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What is it atom?
What is it atom?
The atom is the basic unit of matter. It is the smallest structure of a chemical element that still retains the chemical properties of the element. Atoms are made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge (neutral), while electrons have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons are located in dense atomic nuclei, while electrons orbit nuclei in different electron shells.
Atoms are so small that they cannot be seen even with a microscope. However, the nature of atoms can be learned from the symptoms that arise when given an electric field, magnetic field, or light. From these phenomena it has been proven that the atom consists of an atomic nucleus that is positively charged because in it there are protons, and neutrons and electrons that surround the atomic nucleus which are called the basic particles that make up the atom.
1. The discovery of Electrons was made by J.J Thomson with the Cathode Ray Tube experiment
2. The discovery of the existence of atomic nuclei was made by Rutherford through experiments Bombardment of thin plates of metal with alpha rays
3. The discovery of the Proton was made by Goldstein with the Tunnel Beam Tube experiment
4. The discovery of the Neutron was made by James Chadwick with an alpha ray firing experiment on Berelium (Be)
ATOMIC AND MASS NUMBER
ATOMIC AND MASS NUMBER
Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Isobars are atoms that have different atomic numbers but have the same mass number.
Isotons are atoms that have different atomic numbers and mass numbers but have the same number of neutrons.
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