Self-contained expositions written in a course-style format
Self-contained expositions written in a course-style format
These notes present a rigorous, geometric formulation of the ADM (3+1) decomposition of General Relativity. Starting from a spacetime foliation by Cauchy hypersurfaces, the construction develops the induced geometry, projection operators, intrinsic covariant derivative, and the Gauss–Codazzi–Ricci equations in a systematic and self-contained way. This framework is then used to derive the Hamiltonian formulation of gravity, including the constraint equations and their algebra.
These notes introduce information geometry starting from a divergence function as the primary object. Under suitable regularity assumptions, the metric, dual affine connections, and induced geometric structures of a statistical manifold are obtained directly from the divergence. This viewpoint unifies and generalizes standard constructions such as the Fisher information metric and alpha-connections.