Week of April 19

Global Capitalism and the Fall of the USSR

Monday

Consumer Capitalism in the World System (Consumerism 197-201)

1. Explain how “planned obsolescence” affected automobile consumption in the United States.

2. Explain how “credit” expanded consumption in the United States.

3. Explain how automobiles and cheap housing affected cities around the country.

4. Describe the connection between consumer society and oil production.

5. Explain the causes and effects of environmental changes in the period from 1900 to present.

Globalization and Trade and Poverty: Crash Course Economics #16

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MpVjxxpExM&ab_channel=CrashCourse

Tuesday

The Decolonized World in the World System (Third World Developmentism pp. 201-204)

1. Explain how the Cold War changed international interactions among newly decolonized states.

2. Describe the three common issues/problems among Third World states:

   1. Colonial economics

   2. Lack of urbanization

   3. Population

3. Explain how the development of new drugs along with global organizations changed the developing world after World War II.

4. Explain how the use of new agricultural technologies in the developing world (known as the “green revolution”) affected their economies.

5. Explain what made it possible for first world manufacturers to relocate factories to lower wage parts of the world.

Green Revolution | World History Project

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=015HH9zbWHQ&ab_channel=OERProject

Weds

Global migrations (Migration Refugees and States pp. 204-207)

1. Explain how states like the used displacement and resettlement schemes and the effects of these:

   1. Ottoman

   2. South Africa

   3. Germany

   4. Partition of India

   5. Central America

   6. Syria

   7. Myanmar

2. Describe the reactions to global migrations in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Thursday

Global Inequality and Inequality within Rich Countries (pp. 207-213)

1. Explain how loans from the World Bank, IMF, and ADB affected the newly formed nations of a decolonized Africa.

2. Explain why Marks says that the “policies of the industrialized world conspire to keep poor nations poor.”

What Does The World Bank Actually Do?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F59fF-xu-bY&ab_channel=NowThisWorld

3. Explain the reasons that the period between 1945-1970 “saw the lowest levels of income inequality” in modern history.

4. Explain how income inequality changed after the 1970s.

Friday

Fall of the Soviet Union (The End of the Cold War pp. 213-215)

1. Describe the problems that the Soviet Union faced after the 1970s.

2. Explain the role of US military spending on the Cold War.

3. Explain the geographic effects of the collapse of the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Bloc Unwinds: Crash Course European History #46

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aStaPgdvIdI&ab_channel=CrashCourse

Week of April 5

First I want to sadly inform you that I will not be returning this year. This year has been extremely difficult for a number of reasons. I don’t want to get into all of the details but do want you to know that it is not because of my students, you all are amazing :)

I will continue to provide weekly readings from OTMW and screencasts on this website (a reading schedule is included below). I do understand that this may not be enough for some students to feel confident in taking the AP exam. For those of you who feel like you are not prepared for the AP exam you can get a full refund if you decide not to take it according to College Board. Contact Mrs Fleming to do so. You will still receive high school credit for the class if you choose to not take the exam.

Reviewing for the AP Exam

I have also received a few emails about how to study and review for the AP exam. In my opinion, the best online resource is through my friends at Fivable https://fiveable.me/ap-world . I know a few of the teachers who work with Fivable and they are great. They have outlines and videos available for all of the units. They also have resources that help with the skills you need including how to do multiple choice, short answer, long essay, and DBQ questions (scroll down on the link below and you will see this section). When it gets closer to exam time they do live review sessions as well. For those of you into Discord they have that set up too.

APWH resources from Fivable

https://fiveable.me/ap-world

2021 AP World History: Exam Guide

https://fiveable.me/ap-world/finals-and-exam-prep/2021-ap-world-history-modern-exam-guide/blog/JXna4cgEYSn9T5F1I7yp

Schedule for Final Unit (1900- Present)

There is only one unit of study left and it covers 1900-present. For this last unit I want to make this as simple as possible for you by focusing on finishing Marks OTMW over the next 5 weeks by reading a section a day in OTMW (4th edition).

This is where those of you who have the 3rd edition will be see some changes in the text. If you have the 3rd edition you may need to ask friends to help you out with pictures of some of the pages or maybe someone can share them in each class.

For each reading I will continue to include objectives to answer and guide you through the last unit of content. Once finished you will have a few weeks to review before the exam.

Here is an outline of each week with one reading per day:

Week of April 5: Shifting Power in the Early 20th Century

• Overview of the 20th Century (Intro to the 20th Century and Beyond pp. 175-177)

• WW1 (WW1 and the Beginning of the 30 Year Crisis 1914-1945 pp. 180-183)

• Mexican and Russian revolutions (Revolutions pp. 183)

• Decolonization movements (Colonial Independence Movements pp. 183-184)

• Interwar economies in the 1920s and responses (Normalcy, The Great Depression pp. 184-186)

Week of April 12: World War Two and the Global Communism

• WW2 and Post-War Overview (pp. 187-190)

• Decolonization (pp. 190-192)

• Asian revolutions (pp. 192-193)

• Cold War (Development and Underdevelopment pp. 193-195)

• Communist economies (Consumerism versus Productionism 195-197)

Week of April 19: Global Capitalism and the Fall of the USSR

• Capitalist economies (Consumerism pp.197-201)

• Neo-colonialism in the Global South (Third World Developmentism pp. 201-204)

• Global migrations (Migration Refugees and States pp. 204-207)

• Global inequality and Inequality within Rich Countries (pp. 207-213)

• Fall of the Soviet Union (The End of the Cold War pp. 213-215)

Week of April 26: Post-Cold War Changes and Continuities

• Reforms in China (The End of History? pp. 215-216)

• US “War on Terror” (Clash of Civilizations pp. 216-218)

• Global Free Trade (pp. 218-219)

• Energy in the Global Economy (Energy Oil and War pp. 219-220)

• Trouble in the World System Again (Does History Repeat Itself pp. 224-226)

Week of May 3: A Shaky World-system

• Anti-globalization (Deterritorialization pp. 220-221)

• Climate change and environmental degradation (Into the Anthropocene pp. 226-233)

Monday

We will start with Marks’ introduction to the 20th century where he summarizes what things looked like globally.

pp. 175-177 The Great Departure: Introduction to the 20th Century and Beyond)

1. Describe three things that Europe, the United States, and Japan had in common in the early 1900s.

2. Explain how the development of new technologies changed the world from 1900 to 2000.

3. Explain the consequences of World War I and World War Two.

4. Compare the two waves of globalization that Marks describes.

5. Describe what Marks considers to be the most important change in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Tuesday

Tuesday

World War One (WW1 and the Beginning of the 30 Year Crisis 1914-1945 pp. 180-183)

1. Explain how each of the following contributed to the onset of World War I.

   • imperialist expansion and competition for resources

   • regional conflicts

   • flawed alliance system

2. Explain how governments used new technologies to conduct war.

3. Describe the changes brought to the world system after World War I ended.

Weds

Revolutions in Mexico, Russia, and China (Revolutions pp. 183)

1. Compare reasons for political changes in the states of

   • Russia

   • Mexico

   • China

Colonial Independence Movements (Colonial Independence Movements pp. 183-184)

2. Describe the process by which people, like Gandhi, pursued independence after 1900.

Thursday

Economies in the 1920s (Normalcy, The Great Depression pp. 184-186)

1. Explain how responses to economic changes in the 1920s led to the Great Depression.

2. Explain how the governments below reacted to the global Great Depression.

   1. United States

   2. Soviet Union

   3. Germany

   4. Japan

3. Explain how the concept of autarky effected the world system.

Week of March 15

Last week you read about British imperialism in China and India with a focus the Opium trade and the resulting wars. This led to a weakened China, at the end of it's Dynastic cycle, with the Qing being the last (1644–1912). Britain and other world powers, including Japan, would reshape China's role in the world system until the republican and Communist revolutions in the early 20th century.

This week we will wrap up our look at 19th century China and bring in a study of imperialism in Africa.

Monday/Tuesday

I want to start with OTMW Marks' The Scrambles for Africa and China (pp. 162-168 4th ed) and also include the short section called Social Darwinism and Self-Congratulatory Eurocentrism (pp. 171-172 4th ed).

Africa

1. Explain how various environmental factors contributed to the development of imperialism in the interior of Africa.

2. Explain how various technological factors contributed to the development of imperialism in the interior of Africa.

3. Explain the process by which power shifted in Africa from 1750 to 1900 (focus on the Berlin Conference).

China

1. Explain how internal factors (within China) influenced the process of state building in China from 1750 to 1900.

2. Explain how external factors (Japanese and European imperialism) influenced the process of state building in China from 1750 to 1900.

3. Compare the process of imperialism in Africa and China. Think about the difference between access to markets to sell goods vs. access to raw materials to produce goods.

Social Darwinism and Self-Congratulatory Eurocentrism

1. Explain how European ideologies contributed to the development of imperialism from 1750 to 1900.

Weds/Thursday/Friday

I want to continue looking at imperialism/colonialism in Africa to close out the week. Marks does a good job in providing context to what transpired in 19th century Africa and we will focus on two specific examples: the Congo in central Africa and Ghana in western Africa.

Part One:

I created a screencast video for you on the Congo in central Africa that looks at the Berlin Conference and King Leopold of Belgium's rule over Congo. After you watch the screencast you can read the two documents I am linking to below. I describe the documents in the video and provide context.

Screencast

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9YSc-qw8sw&ab_channel=jason_fernandes

Primary source docs: Mojimba and Henry Stanley describe their encounter on the Congo River

https://docs.google.com/document/d/10B9eik0IftaB_HgzVw064O827IUFjIOjwwjKnhY4vRo/edit?usp=sharing

Part Two:

Next I want to look at colonialism in the region of Ghana and resistance to imperialism there. I am using two excellent videos from the World History Project that feature American and African historians. These will give you context to the resistance movements in Africa.

Experiencing Colonialism: Through a Ghanaian Lens | World History Project

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bowdxeIbS0&ab_channel=OERProject

Resisting Colonialism: Through a Ghanaian Lens | World History Project

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08reE8PqzSc&ab_channel=OERProject

Part Three:

I want to look at some written primary sources on resistance to imperialism in Africa. These were used by AP for the DBQ essay in 2004. While the question format they used is no longer relevant for the exam the documents are very useful in exploring the methods of resistance. Two of the documents are from Ghana and were referenced in the Resisting Colonialism video from above (docs 2 and 5).

As you read through the documents do a few things:

1. If you could cut the documents apart into individual documents which ones would you place in a pile together as being similar? Why did you create these different categories? You can use some of the documents in more than one category of reaction FYI. Was there one that did not fit in any category? Why not?

2. How did responses to European colonialism change over time?

3. There are non-violent reactions and violent reactions. From the documents why do things turn violent typically?

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bhmhaWYz3FuWYh29IY5rEWDCF-bLifK7SdoLuQs1kwo/edit?usp=sharing

Part Four:

Let us close with a final primary source, an anti-colonial children's story, The Man Who Shared His Hut. This was written by the Kenyan freedom fighter and national hero Jomo Kenyatta in 1936. How does this story serve as a parable? Who do the animals represent in this story of colonialism?

Jomo Kenyatta was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to his death in 1978. He was the country's first indigenous head of government and played a significant role in the transformation of Kenya from a colony of the British Empire into an independent republic.

http://dredwardschallenge.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/6/22362284/the_man_who_shared_his_hut.pdf

Week of March 1, 2021

This week we will analyze responses to the economic and social changes that were brought by the Industrial Revolution. As we saw last week, new social classes were created as the economy changed. The largest new class was the industrial working class whose living conditions were quite abysmal, as shown in Friedrich Engels' text from last week. The low wages of these workers often forced their children into factories and mines as seen in last weeks BBC documentary Children of the Industrial Revolution.

What was to be done about this? This week will examine a few of the reform movements that developed in Europe at this time.

Monday and Tuesday

Let's compare two different visions of reform in Victorian Era Britain. Samuel Smiles' approach to reform was focused on the individual while Karl Marx saw the solution through community or collective action.

Read the two documents and be able to answer the following objectives. You can create a new document in your OneNote titled Responses to Industrialization and place the questions and answers there.

1. Explain how Smiles views the role of the individual in Thrift.

2. Explain the process that Smiles envisions for the improvement of society.

3. Explain how Marx and Engels view the role of social class in the Communist Manifesto.

4. Explain the process that Marx and Engels envision for the transition to socialism.

5. Which of these writings do you think would appeal to the working class in Victorian England? Explain your answer.

6. Do you think these reforms are still relevant today? Explain your answer.

Samuel Smiles' Thrift

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fkH3s2tR0fzw3W2dEAZR23e0l8Tc5ZotKpThvxBc_LQ/edit?usp=sharing

Marx and Engels' Communist Manifesto

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OPx-cljFIIKr5-MxGjHZ6ha_1WOMKIgXa2TQqmQfc1c/edit?usp=sharing

PS - I am going to do my best to record some short videos this week where I discuss the readings and add some context.

Wednesday

I recorded a short 17 minute lesson on the readings from Monday and Tuesday. In this, I look at the differences in the responses to industrialization from Smiles and Marx. Marx is a very influential thinker so I go a little deeper into what he viewed as the main problems in capitalism that created the living conditions for the working class, namely his theory of the surplus value of labor. I also talk briefly about the differences in the left-wing ideas of state-based communism and anti-state anarchism. Listen and Enjoy!

https://drive.google.com/file/d/196fN4TW66rvoNR3h-qctRghaY-a7wCqb/view?usp=sharing

or

https://youtu.be/OXiDC1r-hmg

Thursday and Friday

I want to end the week with a slightly different topic- the environmental effects of industrialization and the calls for change.

We talked briefly about the switch to coal power a few weeks ago so let's expand on that. Remember that coal is burned to produce steam for stream engines. This was used to power the machines that replaced artisan labor.

Thursday

In OTMW Marks briefly discusses the air and water pollution that resulted from urban factories. Read pp. 150-154 in the 4th edition (141-145 3rd ed.) and answer the following questions in your OneNote. Title your document Environmental Consequences of the Industrial Revolution.

1. Explain the effects on the environment of industrial economic strategies over time.

2. Explain the effects of calls for change in environmental policies in industrial societies.

Friday

I recorded a screencast of a slideshow where I provide some context to Marks OTMW with more visual primary sources. In this I cover air and water pollution and the responses to these problems of industrialization. I tie it back into the discussion of socialist ideas from this week too. Remember that socialists want the community to own industries, which will happen with things like sewer systems and water systems. I also cover the use of guano fertilizer (bird poop) since I am talking about poop. After watching you can add on to your answers from Thursday.

https://youtu.be/hwLcNQtWBJg

DBQ Review

Hello everyone. I went through the latest DBQ from the College Board. Hopefully this will help you to think through the documents and structure your argument.

Video link:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yLDOUI3X1Tw

DBQ: Evaluate the extent to which Christianity changed societies in Latin America in the period 1500–1800.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/17iljyrxWvE1h6zDdIrEf-8eFtCIBm4Mj/view?usp=sharing

DBQ Essay Structure

Thesis: Explains the claims/argument you are making in the body of your essay. You will make at least two claims.

Context: Historical events don't happen on their own. Explain the larger picture this is taking place within.

Evidence from documents: This is how you prove your thesis in the body paragraphs (you need at least two body paragraphs, one for each claim in your thesis). Use the documents to prove you are correct.

Source Analysis: This where you examine the source itself by focusing on POV, purpose, or audience. Is the POV of the author important to your claim? Why was the document written (purpose)? Who was it written for (audience)?

Outside evidence: This is how you prove your thesis in the body. Use two more pieces of evidence that do not come from the documents to prove you are correct.

Complexity: If the question focuses on changes did you also discuss continuities? If the question focuses on cause and effect did you discuss both? If the question is comparative did you discuss similarities and differences?