People

Myanmar's population continues to be relatively youthful, with about one-quarter of the population under the age of 15. However, the share of young people has been gradually decreasing since the late 20th century, as the birth rate has fallen from significantly above to considerably below the global average. In contrast, life expectancy has been steadily increasing, with the majority of both men and women now living into their 60s. This shift reflects improvements in healthcare and living standards, even as the demographic structure of the country continues to evolve.

Although Myanmar does not have an official religion, Theravada Buddhism is followed by nearly nine-tenths of the population. Buddhism is especially prominent among the Burman and Shan ethnic groups. In addition to Buddhism, there is a notable Protestant Christian minority, mainly among the Karen, Kachin, and Chin communities. Many other ethnic groups, particularly those in the hills, practice local religions that are often a blend of animism and ancestral worship. Even those who follow global religions like Christianity or Islam tend to incorporate traditional local beliefs into their practices. Muslims, primarily of Burman descent, and Hindus are smaller religious minorities in Myanmar, contributing to the country’s rich religious diversity.