Birds generate sounds from a structure called the 'syrinx', which is located at the junction of the two bronchi (air passages) in the respiratory tract (breathing organs). The syrinx is controlled by pairs of muscles. Generally, bird species with more muscle-pairs produce more complex calls. The songbirds, also know as passerines (of the order Passeriformes), possess between four and nine of these muscle pairs and make the longest and most elaborate calls.

What bird has a ten-foot wingspan and breeds almost exclusively on a single island in the Pacific Ocean? Find out in this special quiz episode of Short Wave. Host Emily Kwong tests the bird knowledge of musician and nature enthusiast Anthony Albrecht. He recently produced an album of 53 calls from threatened Australian birds to bring awareness to their vulnerable status.


Listen to the album, titled Songs of Disappearance, released by the Bowerbird Collective and BirdLife Australia, here.


Australian Bird Calls Free Download


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Bird call libraries are difficult to collect yet vital for bio-acoustics studies. A potential solution is citizen science labelling of calls. However, acoustic annotation techniques are still relatively undeveloped and in parallel, citizen science initiatives struggle with maintaining participant engagement, while increasing efficiency and accuracy. This study explores the use of an under-utilised and theoretically engaging and intuitive means of sound categorisation: onomatopoeia. To learn if onomatopoeia was a reliable means of categorisation, an online experiment was conducted. Participants sourced from Amazon mTurk (N = 104) ranked how well twelve onomatopoeic words described acoustic recordings of ten native Australian bird calls. Of the ten bird calls, repeated measures ANOVA revealed that five of these had single descriptors ranked significantly higher than all others, while the remaining calls had multiple descriptors that were rated significantly higher than others. Agreement as assessed by Kendall's W shows that overall, raters agreed regarding the suitability and unsuitability of the descriptors used across all bird calls. Further analysis of the spread of responses using frequency charts confirms this and indicates that agreement on which descriptors were unsuitable was pronounced throughout, and that stronger agreement of suitable singular descriptions was matched with greater rater confidence. This demonstrates that onomatopoeia may be reliably used to classify bird calls by non-expert listeners, adding to the suite of methods used in classification of biological sounds. Interface design implications for acoustic annotation are discussed.

A red-tailed black cockatoo is seen sitting on a branch with the moon behind it. The bird is one of more than 50 featured on the album Songs of Disappearance that features the sounds of many of Australia's endangered birds. Byron Hakanson/Birdlife Australia  hide caption

Anthony Albrecht produced the album with his arts organization, the Bowerbird Collective. He's a musician and a Ph.D. candidate at Charles Darwin University, where his adviser is professor Stephen Garnett.

According to environmentalists, many of those species are in danger. One in six of Australian birds are threatened due to bush fires, droughts, heatwaves, habitat loss and other factors, reports Medscape.

Compiled in conjunction with The Bowerbird Collective and featuring recordings by renowned wildlife documenter David Stewart, among others, the album flew off shelves around the country, with Tweets flying and bird lovers egging each other on to support a much bigger cause.

The bird has been spotted around the Barossa Valley in Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park, through the Flinders Ranges as well as in the Eyre Peninsula's Wittelbee Conservation Park, and in Coorong National Park.

The distinctive black, white and chestnut coloured bird can be seen around the Flinders Ranges and in small pockets of tall forests near the Mount Lofty Ranges. Sometimes they even hover like hummingbirds.

Australian Bird Calls (also referred to as Songs of Disappearance: Australian Bird Calls and just Songs of Disappearance) is an album of Australian bird calls, released on 3 December 2021 by the Bowerbird Collective and BirdLife Australia. It was created to bring attention to endangered and threatened species of Australian birds.[1] The recordings were made by nature recordist David Stewart and Nature Sound.[2]

Although the title initially appeared as Songs of Disappearance,[1] this later became the de facto "artist" name for the Bowerbird Collective's effort to bring attention to threatened and endangered Australian species, with the album itself then taking on the title of Australian Bird Calls as a "sequel" album of frog calls titled Australian Frog Calls, attributed to Songs of Disappearance, was released on 2 December 2022.[4]

The album came from an idea by Anthony Albrecht, a PhD student at Charles Darwin University and co-founder of the Bowerbird Collective, and his supervisor Stephen Garnett, who wrote the report The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2020, published in December 2021, which found one in six (216 out of 1,299) Australian bird species are threatened.[5] Garnett's report, released in collaboration with BirdLife Australia, further identified 50 species of Australian birds closest to "facing extinction due to lack of policy support and rampant climate change".[2]

Violinist Simone Slattery, the other co-founder of Bowerbird Collective, arranged the first track, a collage of the 53 bird songs recorded by David Stewart over four decades.[6] Slattery said she kept listening to the isolated bird calls until a structure came to mind "like a quirky dawn chorus. Some of these sounds will shock listeners because they're extremely percussive, they're not melodious at all. They're clicks, they're rattles, they're squawks and deep bass notes."[6] The Guardian noted the "morse code-like song" of the night parrot, which had not been heard until 2013, as well as the call of the regent honeyeater, a bird now considered "so rare that it is literally losing its own voice out of loneliness".[6]

BirdLife Australia CEO Paul Sullivan called the album "some rare recordings of birds that may not survive if we don't come together to protect them. While this campaign is fun, there's a serious side to what we're doing, and it's been heartening to see bird enthusiasts showing governments and businesses that Australians care about these important birds."[2]

This album is the result of a conversation between Anthony Albrecht, co-founder of The Bowerbird Collective, and his PhD supervisor, Stephen Garnett, a professor of conservation at CDU. Professor Garnett is the author of the recently updated Action Plan for Australian Birds.

CAUTION: Bird welfare must take priority over observation and photography.

 For sound advice on ethical bird watching please visit BirdLife Australia to download the Ethical Birding Guidelines -Ethical-Birding-Guidelines.pdf


Bird call systems can attract some curious or social birds right up to the speakers (e.g. fairy wrens, thornbills, silvereyes) while some other birds completely ignore the sounds. NOTE: Do not play bird alarm calls within the hearing range of birds. I usually place the speakers in a low bush or tree similar to one that the bird has recently occupied. Careful selection of sites is required to allow for sunlight to shine on the birds from behind the photographer. You also need to think like a bird to identify branches that the bird is willing to land on and think like a photographer to identify a simple perch in clear view with no distracting background.

In quiet conditions you can use just an iPhone which actually has 2 small speakers in the base. I can often get the birds to hear the calls by simply holding my iPhone (with the speakers facing out) under my lens while I am stalking. For longer distances or louder volumes I plug in external speakers. I highly recommend the Bluetooth speaker option - it allows you to stop, start, switch type of call or even switch species. Wireless Bluetooth speakers allow you to minimize any impact on the birds. The Moshi Bassburger even comes with a little bag - add a piece of string and it is easy to hang in a suitable bush or tree at a height that the bird frequents.

It is important when you are purchasing bird calls for use in the bush that they are without music or spoken commentary as this avoids any need for time consuming sound editing. Make sure each bird call is clearly labelled on your MP3 player as the complete list can also be used to aid species identification e.g. you may see or hear a wood swallow in the distance - a quick listen to each of the different wood swallow calls may help confirm your sighting.

Bird calls can be mimiced by: 

 - using your mouth

 -151-different-types-of-birds.html

 - using an instrument

 - using a piece of gum leaf inside the mouth 

 - playing a recorded bird call using a portable music player and mini speakers

 

 Things to consider: 

 - use of a predators call could cause a species to vacate the area

 - the use of recordings and other methods of attracting birds should be limited 

 - avoid attracting threatened, endangered or rare birds

 - limit or avoid the use of bird calls in heavily birded areas

 - most smartphones or mp3 players are suitable for bird calls

 (but check for BlueTooth support if you wish to use wireless speakers) 

 - cheap mp3 players work fine: an expensive smart phone is nice but not essential

Launched on December 3, 2021, the album debuted at No.5 on the ARIA charts, in part because the conservation organisation BirdLife Australia alerted its supporter base to a wonderful Christmas present that would also help bird conservation.

Some calls on the CD are astonishing for their rarity. Night parrots, critically endangered with a bell-like call, were lost for a century before they were rediscovered in 2013. Regent honeyeaters are now so scarce that young birds lack models from which to learn their soft, warbling calls. 9af72c28ce

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