Designing nanomaterials with tailored morphologies (core–shell, 2D layered structures, and facets-oriented structures) can help to marginalize the volume expansions along with ample surface area and active site availability for superior charge storage

A proper theoretical and experimental investigation of the electrode materials storage mechanism and their interaction with electrolytes at the interface can go a long way in skillful performance enhancement.

Designing appropriate electrolyte that can directly affect the energy and power densities and need to be vitally explored with recently reported ionic liquids, redox electrolytes in the bay, and less reported studies of the same.

Electrode materials investigated in terms of commercial mass loadings and assembly to understand their real potent for commercial perspectives. Given their abundance, low cost, and scalable synthesis strategies should be developed for economic feasibility in terms of their commercialization.

In view of the enormous requirement of resources for their manufacture and associated environmental hazard various recycling approaches explored for batteries to achieve a circular economy.

Proper assemblies of cell to reach optimum performance and minimize resistance. Coupling of cells to reach desired voltages.