Castration

Pigs

• 100% of male piglets in the US are castrated, virtually always without pain relief.[S][S]

• 99.3% of male piglets in Japan are castrated, 97.3% of the time without any pain relief.[S]

• 100% of male piglets in China are castrated, typically without pain relief.[S][S]

• 39% of male piglets in Cyprus are castrated, with none (0%) receiving anesthesia.[S]

Europe

• 95% of male piglets in Austria are castrated, with only 1% receiving proper pain relief (both anesthesia & analgesia).[S]

• 80% of male piglets in Belgium are castrated, with only 3% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 90% of male piglets in the Czech Republic are castrated, with only 6% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• Over 97% of male piglets in Denmark are castrated, with none receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• All male piglets (100%) in Estonia are castrated, with none receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 96% of male piglets in Finland are castrated, with only 0.5% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 75.6% of male piglets in Greece are castrated, with none receiving anesthesia.[S]

• 99% of male piglets in Hungary are castrated, with none receiving any pain relief.[S]

• 93% of male piglets in Italy are castrated, with only 0.5% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• All male piglets in Latvia are castrated, with none receiving any pain relief.[S]

• 90.8% of male piglets in Lithuania are castrated, with only 28.8% receiving anesthesia.[S]

• 99% of male piglets in Luxembourg are castrated, with none receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• All male piglets in North Macedonia are castrated, with none receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 35% of male piglets in the Netherlands are castrated, with none receiving any pain relief.[S]

• 81.8% of male piglets in Poland are castrated, with only 13% receiving anesthesia.[S]

• 12.5% of male piglets in Portugal are castrated, with none receiving any pain relief.[S]

• 95% of male piglets in Romania are castrated, with only 2% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 95% of male piglets in Slovakia are castrated, with only none receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 99% of male piglets in Slovenia are castrated, with only 1% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

• 15% of male piglets in Spain are castrated, with only 1% receiving proper pain relief.[S]

Cattle

• 99% of beef producers in Canada castrate male calves, with 26% always using pain relief and 20% sometimes using pain relief (54% never use pain relief). Of those that use pain relief, only 9.5% use pain relief considered adequate (local anesthesia + analgesia).[S]

• 88% of beef cattle in the U.S. are castrated,[S] with 80% of farms reporting no use of any pain relief.[S]

• 86.7% of beef farms in Japan perform castration, typically without anesthesia.[S][S]

Sheep

• 97% of sheep/wool producers in Australia castrate their lambs, with only 34% using pain relief.[S]

• 77.5% of sheep farmers in New Zealand castrate their lambs, with 98.5% of them never using any pain relief.[S][S]

• 75.1% of farms in the US castrate male lambs,[S] typically without pain relief.[S][S]