“The church says the earth is flat, but I know that it is round, for I have seen the shadow on the moon, and I have more faith in a shadow than in the church”
Ferdinand Magellan
After reading this section about Exploration and Expansion you should understand
Spanish and Portuguese "discoveries" and conquest.
Europe’s concept of mercantilism and empire-building.
The idea of the "Colombian Exchange and how had global ramifications
The nature and decline of Spain’s vast colonial empire in the Americas.
The structure of slavery in the Americas, and the role of slave labor in the Atlantic economy's plantation system.
Textbook Reading Sections
Exploration and Expansion p. 69-74, p.205-218
Primary Readings
The Atlantic Passage p 215-216
A Slave Trader Describes the Atlantic Passage
The Slave Ship Brookes (image)
Secondary Readings
Sugar Enters the Western Diet p. 206
The Colombian Exchange p. 229-231
Outside Primary Readings
A Defense of American Natives by Las Casas
Supportive Secondary Documents
“The Columbian Exchange: Plants, Animals, and Disease between the Old and New Worlds”, Alfred W. Crosby, Professor Emeritus, University of Texas at Austin, National Humanities Center (CR1c)
Useful Exploration and Expansion Links
Life Aboard a 16th century Spanish Ship
Elizabethan Exploration and Foreign Policy
Potential Exploration and Expansion LEQ Questions
Explain how advances in learning and technology influenced 15th and 16th century European exploration and trade.
Describe and analyze how overseas exploration by European states affected global trade and international relations from 1600-1715.
Explain how economic, technological, political, and religious factors promoted European explorations from about 1450 to about 1525.
Analyze the changes in the European economy from about 1450 to 1700 brought about by the voyages of exploration and by colonization. Give specific examples.
Compare and contrast the European “Old Imperialism” in Africa and Asia with the European domination of the New World between 1450 and 1700.