API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, Fitness-For-Service, is a standard developed and published jointly by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and ASME. It describes several fitness-for-service (FFS) assessment techniques that help ensure the safe and reliable operation of pressurized equipment used in oil & gas, petrochemical, and chemical facilities. This document was originally published in January of 2000, with the most recent 4th Edition being released in December of 2021.

API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 provides procedures for performing proper fitness-for-service assessments and/or rerating of equipment that is designed and constructed to recognized codes and standards. This standard contains numerous sections on assessment procedures for calculating the impact of damage mechanisms such as brittle fracture, general metal loss and local metal loss, pitting corrosion, blisters and laminations, weld misalignment and shell distortion, crack-like flaws, creep damage, and fire damage.


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API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 also has appendices on several other important topics, such as equations for determining MAWP, thickness, and stress in components, methods of stress analysis for Level 2 and Level 3 FFS assessments, a compendium of stress intensity solutions, guidance on material properties, failure modes and damage mechanisms, validation of assessment procedures, and information on submitting technical inquiries to API, among other things.

The latest edition of the API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 Fitness-for-Service Code was released at the end of 2021. It seems like a good time to have a conversation with the Chair of that committee, Ben Hantz, to get his perspective on the evolution of FFS.

This concise course explains the concept of FFS, discusses FFS and Lifecycle Management Principles, briefly reviews the history and development of API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1, highlights opportunities for FFS, and provides an overview of API 579-1.

Fitness-for-service assessment is a multi-disciplinary engineering approach that is used to determine if equipment is fit to continue operation for some desired future period. The equipment may contain flaws, have sustained damage, or have aged so that it cannot be evaluated by use of the original construction codes. API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 is a comprehensive consensus industry recommended practice that can be used to analyze, evaluate, and monitor equipment for continued operation. The main types of equipment covered by this standard are pressure vessels, piping, and tanks.

The ASME API 579-1/ASME FFS-1-2021 standard provides the means to carry out fitness-for-service by covering a broad list of assessment methods based on the condition of the equipment tested. In addition, it compiles the responsibilities of every individual involved, including the Owner-User (who has complete responsibility over the FFS), Inspector (who works in conjunction with the Nondestructive Examination (NDE) engineer to assure that requirements for testing and inspection have been met), and Engineer (who may need to provide input from the following disciplines: Materials or Metallurgical Engineering, Mechanical or Structural Engineering, Inspection Engineering, Fracture Mechanics Engineering, Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Engineering, and Process Engineering).

Please note that this standard, which first appeared as an API publication, is the third edition of the jointly-published document, and different updates have been made to this latest revision to keep it address user feedback and introduce new technology. Some changes to the 2021 publication of ASME API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 include the following modifications and technical improvements:

The first edition of API 579 Recommended Practice for Fitness-For-Service was published in 2000. Work on the second edition of API 579 was initiated the same year with many planned technical improvements. In addition to technical improvements, API and ASME agreed to form a joint committee to produce a joint API/ASME FFS Standard that can be used for pressure-containing equipment. This new standard designated as API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2007 Fitness-For-Service is based on the first edition of API 579, incorporates all planned technical enhancements originally slated for the second edition, and also includes modifications to address the special needs of other industries such as the fossil electric power industry, and the pulp and paper industry. Insights into the driving force to create API 579 and an overview of the technical enhancements that will be incorporated into API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 are presented in this paper. The use of the API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 fitness-for-service assessment procedure models to establish a probability of failure for use with the API Risk Based Inspection Planning Technology is also provided.

Summarized herein are the substantial changes to API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, Fitness for Service, that were incorporated in the 2016 edition, as reviewed by Becht Fitness for Service experts.

API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 is a Standard jointly published by API and ASME. The purpose of the document is to provide a consensus of methods to quantitatively evaluate commonly observed damage to in-service pressure equipment. Since it was first issued by API in 2000, this Fitness-For-Service standard has been used worldwide as a means of evaluating whether pressure equipment was fit for continued service, and in many cases, for how long. This standard has been used to avoid costly and unnecessary unplanned outages, while maintaining safe and reliable equipment.

Several of the assessment methodologies are no longer shown in full, e.g. plastic collapse analysis. Instead, the user is pointed to the corresponding Design-By-Analysis paragraphs of ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2. Only differences between these two standards are explicitly addressed in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, e.g. use of Remaining Strength Factor (RSF), -factor in elastic-plastic analyses, etc.

Becht Engineering has extensive experience and expertise in the conduct of Fitness-For-Service. We have performed evaluations for all damage mechanisms covered in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 for clients around the world. Our wealth of knowledge and experience enables us to provide authoritative, practical, knowledge based answers, and to solve your problems.

Additionally, our FFS experts developed and optimized our proprietary BechtFFS software. BechtFFS software is an API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 (2016 edition compliant) web-based software designed to assist operators/owners in evaluating equipment items which have developed defects in service. Read more about the software HERE.

Corrosion and metal degradation are inevitable phenomena in various industries, and using Standards that provide detailed assessment to evaluate the structural integrity of an in-service damaged component is absolutely essential. Among all existing Standards, API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 is a well-known assessment standard recognized as Fitness-For-Service (FFS) assessment and is employed in various industries to assess the structural integrity of in-service pressure vessels and storage tanks that may contain a flaw or damage. In this study, software for the FFS evaluation was developed according to Part 7 of the third edition of the AP1579-1/ASME FFS-1 and was written using C# programming language. This software is developed for low-strength ferritic steel pressurized components with hydrogen blistering (HB) damage, in order to facilitate decision making on run-repair-replace of an in-service damaged component.

It is expected that the user would have sufficient knowledge about API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 assessments and the extent of data required for carrying out different assessments. Alternatively, TWI offers a comprehensive training programme on API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.

This 7 days advanced course provides guidance for conducting FFS assessments using methodologies as covered in the de-facto industry standard API 579/ASME FFS-1, applicable to the pressurized equipment. The course has been adopted and revised to correspond to the latest edition of the code (June 2016), and covers both the main code body of knowledge (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 -Fitness-For-Service) as well as illustrative implementation examples as given in API 579-2/ASME FFS-2 - Fitness-For-Service Example Problem Manual.

For metal loss assessments in the 2021 edition of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 (hereinafter "API 579"), the Remaining Strength Factor (RSF) is "utilized to define the acceptability of a component for continued service." The RSF is defined as the ratio of the plastic collapse load of the damaged component divided by that of the undamaged component. For metal loss assessments, the RSF is a function of the corroded geometry, as evidenced in the equations in Part 5 of API 579 and as documented in WRC 505. If the calculated RSF is less than an allowable RSF (RSFa), then the MAWP of the component must be reduced by the ratio of RSF/RSFa; otherwise, the component is acceptable at the undamaged MAWP. The recommended value for RSFa in API 579 is 0.90. e24fc04721

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