anti inflammatory, analgesic, energizer, immune modulator, etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs of this group are usually sweet mixed bitter taste in nature, undergo sweet kind (some may be exceptional) of metabolic transformation, most of the drugs are cold in potency and nutritive in action.

They are tissue building, nutritive, muscle bulk enhancers, rejuvinative, aphrodisiac, immune modulator and stabilizers in action. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs of Balyagana are used in emaciation, fatigue, nervine disorders,Vata predominant conditions, Immune difficiency disorders, loss of libido, degenerative disorders, geriatric health issues etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Balarishtha,

Ashwagandharishtha,

Vidaryadi kashayaa,

Dhatupushthi rasayana,

Asheagandhavaleha,

Chyavanaprasha,

Brahma rasayana etc are the few formulations containing the members of this group of herbs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Bala-Atibala-Payasyaetc can be taken individually or in combination and medicated milk is made. This is effective in emaciating disorders, thirst, fatigue, degenerative troubles, arthritis etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

From the selective drugs of this group health beneficial rejuvinative tonics can be prepared. Also they can be included along with raisins, pista, cashew nut etc and good lehya preparations can also be formulated.

These drugs can be used in routine if granules are made along with few carminative and flavoring agents. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The drugs grouped under this category should not be practiced in large amount in the patients who are stout, suffering from few of the metabolic disorders etc.

VARNYA GANA

वर्ण्य - चन्दनतुङ्गपद्मकोशीरमधुकमञ्जिष्ठासारिवापयस्यासितालता इति दशेमानि वर्ण्यानि भवन्ति !

* रक्त-ओज-वर्णप्रसादन 

* बालों का वर्ण ठिक करनेके लिये

* भ्राजकपित्त विकृती

* पांडूरोग,शोथ,कुस्ठे,व्रण

* herpes zoster- orally and lep

1

DETAILS

It is the dream of every individual to be lustrous and attractive. Even though few are by nature lustrous some more want to be with some cosmetics or applications. Here appears the role of complexion enhancing drugs or Varnya drugs of Charaka Samhita text book.

The mentioned drugs are having the above said properties when used internally as well as applied externally.

As most of these drugs are having the blood purifying and skin toning effect they significantly promote the Bhrajaka pitta in their site(beneath the skin) and hence enhance the complexion of the body parts especially the face and other exposed parts of the body 

2

VARNYA GANA

1. Chandana – Santalum album – Heart wood

Coolant, soothing, complexion enhancing, odoratous, sweat reducing etc. 

2. Tunga – Calophylluminophyllum – Stem bark/Seeds

Skin intacting agent, soothener, anti inflammatory, unctuous etc.

3. Padmaka – Prunuscerasoides – Heart wood

Coolant, blood purifier, pacifier of the thirst and burning of the body, alkalizer etc.

4. Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveriazizanioides – Roots

Coolant, diuretic, skin softener, blood purifier, rejuvinative, skin replenisher etc.

5. Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra – Rhizome

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer, antacid etc.

6. Manjistha – (Rubiacordifolia Linn). – Whole plant

Blood purifier, complexion enhancer, steptic, haemetenic etc.

7. Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus – Roots

Diuretic, skin softener, alkalizer, complexion enhancer, coolant, antacid etc.

8. Payasya – Ipomoea paniculata – Tubers

Coolant, galactogogue, aphrodisiac, rejuvinative, body replenisher, nutritive etc.

9. Sita (Shweta durva) – white variety of Cynodondactylon – Whole plant

Body detoxifier, steptic, coolant, hair tonic, anti oxidant etc.

10. Lata (black variety of Cynodondactylon Pers.) – Whole plant

Skin toner, body detoxifier, steptic, diuretic, coolant, antacid, immune modulator, anti oxidant etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs of this group are mostly bitter mixed astringent in taste and majority of the drugs undergo sweet kind of metabolic transformation (Madhuravipaka).The are cold in potency and maximum are unctuous, light, cold, fine, soft and clear in quality.

Due to the above said qualities they act as blood purifiers and coolants. That is the reason these are potent to reduce the blisters inn the body parts, burning sensation, itching etc. In cases like discoloration of the skin caused due to hyper pigmentation or irregular distribution of the pigments the combined formulations derived out of these drugs will effective in such conditions. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Acne, black heads, melasma, scars, burn marks, post operative scars or discoloration, petechial hemorrhage, pemphigus, blisters and boils – in all these conditions these drugs are useful.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Chandanasava,

Usheerasava,

Mahamanjishthadikashaya,

Dashangalepa,

Varnyalepa,

Sarivadyasava,

Sarivadiavaleha,

Yastimadhukataila are the few important formulations containing the above drugs in various combinations.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Sariva, Chandana, Manjishtha, Yashtimadhuetc can be used as single drug application in case of discoloration of the skin. Fine powder of the mixed drugs can also be used as per the necessary. Those with repeated

complaints of burning of the body, hot flushes, dislocation, heat related issues etc can take the cold or hot infusion of the drugs. Medicated milk is also equally beneficial.

Formulation development opportunities:

Good scope is found out of the drugs to modify into oils, external applications like gels, ointments etc. In acne, hyper pigmentation etc also such formulationscan be used. Complexion enhancing face wash, hand wash (nourishing/skin softening) etc can also be thought of. Medicated soaps and shampoos can also be prepared with proper rationality. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such specific contra indications are not found. However if anyone has allergic towards these ingredients it is better to avoid the preparations.

KANTHYA GANA

कंठ्य - -सारिवेक्षुमूलमधुकपिप्पलीद्राक्षाविदारीकैटर्यहंसपादीबृहतीकण्टकारिका इति दशेमानि कण्ठ्यानि भवन्ति !

* दशप्राणायतन,सद्यप्राणहर मर्म

* स्वरक्षय, मांसशोनीत दुस्टी,

* recurrent tonsillitis 

* गीत,भाष्य,अध्ययन से क्षीण मे उपयोगी.

* Thyroid - कंठ्य + लेखनीय+ दीपनीय.

1

DETAILS

The drugs which are good for throat (kantha) or voice are called Kanthya drugs. Kantha(throat) beingn the site of Kapha very often it is afflicted by the phlegm. So, sore throat, hoarseness of the voice, feeble voice, split voice, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, etc are manifested.

The drugs referred in the above heading are Vatakaphahara in action and hence effective in improving the voice and also to relieve the diseases of the throat. So in Ayurvedic therapeutics there is significant role of Kanthya drugs. 

2

KANTHYA GANA

1. Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmusindicus – Roots

Soothener of the throat, expectorant, voice promotive, softener, blood purifier etc. 

2. Ikshumula – Sugarcane root – Saccharumofficinarum – Roots

Diuretic, soothener, expectorant, anti tussive, coolant etc.

3. Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhizaglabra – Rhizome

Expectorant, anti tussive, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer etc.

4. Pippali – Long pepper fruit – Piper longum – Fruits

Expectorant, immune modulator, stimulant, broncho dilator, digestive, carminative, etc.

5. Darksha – Raisin – Vitisvinifera – Dry fruits

Carmibnative, laxative, expectorant, tonic, hemetenic, soothener, rejuvinative etc.

6. Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Puerariatuberosa) – Tuber

Tonic, rejuvinative, aphrodisiac, galactogogue, bulk enhancer, expectorant etc.

7. Kaitarya – Myricanagi – Leaves/Stem bark

Stimulant, expectorant, carminative, diaphoretic, antipyretic, bitter tonic etc.

8. Hamsapadi – Adiantumlunulatum – Whole plant

Astringent tonic, stabilizer, throat strengthener, expecvtorant, anti tussive etc.

9. Brihati – Solanumindicum – Roots

Anti inflammatory, expectorant, carminative, digestive, stimulant, broncho dilator etc.

10. Kantakari – Solanumxanthocarpum – Roots

Expectorant, broncho dilator, analgesic, anti inflammatory etc 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Majority of the drugs explained under this heading are unctuous and col;d in potency(Draksha, Ikshu, Sariva, Madhukaetc) or dry and hot in potency(Kanthakari, Brihati, Kaitarya, Hamsapadietc).By this we can infer that the drugs which are helpful in dryness of the throat or the condition manifested due to excess of phlegm/sputum – both can be effectively managed by the Kanthyadrugs.Both dry cough and cough with expectoration can be managed by taking the necessary drugs of the context.

Because, ultimately the drugs which are helpful to tackle the throat disorders are grouped together here. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs possessing Kanthya properties is beneficial in the treatment of varieties of Kapaha and Vata predominant throat disorders. Cold, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, asthma, chronic and acute cold – cough etc conditions are effectively managed by these herbs and their various combinations.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Vyaghreehareetaki,

Pippalyasava,

Dashamoolarishtha,

Dashamoolahareetaki,

Brihatyadikashaya,

Draksharishtha are the few important classical formulations derived out of these drugs.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Yashtimadhu and Draksha are made into fine paste and chewed trice or four times in a day. This is very effective in dry cough. Similarly if fine powder of Pippali, Kantakari and Brihati is taken along with honey the cough with sputum. Same can be used in decoction form also.

Formulation development opportunities:

Depending upon the Dosha predominance and nature if the illness suitable Lehya – Kashaya, Powder or Syrup formulations can be made which are widely applicable in varieties of simple to severe and acute to chronic throat disorders. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Depending upon the Doshapredominat cases the group of herbs are to be selected from the above Gana as it included the drugs which are recommended for both wet cough(with sputum) and dry cough. Or else we may face difficulties in the conditions due to improper utilization of the drugs.

HRIDYA GANA

हृद्य - -आम्राम्रातकलिकुचकरमर्दवृक्षाम्लाम्लवेतसकुवलबदरदाडिममातुलुङ्गानीति दशेमानि हृद्यानि भवन्ति !

*ओजोवर्धक 

*अम्लो रस प्राय: हृद्यानी! 

*अम्लरस रस-रक्तवर्धन-हृदयपोषण-हृदयबलवर्धन 

1

DETAILS

Heart being the most important vital organ improving its functional quality is very essential to healthy individuals as well as diseased ones. It is of utmost importance to those who are known for deficits related to cardiac functions.

In all such difficulties the classical ayurveda prescribes some group of herbs which have altogether have potency to improve the heart functions and to maintain the anatomical texture appropriately. The classical term used for this is ‘Hridya’ which means ‘Hridayayahitam’ meaning of which is ‘that which is good for heart’.

2

HRIDYA GANA

1. Amra – mango – Mangiferaindica-Fruit

It is sweet mixed sour in taste. This is known for stimulant, cardiac protective, carminative, digestive, fat metabolizing and hemetenic benefits.

2. Amrataka – Spondiaspinnata-Seeds

Carminative, digestive, appetizer, energizer, anti spasmodic etc. 

3. Lakucha – Atrocarpuslakoocha-Fruits

Cardiac protective, stimulant, tonic, haemetenic, circulation provider etc.

4. Karamarda – Carissa carandes-Fruits

Appetizer, carminative, digestive, sour stimulant, deep penetrative etc.

5. Vrksamla (Garcinia indica Linn.)- Kokum Fruit

Stimulant, digestive, appetizer, anti flatulent, blood thinner, antacid etc.

6. Amlavetasa – Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.-Fruits

Apetizer, stimulant, energizer, anti flatulent, carminative,antihyperlipidemic etc

7. Kuvala – Zizyphussativa-Fruits

Scraping, appetizer, thirst promotive, acid-alkali regulator, coolant, eye tonic etc.

8. Badara – Zizyphusjujuba- Ber Fruits

Scraping, appetizer, thirst promotive, acid-alkali regulator, coolant, eye tonic etc.

9. Dadima – Pome granate– Punicagranatum-Fruits

Anti diarrhoeal, cardiac stimulant, coolant, cardiac tonic, hemetenic etc.

10. Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus limon-Fruits

Antacid, anti flatulent, coolant, carminative, cardiac tonic, energizer etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Maximum drugs referred under this heading are sour mixed sweet in taste. They are hot in potency (mostly) and under go sour kind of metabolic transformation (Amlavipaka).Usually these drugs are light-hot-minute-deep penetrative and clear in quality.

They are carminative, digestive, appetizers and cardiac stimulants. They act as hemetenics and anti hyperlipidemic in action. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These are helpful to regulate the cardiac functions. They maintain the cardiac rhythm and pumping in the appropriate way. As they are hemetenic in action the breathlessness, work exhaustion etc complaints can also reduced significantly. Quite interestingly the drug is useful in both the conditions like bradycardia as well as tachycardia.

In sinus tachycardia and hypertension cases they have established benefits. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Panchapallava yoga,

dadimarishtha,

Dadimadyavaleha,

Matalarasayana,

Madiphalarasayana,

Indukuvalayadikashaya etc are the important formulations containing few of these ingredients.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Amlavetasa, Vrikshamla, Dadima, Badaraetc can be made into syrups or jams and can be used along with food. Or else cardiac patients can be advised to have these fruits in day to day practice.

Formulation development opportunities:

The above drugs can be converted into chewable candies or linctuses so that long lasting and gradual acting drug benefits can be encashed from these drugs and herbs. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

If the patients have ulcer, bleeding disorders or severe gastric irritation some of the drugs of the above said group may cause adverse reactions. So while administering the drugs it is very essential to choose the appropriate drugs from this set of herbs. As most of the herbs are sour in nature their medicated milk may act as incompatible. 

TRIPTIGHNA GANA

तृप्तीघ्न-

-नागरचव्यचित्रकविडङ्गमूर्वागुडूचीवचामुस्तपिप्पलीपटोलानीति दशेमानि तृप्तिघ्नानि भवन्ति ! 

* कफ बाहुल्यात तृप्तीरोग संजायते, तृप्तिघ्नानी द्रव्यानी कफं हत्वा तत्र लाघवं पाटवं च जनयती!

* तृप्तिघ्नानी द्रव्यानी दीपनं पाचनं तथा सारकित्तविभजनं च कृत्वा !

* प्रमेह- दीपनीय +तृप्तीघ्न

1

DETAILS

The word ‘TRIPTI’ even though refers with the positive ideology of satisfaction in most of the occasions, in this context this explains the ‘pseudo satiation’ what an individual often gets especially due to Kapha predominance or due to altered digestion.

Here the satisfaction what an individual feels is not due to saturation or equilibrium of the mind.Even though in most such contexts mind is affected it is due to the ‘heaviness’ what an individual develops because of

the ‘unctuousness’(snigdha guna) or ‘slowness’(manda guna) of the body. So the drugs referred

in this context are helpful to relieve these complaints quite effectively and instantly.

2

TRIPTIGHNA GANA

1. Nagara – Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) – Rhizome

Digestive, carminative, anti flatulent, appetizer, severe penetrative, stimulant etc.

2. Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.) – Stem

Liver stimulant, cholegogue, carminative, appetizer, penetrative etc.

3. Chitraka – Leadword – Plumbago zeylanica – Roots

Digestive, abortificient, absorbant, stimulant, scraping, diaphoretic etc.

4. Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burm f.) – Seeds

Anti helmethic, digestive, anti flatulent, bactericidal etc.

5. Murva (Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) / Clematis triloba Heyne ex Roth.) – Stem

Anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, diaphoretic, anti inflammatory, wormicidal etc.

6. Guduci (Tinspora cordifolia Miers.) – Stem

Anti pyretic, rejuvinative, anti inflammatory, analgesic, blood purifier, scaraping etc.

7. Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.) – Rhizome

Stimulant, wormicidal, memory boosting, anti spasmodic, diaphoretic etc.

8. Musta (Cyperus rotundus) – Rhizome

Anti diarrhoeal, anti pyretic, absorbant, digestive, appetizer etc.

9. Pippali – Long pepper – Piper longum – Fruit

Liver stimulant, appetizer, adaptogenic, bio enhancer, scraping, anti hyperlipidemic,

digestive, carminative etc.

10. Patola – Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn.) – Stem/ Moola/ Fruits

Wormicidal, blood purifier, scraping, bitter topnic, viricidal, laxative etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Almost all the drugs of this group are hot in potency and pungent or bitter in taste. They are predominant with Agni and Vayu mahabhoota.Thery undergo pungent kind of metabolic transformation (Katu vipaka).These drugs act as carminatives, digestives and appetizers and liver stimulants.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

B drugs in combination work well in the conditions like mal – digestion, indigestion, diseases of the phlegm, fatigue, mal absorption syndromes, gastro intestinal disorders, worm infestation, fever, oozing skin diseases, heftiness, Type II DM etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Panchakola choorna,

Panchakolasava,

Ksheerashatpala ghrita,

Tryooshanadi vati,

Navayasa loha,

Cyhavikasava,

Amritarishtha,

Pippalyasava,

Vidangarishtha,

Chitrakadi vati,

Mustakarishtha,

Mustadi pramathya etc are few of the formulations containing these herbs in various proportions.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Musta, Pippali, Nagara are the safe drugs of this group and they can be made into fine powder and can be administered in the form of medicated powders or hot infusions in fatigue, indigestion, Kaphaja disorders etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

The syrups or tablets developed out of these drugs or in addition to few more digestives and carminatives or liver stimulants can be used to tackle the day to day complaints like loss of taste, indigestion, abdominal colic, worm infestation (especially pin worms), gaseous distention of abdomen etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As most of these drugs are hot in potency the formulations derived out of these drugs should be prescribed with caution in Pitta individuals and in Paittic seasons. Cautions should be taken while prescribing these drugs in bleeding disorders, in ulceration and constipation.

ARSHOGHNA GANA 

अर्शोघ्न - -कुटजबिल्वचित्रकनागरातिविषाभयाधन्वयासकदारुहरिद्रावचाचव्यानीति दशेमान्यर्शोघ्नानि भवन्ति !

*त्वचा पे चलनेवाली सब मैडिसिन अर्श पे and viceversa .

* अर्श , varicose veins 

1

DETAILS

The herbs or drugs which are having the property to pacify the complaint of haemorroids/piles (Arsha) are called Arshoghna. Arsha is the result of constant indigestion and constipation.

2

ARSHOGHNA GANA 

1. Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhenaantidysenterica Wall.)-Stem bark

Anti diarrheal, carminative, wormicidal, anti hyperlipidimic, anti pyretic etc.

2. Bilva- (Aegle marmelos Corr.)

Digestive, absorbant, anti diarrhoeal, stimulant, anti inflammatory,

anti arthritic, analgesic etc.

3. Chitraka – Leadwort – Plumbagozeylanica-Roots

Digestive, abortificient, absorbant, stimulant, scraping, diaphoretic etc.

4. Nagara (Zingiberofficinale Rosc.)-Rhizome

Digestive, carminative, anti flatulent, appetizer, severe penetrative, stimulant etc.

5. Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.)-Roots

Anti pyretic, wormicidal, diaphoretic, anti flatulent etc.

6. Abhaya – Terminalia chebula-Fruit rind

Laxative, astringent tonic, anti flatulent, appetizer, tissue replenisher, eye tonic etc.

7. Dhanvayasaka (Fagoniacretica Linn.)-Roots

Carminative, digestive, expectorant, soothing of the throat, anti tussive, immune modulator etc.

8. Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberisaristata–Stem bark/Stem

Anti heyperlipidemic, complexion enhancer, anti diabetic, eye tonic etc.

9. Vacha (Acoruscalamus Linn.) – Rhizome

Stimulant, digestive, wormicidal, memory enhancer, stimulant etc.

10. Chavya (Piper chaba Hunter.)-Stem

Liver stimulant, digestive, carminative, anti flatulent, uterine stimulant etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The above specified drugs of Arshoghna group are light and hot in quality, pungent in taste, hot in potency and usually undergo pungent kind of metabolic transformation. They are deep penetrative, quick acting and have direct action over the digestive fire.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs are highly beneficial in piles or haemoprroids. In addition they may be useful in diarrhea, sprue syndrome, chronic indigestion, abdominal worms, constipation etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Kutajarishtha,

Bilvarishtha,

Bilvavaleha,

Abhayarishtha,

Abhayadimodaka,

Chitrakasava,

Chavyarishtha,

Kutajavaleha,

Chitrakadivati etc are the important formulation s prepared out of the above said ingredients.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

The drugs like Abhaya (Hareetaki) can be prescribed in the powder form along with butter milk in the cases like hemorrhoids. Dhanvayasa and Kutaja in the form of hot infusion found to be effective in the cases of piles.

Formulation development opportunities:

Above said drugs can be modified into syrups or medicated powders. If some more alkaline drugs are added (like Yavakshara, Sarjakshara) etc much competitive product can be developed which is efficient to cure I and II stage of piles. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

The above said drugs are hot in potency and hence they should be prescribed in appropriate dosage and with suitable after drink or else it may worsen the condition.

KUSHTAGHNA GANA

कुष्टघ्न-

-खदिराभयामलकहरिद्रारुष्करसप्तपर्णारग्वधकरवीरविडङ्गजातीप्रवाला इति दशेमानि कुष्ठघ्नानि भवन्ति !

* तिक्तद्रव्यानी रक्तप्रसादनं, कटुद्रव्यानी अग्नीदीपनं ,कषायद्रव्यानी शरीरगत क्लेद शोषयित्वा कुष्टहरानी भवंती!

- कोथनिर्मिती,necrosis ,

  स्पर्शहानी

 * All types of skin diseases 

1

DETAILS

‘Kushtha’ refers to the condition which disfigures the body surface. Hence all skin disease are broadly called by the name ‘Kushtha’ in Ayurveda.

Depending upon the kind of manifestation of the skin disease several causative factors and method of manifestations are involved.So for its cure the medicines or herbs possessing the blood purifying, digestive, liver stimulant, rejuvenating, laxative and complexion enhancing drugs are needed. 

2

KUSHTAGHNA GANA

1. Khadira (Acacia catechu Willd.)-Heart wood

Blood purifier, anti hyperlipidimic, anti diabeteic, complexion enhancer etc. 

2. Abhaya – Haritaki– Terminalia chebula-Fruit rind

Laxative, astringent tomic, de- moisturizer, eye tonic etc.

3. Amalaka – Amla – (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)-Fruits

Eye tonic, skin replenisher, complexion enhancer, skin moisturizer, rejuvinative etc.

4. Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa)–Rhizome

Anti hyperlipidemeic, anti diabetic, complexion enhancer, antacid ,detoxifier etc.

5. Arushkara (Semecarpus anacardium Linn. f.)-Fruits

Digestive, carminative, rejuvinative, anti spasmodic, rubificient etc.

6. Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris R, Br.)-Stem bark

Anti pyretic, blood purifier, liver tonic, anti diabetic, anti hyperlipidimic, skin detoxifier etc.

7. Aragvadha (Cassia fistula)-Fruits/Stem bark

Laxative, anti hyperlipidemic, skin detox, anti spasmodic etc.

8. Karavira (Nerium indicum Mill.)-Seeds/Root

Cardiac stimulant, skin detoxifier, blood purifier, wound healing etc.

9. Vidanga (Embelia ribes Brum. f.) -Fruits

Wormicide, rejuvinative, anti microbial, intestinal flora stabilizer etc.

10. Jatipravala (tender shoots of Jasminum officinale Linn. var. grandiflorum Bailey.)-Tender shoots

Wound healing, blood purifier, antacid, laxative etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

Most of these drugs are bitter or astringent in nature and are cold in potency (except the drugs like Saptaparna, Bhallataka etc).They undergo Pungent kind of metabolic transformation (Katu vipaka) and are light-dry-clear in nature.

Due to the above said Rasapanchaka they act as good blood purifiers, complexion enhancers and laxatives. Potent anti hyperglycemic and skin detoxification effects are also appreciated. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The formulations derived out of these drugs are effective in Skin diseases of various kinds like eczema, psoriasis, dermatosis conditions, itching, chronic oozing skin troubles, skin infections especially fungal infections etc.

They are equally effective in type II DM, constipation ,Pyrexia of unknown origin, worm infestation etc. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Khadirarishtha,

Abhayarishtha,

Haridrakhanda rasayana,

Aragwadharishtha,

Aragwadhadi kashaya,

Vidangarishtha,

Karaveera taila,

Jatyadi taila etc are the few important formulations prepared out of these drugs

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In simple skin diseases Haridra taila(medicated oil from turmeric powder) can be prepared and used externally. Regular intake of hot infusion of Khadira or Khadira added water keeps the skin in good condition.

Combination of fine powder of Turmeric and Amla is highly appreciated in initial conditions of Type II DM and all kinds of urinary disorders.

Formulation development opportunities:

Potent syrups and tablets can be made out of these drugs which are suitable in various skin conditions. Hair oil, hair wash, shampoos etc can also be made with the selective ingredients of this group. As the drugs are anti hyperlipidemic and anti hyperglycemic potent medicines useful, in hyper cholesterol and diabetic can also be made. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As such no absolute contra indications or adverse reactions.But the formulations containing the Bhallataka should be avoided by the pregnants, youg children, puerperal women and those who are sensitive to that(especially people with Pitta constitution).

KANDUGHNA GANA

कंडुघ्न-

-चन्दननलदकृतमालनक्तमालनिम्बकुटजसर्षपमधुकदारुहरिद्रामुस्तानीति दशेमानि कण्डूघ्नानि भवन्ति ! 

* कफमेदस्वेदघ्नं च द्रव्यं कन्डुघ्नं भवती !

* कुष्टे, वातरक्ते,प्रमेहे,कृमिरोगे च कन्दुघ्नानां उपयोग !

* All types of skin diseases where itching present

* मन और त्वचा- जटामान्सी 

1

DETAILS

The word ‘Kandu’ refers to Itching, in Ayurveda. The drug which has the action of pacifying itching is called Kandughna. Usually the drugs which have the nature of Kapha pacifying (Kaphahara) effect are bringing this action.

If such drugs are having the additional effect of blood purifying, laxative, immuno-modulator, liver stimulant, digestive and bitter tonic, the anti itching property will be multi-fold. 

2

KANDUGHNA GANA

1. Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album-Heart wood

Coolant, blood purifier, complexion enhancer, diuretic,skion detox etc.

2. Nalada (Nardostachys jatamamsi DC.)-Root

Sedative, coolant, anxiolytic, expectorant, immune modulator etc. 

3. Kritamala (Cassia fistula Linn.)-Stem bark/Fruits

Blood purifier, circulation provider, laxative, intestinal flora clearant, wormicide etc.

4. Naktamala – Karanja (Pongamia pinnata Merr.)-Stem bark

Blood purifier, antihyperlipidimic, wormicide, anti microbial etc.

5. Nimba – Neem (Azadirachta indica)-Stem bark

Wormicide/anti helmenthic,anti biotic/anti microbial, healing, blood purifier, bitter tonic etc.

6. Kutaja – Connessi (Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall.)-Bark

Anti diarrhoeal, antipyretic, blood purifier, wormicide, wound healing etc.

7. Sarshapa – Mustard – (Brassica nigra Koch.)-Seeds

Digestive, cholegogue, rubificient,wormicide,wound healing etc.

8. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra -Roots

Complexion enhancer, expectorant, antacid, wound healing, natural skin detox, anti oxidant etc.

9. Daru Haridra – Tree Turmeric (stem) – Berberis aristata -Roots

Wound healing, complexion enhancer, hair tonic, blood purifier etc.

10. Musta (Cyperus rotundus) -Rhizome

Digestive, anti diarrhoeal, absorbant, anti imnflammatory etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These drugs are bitter or bitter mixed astringent in taste. Few are sweet also, which may act as Pittahara by which the tissue metabolism can be corrected. As the drugs are undergoing pungent kind of metabolic transformation they have the ability to correct the mal digestion due to their cholegogue action and blood purifying ability.

Also depending upon the doshic association the selective combination of the drugs can be used for the associated symptoms during the suffering of itching followed with oozing or burning. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs belonging to this group are useful in the treatment of various conditions where itching is found as main feature. Most of the diseases where Kapha and Pitta are to be drained out of the body can be treated by these selective drugs.

Eczema, psoarioasis, dermatosis, scaling skin disorders, urticarial rashes, allergic skin manifestations etc can be managed by these drugs quite effectively. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Chandanadi kashaya,

Aragwadhadi kashaya,

Karanjasava,

Karanjadya ghrita,

Maha karanja taila,

Dashanga agada,

Nimbamrita kashaya,

Mahatiktaka ghrita,

Tiktaka kashaya,

Tiktaka ghrita,

Mustakadyarishtha etc are the formulations

which are used widely to treat the itching associated skin problems.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In case of itching associated with oozing skin lesions the medicines like Aragwadha-Daruharidra-Musta-Sarshapa-Nimba etc are made into decoction and administered in suitable dose.

In dry and scaling conditions of skin complaints where itching is a dominant feature Chandana-Nalada-Madhuka etc can be used in the fine powder/tablet or decoction forms. Or else their fine paste can be mixed with ghee or oil and applied over the skin lesions.

Formulation development opportunities:

Medicated ghee or oils can be prepared out of the above drugs to apply over the skin lesions, especially in non oozing or dry skin disorders. Topical applicants like gels, ointments and liniments can also be prepared. Soaps and shampoos as well as bathing powders can also be made with suitable bases and adjuvants.

For allergic manifestations with suitable immuno-modulators and anti histaminic drugs if the above drugs are included potent and safe competitive herbal products can be developed. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Even though itching is usually caused by Kapha dosha where Ushna (hot)-Teekshna(penetrative/sharp)-Laghu(light)-Shlakshna(fine) kind of medicines are used , in contrary Vidagdha pitta (partially digested pitta dosha) which may also lead to itching needs the drugs which pacify the pitta dosha,where coolant(sheetala),manda(slow),heavy(guru) medicines are desired.So the drugs should be selected based upon the doshic dominance or else the condition may be worsened.

KRIMIGHNA GANA

कृमिघ्न - 

-अक्षीवमरिचगण्डीरकेबुकविडङ्गनिर्गुण्डीकिणिहीश्वदंष्ट्रावृषपर्णिकाखुपर्णिका इति दशेमानि कृमीघ्नानी भवंती !

*कुष्ट ,कृमि,विसर्प,अतिसारे,कृमिदंतके,हृद्रोगे,कृमिजशीरोरोगे,व्रणे च कृमिघ्नानां उपयोग!

1

DETAILS

The word ‘Krimi’ means ‘worms’ or ‘micro organisms’ in Sanskrit.The drug which kills or destructs the worms in their site is called Krimighna.

Ayurveda explains several varieties of Krimi based upon the size, shape, site, nature etc. Even though each variety of worms has their own method to pacify the Krimighna gana referred here intends to kill the maximum variety of Krimis. 

2

KRIMIGHNA GANA

1. Aksheeva (Moringa oleifera Lam.)-Seeds/Stem bark

Anti helmenthic, eye tonic, anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, analgesic etc.

2. Maricha – Black pepper fruit –Piper nigrum-Seeds

Adaptogenic, appetizer, carminative, digestive, liver stimulant, wormicide etc.

3. Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.)-Stem bark

Laxative, appetizer, analgesic, anti inflammatory, stimulant etc.

4. Kebuka – Costus speciosus -Roots

Anti biotic, blood purifier, purifier of the semen, energizer, anti helmenthic etc.

5. Vidanga – False Black Pepper (Embelia ribes Burm. f.)-Seeds

Rejuvinative, potent wormicide, haemetenic etc.

6. Nirgundi (Vitex negundo) – Leaves/Root

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, wormcide, healing etc.

7. Kinihi – Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera Linn.)-Whole plant

Wound healing, anti biotic, antacid, wormicide, scraping etc.

8. Shwadamstra- Gokshura – (Tribulus terrestris)-Seeds

Diuretic, aphrodisiac, anti inflammatory, rejuvinative, anti biotic etc.

9. Vrisaparnika (Ipomoea sp.)- Tubers

Anti pyretic, bitter tonic, liver stimulant, wormicide, anti microbial etc.

10. Akhuparnika (Ipomoea reniformis Chois)-Whole plant

Anti helmethic, anti pyretic, bitter tonic, carminative,digestive,stimulant, anti microbial etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These drugs are bitter or astringent in nature. They usually have the tendency to undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipiaka) followed with hot potency.

These drugs are potent anti microbial, anti helmenthic, wormicide, bitter tonics and liver stimulants. Few of the drugs have the ability to restore and stabilize the intestinal flora too. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

These drugs can be used in intestinal worms, skin diseases, abdominal pain, fever, blood borne disorders, colic pain etc. In food poisoning and mal digestion cases also they are found to be effective.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Vidangarishtha,

Gandeeradyarishtha,

Krimighna kashaya,

Raktashodhaka kashaya ,

Kottam chukkadi kashaya etc formulations possess the ingredients of Krimighna gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Akhuparni alone is used in fresh juice or decoction form in intestinal worms. Likewise Vidanga choorna or its kashaya are also equally beneficial in worms. Fine powder of Kushtha has the ability to check repeated episodes of pin worms by strengthening the gut due to its anti microbial property.

Formulation development opportunities:

Tablets and syrups can be made out of these drugs against the worms. By potentiation (bhavana) technique capsules or medicated powders can also be designed.

If laxatives are also included in the formulation desired therapeutic actions can be obtained as per the need, now a days. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As the drugs of this Gana are hot and strong they are not advisable in diarrhea, severe anemia, intestinal perforation, ulceration etc. In pregnancy and puerperal period also this should be avoided or else it should be administered with caution.

VISHAGHNA GANA 

विषघ्न - हरिद्रामञ्जिष्ठासुवहासूक्ष्मैलापालिन्दीचन्दनकतकशिरीषसिन्धुवारश्लेष्मातका इति दशेमानि विषघ्नानि भवन्ति!

*तिक्तो रस विषघ्न , मधुरो रस ओजोवर्धक भवती !

*दुषिविष, प्रमेह उपद्रव,post radiotherapy, post chemotherapy 

1

DETAILS

The drug which has the potency to pacify the toxic effects is called ‘Vishaghna’ in general. Such drugs are of immediate necessity now a days as most of the food what we eat is contaminated and only the drugs which are having soothing effect, chelating effect or demulcent effect will help to pacify the probable toxic effects of the drugs.

Most of the drugs explained under this broad heading are potent detoxifiers and have the ability purify from the toxic effects both by internal and external uses. 

2

VISHAGHNA GANA 

1. Haridra (turmeric – Curcuma longa) – Rhizome

Scraping, anti hyperglycemic, complexion enhancer, anti oxidant, stimulant, detoxifier etc 

2. Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.) – Whole plant

Blood purifier, colorant, circulation provider, anti arthritic etc.

3. Suvaha – Operculina turpethum – Root

Laxative, blood purifier, scraping, anti spasmodic, anti flatulent etc.

4. Sukshma Ela – Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton.) – Fruits

Detoxifier, antacid, demulcent, diuretic, soothing, expectorant etc.

5. Palindi – Ichnocarpus frutescens (Linn.) R.Br – Root, Leucas cephalotus Linn – Whole plant

Liver stimulant, cholegogue, anti pyretic, vaso dilator, scraping etc.

6. Chandana – Sandalwood – Santalum album – Heart wood

Coolant, complexion enhancer, blood purifier, soothing etc.

7. Kathaka (Strychnos potatorium Linn. f.) – Seeds

Blood purifier, anti hyperglycaemic, scraping etc.

8. Shirisha (Albizia lebbeck Benth.) – Stem bark

Detoxifier, immune modulator, anti histaminic, blood purifier etc.

9. Sindhuvara (Vitex negundo) – Leaves and Roots

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, detoxifier, neuro – stimulant etc

10. Shleshmataka (Cordia dichotama Forst. f.) – Seeds and stem bark

Absorbant, demulcent, anti spasmodic, anti inflammatory etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs of the above said group possess either of the actions like blood purifying, demulcent, immune modulator, cytoprotective and detoxifying nature. Due to this kind of action this group of drugs helps in the restoration of the vitality, strengthening the disease resistance and to nullify or decline the possible poisonous properties. In turn, this helps in the restoration of the vital organs or different relative systems.

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs mentioned under the above heading are useful in most of the chronic poisoning conditions and few of the acute poisoning cases too. Food poisoning, poisoning due to cosmetics, toxicity related to the liver, kidney and heart etc can be managed by these herbs alone or with suitable modern medication. Incompatible food induced health issues, drug induced toxicity etc can also be managed well by these drugs and formulations.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Dashanga Lepa,

Mahamanjishthadi kashaya,

Chandanasava,

Chandanadi lepa,

Shireeshadi agada,

Kathakakhadiradi kashaya etc are the few important formulations derived out of these drugs.

Several simple and effective applications (lepa) are also explained in various contexts,especially in Sushruta samhita, Yogaratnakara,

Sahasrayoga etc. 

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In local skin irritations and in minor topical poisoning the application of the fine paste of Haridra, Chandana, Shireesha, Palindi etc have proven to be effective. Also emesis by the fresh juice or decoction of Sindhuvara or Shleshmataka in chronic food poisoning is practiced in the traditional medicine un earths the hidden potency of the herbal resources. Similarly Shireesha acts as an effective herb in the cases of acute and chronic toxicity of liver and skin.

Formulation development opportunities:

Good and effective detoxifying medicines can be planned out of the above drugs or in addition to some other ingredients to counteract the present day lifestyle disorders as well as common toxicity induced by the commonly practiced medicines in palliative disorders. Also the probable undesired effects and adverse reactions can also be minimized by such formulations. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Appropriate dose of the drugs and suitable combination plays significant role out of these simple herbs. So even though absolute contra indications cannot be explored dose and combination should be appropriate among the above said drugs as well as the possible other combinations too.

STANYA JANANA GANA

स्तन्यजनन- 

-वीरणशालिषष्टिकेक्षुवालिकादर्भकुशकाशगुन्द्रेत्कटकत्तृणमूलानीति दशेमानि स्तन्यजननानि भवन्ति !

1

DETAILS

The safe and effective drugs are the indeed necessity with respect to breast milk promoting action. The drugs which improve the breast milk are essential in case of the puerperal women who have less breast milk to feed the babies.

As the modern medications have lessee contribution in this regard and more over such stimulating chemical molecules are dangerous constant efforts are being made to dig out the safe herbal choices. 

2

STANYA JANANA GANA

1. Virana (Vetiveria zizanioides) – Roots

Coolant, diuretic, lactogenic, nutritive, nourishing, complexion enhancer etc.

2. Shali – Rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) – Roots/Seed

Nutritive, nourishing, energizer, bulk enhancer etc.

3. Shastika (a variety of rice – Oryza sativa Linn.) – Seeds/Root

Highly nutritive, soothing, rejuvinating, nourishing, tissue metabolizer etc.

4. Ikhsuvalika/Kokilaksha (Asteracantha longifolia Nees) – Whole plant

Anti arthritic, cholegogue, anti inflammatory, lithotripsic, nutritive, replenishive etc.

5. Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Staff.) – Roots

Coolant, spermatogenic, diuretic, tissue replinisher, lactogogue etc.

6. Kusha (Desmostachya bipinnata) – Roots

Diuretic, stabilizer, free radical scavenging agent etc.

7. Kasha (Saccharum spontaneum Linn.) – Roots

Coolant, stabilizer, immune modulator, diuretic, lactogenic etc.

8. Gundra (Saccharum sara) – Roots

Stabilizer, immune modulator, diuretic, energizer, anti pyretic, anti inflammatory, lactogenic etc.

9. Itkata – Sesbania bispinosa – Roots

Coolant, immune modulator, anti arthritic, anti inflammatory,, lactogenic etc.

10. Katruna (Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreng.) – Roots

Appetizer, carminative, stimulant, diuretic, analgesic, anti pyretic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These drugs are highly nutritive, nourishing and cooling in nature. These are found to be unctuous (snigdha),cool (sheeta),heavy (guru),slow (manda) and dense (sandra) in nature.Most of the drugs are sweet in taste and are undergoing Sweet kind of metabolic change(madhura vipaka) and are cold in potency.

Due to the above mentioned properties they act as lactogogues, diuretic, energizers and soothing agents. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Undoubtedly the members of this group of herbs are highly beneficial in cases like Sthanya kshaya(oligo lactation) and complete absence of breast milk due to stimulant and promotive effect of breast milk.

In addition, these atre beneficial in all Rasakshayaja vikaras (deranged body fluid conditions and lymphatic defects).Some extent few of the herbs have significant benefit to subside the Paittic disorders like purpurea, haemeturia, dysurea etc. As the Sthanya janana gana includes herbs of Trinapanchamoola, they are undoubtedly beneficial in several diseased conditions of urogenital system. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Trinapanchamoola kashaya,

Durvadi kashaya,

Usheerasava,

Durvosheeradi kashaya,

Astagunamanda etc are the few formulations containing the drugs of Sthanyajanana gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Darbha or Kusha can be made into decoction and used to increase the breast milk. Medicated milk can also be prepared out of these drugs.

In practice, rice is cooked along with Methika (Fenugreek) and milk and given to the breast feeding mothers so as to increase the breast milk.

Formulation development opportunities:

Tablets or syrups prepared out of these drugs can be used to promote the breast milk. Likewise these kinds of tablets or medicated powders or decoctions can be given to the cattle also. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

As these drugs are much cooling in nature if any individual is suffering from Kapha related health issues it is not advisable. In mastitis, diuresis etc this is not recommendable.

STANYASHODHANA GANA

स्तन्यशोधन-

-पाठामहौषधसुरदारुमुस्तमूर्वागुडूचीवत्सकफलकिराततिक्तककटुरोहिणीसारिवा इति दशेमानि स्तन्यशोधनानि भवन्ति !

* तत्र दशमुलानी वातदुस्टस्तन्य शोधयती.

* गुडुचि शतावरी सारिवा चन्दन निम्बादिनी पित्तदुष्टस्तन्यं शोधयती.

* शुन्ठी कट्वी देवदारु च कफदुष्टस्तन्यं शोधयती.

* गुडुचि धन्वयास पाठा तिक्ता त्रिदोषदुष्टस्तन्यं शोधयती.

1

DETAILS

Like the breast milk increasing, breast milk cleansing and detoxifying drugs are also of utmost importance as the pure and clean milk can only be the reason for the growth and health of the child.

So the drugs mentioned under the heading of ‘Sthanyashodhana’(breast milk purifying) have significant impact over the quality of the breast milk. This helps a lot to prevent the possible diseases of the breast in mothers as well as in the milk borne diseases of the kids. 

2

STANYASHODHANA GANA

1. Patha (Cissampelos pareira Linn.) – Roots

Anti diarrhoeal, stabilizer, bitter tonic, absorbent etc. 

2. Mahausadha – Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) – Rhizome

Digwestive, carminative, anti flatulent, anti inflammatory, anti flatulent etc.

3. Suradaru (Cedrus deodara) – Stem, Heartwood

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, appetizer, stimulant etc.

4. Musta (Cyperus rotundus) – Rhizome

Digestive, antispasmodic, anti flatulent, absorbent, anti diarrhoeal etc.

5. Murva (Clematis triloba Heyne ex Roth.) – Stem

Anti pyretic, anti histaminic, digestive, appetizer etc.

6. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Miers.) – Stem

Rejuvinative, blood purifier, anti pyretic, anti inflammatory etc.

7. Vatsaka – Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall.) – Seeds

Anti diarrhoeal, antipyretic, bitter tonic, anti biotic etc.

8. Kiratatikta (Swertia chirata Buch – Ham.) – Whole plant

Antipyretic, anti inflammatory, bitter tonic, liver stimulant, appetizer etc.

9. Katurohini – Picrorhiza kurroa – Roots

Laxative, anti biotic, liver stimulant, appetizer, blood purifier etc.

10. Sariva – Indian Sarsaparilla – Hemidesmus indicus – Roots

Blood purifier, coolant, cholegogue, antacid etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs specified under this heading are sweet, bitter or astringent in taste. They are cold in potency and most of the drugs are undergoing pungent kind of metabolic changes. These herbs are dry – light and cold in nature. They act as laxative, anti microbial, antacid, blood purifier and appetizers.

Due to the above said characters the drugs are helpful to purify the breast milk in effective way. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs and formulations derived out of the Sthanyashodhaka gana drugs altogether useful in various breast disorders like mastitis, mastalgia, breast milk suppression induced health issues etc.

In addition to this they are useful in several other ill health conditions also. The important ones are pyrexia of unknown origin, indigestion, obstructive jaundice, acid peptic disorders etc. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Pushyanuga choorna,

Devadarvadi kashaya,

Mustakadyarishtha,

Murvadi kashaya,

Cchinnaruhadi kashaya,

Amritottara kashaya,

Sarivadyasava,

Patolakaturohinyadi kashaya,

Tiktakadi kashaya,

Kutajamustakadi kashaya,

Kutajarishtha etc are the important formulations containing the member drugs of Sthanyashodhana gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

For the purpose of breast milk purification both local application and internal administration are recommended. The drugs like Katukarohini, Kiratatikta, Murva etc can be made into fine paste and applied over the breast. But, in such cases while breast feeding, it should be washed thoroughly and administered with care.

In mild kind of breast milk vitiation Katukarihini paste alone is useful for both external application as well as internal administration. Patha roots being the master drug for breast milk purification, it can be used for application as well as internal administration.

Formulation development opportunities:

Potent and safe herbal powder, tablets and syrups can be prepared so as to tackle the breast milk vitiation induced health issues. Instead of opting for hormonal therapies and anti biotics the potent effects of herbal medicines can be utilized in this respect, undoubtedly. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Most of the drugs and formulations are bitter in nature and hence it may cause little debility initially. So, debilitated individuals should avoid this preparation if not directly recommended in the specific conditions.

Excess intake of the above said drugs may lead to purgation in few of the individuals who have Mridu koshtha/Pitta prakriti. So it is administered with utmost care in such people. 

SHUKRAJANANA GANA

शुक्रजनन-

-जीवकर्षभककाकोलीक्षीरकाकोलीमुद्गपर्णीमाषपर्णीमेदावृद्धरुहाजटिलाकुलिङ्गा इति दशेमानि शुक्रजननानि भवन्ति !

* स्निग्धशीतंगुरुमधुरद्रव च द्रव्यं प्राय: शुक्रजनन भवती !

1

DETAILS

It is very essential to have good quality of sperm and ovum to get a good progeny. In additional to this, proper quantity (count) of sperm is also important.

To obtain the good or desirable quality (even quantity also) sperm classical literatures of Ayurveda specifies few of the drugs under the heading ‘ Shukrajanana ’ word meaning of which is the drugs having spermatogenic effect or improving the quality of the sperm and ovum. Usually such drugs are aphrodisiac, rejuvinative, unctuous, energizers and tonic in nature. 

2

SHUKRAJANANA GANA

1. Jeevaka – Malaxis acuminata – Roots

Rejuvinative, energizer, aphrodisiac, stabilizer, diuretic etc.

2. Rishabhaka – Manilkara hexandra – Roots

Bulk enhancer, unctuous, heavy, stabilizer, energetic, aphrodisiac etc.

3. Kakoli – Fritillaria roylei – Roots

Galactogogue, diuretic, aphrodisiac, rejuvinative, soothener etc.

4. Kshira Kakoli – Roscoea purpurea / Lilium polyphyllum – Roots

Tissue strengthener, bulk enhancer, soothing, diuretic, aphrodisiac, rejuvinative, soothener etc.

5. Mudgaparni (Phaseolus trilobus Ait.) – Roots

Diuretic, aphrodisiac, coolant, galactogogue, rejuvenative, general tonic etc.

6. Mashaparni – Teramnus labialis – Roots

Coolant, aphrodisiac, bulk enhancer, rejuvinative, general tonic, galactogogue etc.

7. Meda – Polygonatum cirrhifolium – Roots

Bulk enhancer, aphrodisiac, spermatogenic etc.

8. Vriddharuha (Argeria speciosa Willd.) – Roots and seeds

Blood purifier, aphrodisiac, anti inflammatory, rejuvinative etc.

9. Jatila (Nardostachys jatamamsi DC.) – Roots

Anxyolytic, memory enhancer, coolant, spermatogenic, tissue stabilizer etc.

10. Kulinga – Rhus acuminata – Roots and Seeds

Bulk enhancer, rejuvinative, spermatogenic, aphrodisiac etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The above said drugs are heavy (guru) – unctuous (snigdha) – thick (manda) – cold (hima) – stable (sthira) in nature. Most of the drugs are sweet in taste and undergo Madhura vipaka (sweet kind of metabolic change).

Even though these are aphrodisiac and spermatogenic in action, in addition they are body stabilizers(shareera sthirakaraka),nervine tonics(nadi balya), energy tonics (balya) in nature. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Due to the above said properties these drugs act well in the diseases like impotency (Shandhata/kleebata),oligospermia (ksheenashukra) – asthenospermia (shukrabala hani) etc.

In muscular dystrophy, general debility, post cachexia nervousness, loss of nervine strength, neurological deficits etc it is found to be useful. 

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Ashtavarga kashaya,

Jeevaneeya gana kashaya,

Kakolyadi kashaya,

Chyavanaprasha,

Brahma rasayana,

Mamsyadi kashaya etc are the important formulations containing the drugs of Shukrajanana gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Any of the available drugs can be taken in the powder form along with milk or by cooking with milk.

The decoctions can be prepared as per the need out of these drugs along with the additional drugs like Ashwagandha, Kapikacchu, Yashthimadhu, Bala, Gokshura, Mushali etc.

Formulation development opportunities:

The above said drugs have every chance to develop as unique compounds as aphrodisiac or tonic in suitable dosage forms like ghee, tablet, syrup, linctus etc.

Few of the drugs can be used as nutritional supplements and in sports medicine as well. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Most of the drugs and formulations are bitter in nature and hence it may cause little debility initially. So, debilitated individuals should avoid this preparation if not directly recommended in the specific conditions.

Excess intake of the above said drugs may lead to purgation in few of the individuals who have Mridu koshtha/Pitta prakriti. So it is administered with utmost care in such people. 

SHUKRA SHODHANA GANA

शुक्रशोधन-

-कुष्ठैलवालुककट्फलसमुद्रफेनकदम्बनिर्यासेक्षुकाण्डेक्ष्विक्षुरकवसुकोशीराणीति दशेमानि शुक्रशोधनानि भवन्ति !

*पुयशुक्र(pus cells in semen analysis)- परुषक चंदन द्राक्षा त्रिफला न्यग्रोध.

1

DETAILS

Ayurvedic classical literature do emphasize even the minutest aspects of our life. Their care and concern is highly appreciable. This is more appropriate with respect to the quality of the sperm.

In practice we come across the in incidences where sperm count is appropriate and in spite of all other concern healthy conditions conception becomes difficult. On thorough review the sexologists will appreciate the poor quality of the semen in such individuals. Ayurvedic medicines which have the action of purifying the sperm or semen will give master stroke in such cases.

The drugs which purify semen and sperm and restore their normal physiology. 

2

SHUKRA SHODHANA GANA

1. Kustha (Saussurea lappa B. Clarke. ) – Rhizome

Anti inflammatory, diuretic, anti microbial, anti tussive, expectorant, immune modulator etc.

2. Elavaluka (Brunus cerasus Linn.) – Seeds

Anti biotic, anti inflammatory, coolant, soothener of uro genital system, diuretic etc. 

3. Katphala – Myrica nagi – Stem bark

Expectorant, anti tussive, broncho dilator, stabilizer etc.

4. Samudraphena (Internal – cell of Sepia officinalis. ) – mineral origin drug

Carminative, digestive, lithotripsic, anti flatulent, anti spasmodic etc.

5. Kadamba (Anthocephalus indicus A. Rich. ) – Gum/resin

Absorbant, anti hyperglycemic, bulk enhancer, stabilizer etc.

6. Ikshu – Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn. ) – Roots/juice

Diuretic, coolant, cholegogue, energizer, tonic etc.

7. Kandeksu (Saccharum spontaneum Linn. ) – Roots

Cholegogue, energizer, diuretic, coolant, soothing, lithotripsic etc.

8. Ikhsuraka (Asteracantha longifolia Nees. ) – Roots/Stem

Anti inflammatory, analgesic, immune modulator, alkalizer etc.

9. Vasuka (Indigofera enneaphylla Linn. ) – Whole plant

Strengthner of uro genital system, absorbant, antim tussive, anti histaminic etc.

10. Ushira – Vetiver – Vetiveria zizanioides – Roots

Diuretic, coolant, lithotripsic, antacid, replenisher, rejuvinative, blood purifier etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The above specified drugs of Shukra shodhana gana are generally cold in potency and sweet mixed bitter in taste. Usually they undergo sweet kind of metabolic change (madhura vipaka) . They are light – unctous – cold – slow – stable in quality.

These drugs undoubtedly purify the semen qualitatively; also they act as diuretics(mutrala), coolants (sheetala/pittahara), lithotripsic(ashmarihara), general tonics/bitter tonics(balya/tikta balya) and antacids (pittaprashamana/amlapitta prashamana). 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

Hukrashodhana drugs individually and altogether helpful in several uro – genital disorders such as urinary calculi, dysurea, spermatorrhoea, haemeturia, proteinurea etc. In addition, they are useful in general debility and in bilious health conditions. In liver disorders and immunological disorders too they are applicable in various forms.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Punarnavadi kashaya,

Gokshuradi kashaya,

Trinapanchamoola kashaya,

Ashmarihara kashaya,

Kokilakshadi kashaya,

Chyavanaprasha etc contain few of the drugs of Shukrashodhana gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

In minor health issues related to uro – genital system the drugs like Kushtha, Kokilaksha/Ikshuraka, Usheera etc can be made into fine powder and can be taken along with coconut water or tender coconut water. The drugs like Samudraphena and Katphala are having wound healing property too. Fine powder of these can be dusted over the wounds and healing can be appreciated in simple and infected wounds.

Formulation development opportunities:

Suitable formulations like tablets or syrups can be made out of the above said drugs or in association with other drugs to treat the conditions related to structural defects of sperm or to regulate the motility and viscosity of the sperm. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

Even though they are not having any absolute contra indications, administration of the decoctions containing these drugs in young children may cause dysurea or burning urination as few of the drugs like Katphala, Kushtha etc may increase pitta in few of the individuals.

SNEHOPAGA GANA

स्नेहोपग- 

-मृद्वीकामधुकमधुपर्णीमेदाविदारीकाकोलीक्षीरकालोलीजीवकजीवन्तीशालपर्ण्य इति दशेमानि स्नेहोपगानि भवन्ति !

* before joint replacement- शोथहर, सन्धानीय,स्नेहोपग.

1

DETAILS

Snehana (oleation) is one of the important pre operative procedures in all purification procedures of Ayurveda. That itself a main line of treatment in all kind of vatic disorders. It has significant role in Shamana therapy also.

Classical literatures emphasize the oleaginous medicaments for both internal and external purpose.

In fact, there is more significant role is there of pre- cursors of oleation procedure.They are the adjuvants or enhancers of effect of the oleation.Ayurveda explains it as Snehopaga here’ sneha’ means ‘oleation’ and ‘upaga’ means which is’ helpful’ or ‘cursor’ ‘adjuvant’ or ‘promotor’. The drugs helpful for this purpose are called Snehopaga drugs.In true sense they increase the action of the oleation therapy and otherwise they are the bio enhancers with special reference to oleation. 

2

SNEHOPAGA GANA

1. Mrudvika- Raisins (Vitis vinifera Linn.)-dry fruits

Unctous-heavy and coolant, tonic, energizer, laxative etc.

2. Madhuka – Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra -Roots

Expectorant, rejuvinative, cholegogue, complexion enhancer, hair tonic etc.

3. Madhuparni – Indian tinospora (stem) – Tinospora cordifolia-Stem

Anti pyretic, tissue replenisher, bitter tonic, anti inflammatory, anti oxidant etc.

4. Meda – Polygonatum cirrhifolium -Roots

Bulk enhancer, body stabilizer, nervine tonic, tissue builder etc.

5. Vidari (Ipomoea paniculata / Pueraria tuberosa)-Tubers

Nutritive, nourishing, bulk enhancer, laxative etc.

6. Kakoli – Fritillaria roylei-Roots

Rejuvinative, energizer, galactogogue, restorative, soothener etc.

7. Ksheerakakoli – Lilium polyphyllum-Roots

Bulk enhancer, coolant, galactogogue, anti oxidant, soothener, tissue replenisher etc.

8. Jivaka – Malaxis acuminate-Roots

Galactogogue, nutritive, nourishing, energy restorative, immune modulator etc.

9. Jivanti – Leptadenia reticulata –Tubers/Stem

Eye tonic, energizer, eye tonic, oleaginous, galactogogue, coolant etc.

10. Shalaparni (Desmodium gangeticum D C.)-Roots

Galactogogue, diuretic, rejuvinative, anti imnflammatory, analgesic, aphrodisiac etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

These are unctuous-heavy-slow-thick and soft in quality. Most of the drugs are sweet in nature and undergo Madhura vipaka (Sweet metabolic change).They are rich with Ap and Prithwi mahabhoota. Majority of the ingredients are cold in potency.

They act as nutritive, rejuvinative, nourishing, oleaginous, anti oxidants and tissue replenishers in action. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

The drugs of this group are useful in dry skin conditions, vatic disorders, neuro muscular disorders, muscular dystrophy, wasting disorders etc.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Drakshadi ghrita,

Drakshavaleha,

Yashtyadi ghrita,

Jeevantyadi ghrita,

Vidaryadi ghrita,

Yashtimadhuka taila,

Kakolyadi kashaya,

Drakshadi kashaya etc are the few important formulations of this Gana.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Yashtimadhu is mixed with ghee or oil and applied to the body parts in dry skin conditions or the dryness caused in general during winter season. Jeevanti cooked with ghee is very effective in foot crack and in cracking of the lips and hand.

Medicated milk of Jeevanti or Yashtimadhu or combination of both is quite effective as antacid and to overcome the dryness and roughness of the body surface.

Formulation development opportunities:

As the drugs of above group and oleaginous and having the ability to promote the unctuousness the suitable external applications can be made like ghee ,oil, Malahara (ointment) etc. Syrups or decoctions formulated out of these drugs can be applied successfully in weakness, general debility etc. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

They are recommendable in the patients who have severe indigestion or mal digestion. As the drugs are nutritive and nourishing in nature they are better to be avoided in obesity and relative conditions.

SWEDOPAGA GANA

स्वेदोपग- -शोभाञ्जनकैरण्डार्कवृश्चीरपुनर्नवायवतिलकुलत्थमाषबदराणीति दशेमानि स्वेदोपगानि भवन्ति !

* स्वेदोपग द्रव्य प्रायं आग्नेयम!

- उद्बर्तन (प्रमेह,स्थौल्य)

1

DETAILS

Swedana refers to Sudation therapy in Ayurveda. Swedopaga means that promotes or which acts as adjuvant to enhance the sudation process. The medicament used in this respect are altogether known as Swedopaga medicament which means that the medicaments which eases the job of sweating.

Most of these drugs have diaphoretic action followed with hot and channel clearing nature (srotorodhahara) and softening the channels (srotomardavakaraka).

Due to this particular property the drugs explained under this group are helpful to induce the sweat in lesser time and in most effective way. 

2

SWEDOPAGA GANA

1. Shobhanjanaka- Moringa (Moringa oleifera)-Seeds and leaves

Diaphoretic, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti pyretic, digestive, nutritive, eye tonic etc.

2. Eranda – Castor (Ricinus communis Linn.)-Seeds and roots

Anti inflammatory, aphrodisiac, laxative, minute channel mobilize, anti flatulent etc.

3. Arka – Calotropis gigantia-Leaves and roots

Digestive, carminative, severe penetrative, diaphoretic, anti imnflammatory etc.

4. Vrischira (white variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.)-Roots or whole plant

Diuretic, diaphoretic, rejuvinative, lithotripsic, anti oxidant, uterine tonic etc.

5. Punarnava (red variety of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.)-Roots or whole plant

Lithotripsic, anti oxidant, uterine tonic,diuretic, diaphoretic, rejuvinative etc.

6. Yava – Barley (Hordeum vulgare)-Seeds

Bowel quantity /bulk enhancer, nutritive, energizer, body bulk enhancer etc.

7. Tila – Sesame (Sesamum indicum)-Seeds

Dipaphoretic, skin replenisher, neuro muscvular stimulant, energizer, emmenogogue, etc.

8. Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn.)- Horse gram Seeds

Lithotripsic, diuretic, anti tussive, broncho dilator, nasal decongestant, energizer, potent diaphoretic etc.

9. Masha (Phaseolus mungo Linn.) -Seeds

Bulk enhancer, nutritive, muscular tone developer, energizer etc.

10. Badara – Zizyphus jujube-Fruits and seeds

Energizer, diaphoretic, tissue replenisher, diuretic etc. 

3

QUALITIES, ACTIONS

The drugs of Swedopaga gana are hot-minute-light and penetrative in nature. Most of the drugs are hot in potency and undergo pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipaka).

These drugs are scraping, tissue replenishing, digestive and carminative in character. 

4

THERAPEUTIC USES

They are indicated in heftiness/obesity of the body, heaviness of the body parts, long persisting morbidity, metabolic disorders etc. In Vatakapha predominant diseases these drugs have significant benefits. In arthritis, inflammatory conditions and muscular pain or whole body ache-generalized etc this combination is highly effective.

5

AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

Kolakulatthadi kashaya,

Kolakulattha choorna,

Erandamoola kashaya,

Punarnavashthaka kwatha,

Kulatthadi kashaya,

Punarnavadi kashaya etc are the important formulations of this group.

Simple formulations that can be made from the above drugs and their application in routine practice:

Badara and Kulattha choorna is used for Ruksha Udwartana (dry massage) in cases of obesity, fatigue, laziness and excess body morbidity etc. Barley decoction (Barley water) is considered be the best simple and effective formulation to gain the strength in cases of fatigue and laziness.

Formulation development opportunities:

Suitable drugs are selected from the above group and concentrated Kashaya or Ghana (aqueous extract into tablet) can be formulated from the above drugs. This can be used as instant formulations especially to manage the stiffness, generalized body ache etc caused during journey or hectic schedules etc. Good scope can be estimated for self fermented alcohol (Asava arishtas) also from these drugs as the self fermented alcohols themselves are potent diaphoretics. 

6

DISADVANTAGES

These drugs are not recommended in severe debilitated patients and in the individuals with severe cachexia, debility, chronic emaciating disorders, severe gastric disturbances etc as it may further decline the body strength.

VAMANOPAGA GANA

वमनोपग- -मधुमधुककोविदारकर्बुदारनीपविदुलबिम्बीशणपुष्पीसदापुष्पाप्रत्यक्पुष्पा इति दशेमानि वमनोपगानि भवन्ति !

*वमनोपगानी द्रव्यानी प्राय: अग्नीवायुभुयीष्टानि!

* कफ- रसपाचक +वमनोपग

* पित्त- रक्तपाचक+ विरेचनोपग

*वात-अस्थीमज्जापाचक+आस्थापनो पग+अनुवासनोपग

1

DETAILS

In Ayurveda, Vamana means treatment procedure of Emesis which is the foremost kind of purificatory method referred for Kapha predominant cases.

It helps to expel out the highly provoked Kapha dosha from its site especially from above chest level. Vamanopaga is the term used to denote the process which enhances the process of emesis and hence eases the procedure of vomiting and hence to expel out the highly troublesome doshic entity.Here the drugs mentioned under this group facilitate the process along with the Vamaka drugs (emetic drugs) like Madanaphala, Jeemutaka, Kritavedhana etc. 

2

VAMANOPAGA GANA

1. Madhu (honey)

Hot in potency, sweet mixed astringent in taste, dry-hot-penetrative-stable qualities and

pungent kind of metabolic change (Katu vipaka). Rejuvinative, diaphoretic, tonic,

anti oxidant, natural detox , scraping, pro emetic etc. 

2. Madhuka– Licorice – Glycyrrhiza glabra-Root